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Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray最新文献

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Data collection in urban drainage and stormwater management systems – case studies 城市排水和雨水管理系统的数据收集-案例研究
Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray Pub Date : 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.2166/9781789060119_0415
A. Schellart, F. Blumensaat, F. Clemens-Meyer, Job van der Werf, W. Mohtar, S. Ramly, N. Muhammad, Jérémie Bonneau, T. Fletcher, J. Costelloe, R. James, M. Burns, P. Poelsma, S. Ochoa‐Rodriguez, D. Bourne, Zoe Hancock, G. Wallwork, J. Hale, Nadia Nikolova-Peters, S. Kroll, J. V. Assel, D. Mccarthy, B. Shi, S. Bloem, C. Ebi
{"title":"Data collection in urban drainage and stormwater management systems – case studies","authors":"A. Schellart, F. Blumensaat, F. Clemens-Meyer, Job van der Werf, W. Mohtar, S. Ramly, N. Muhammad, Jérémie Bonneau, T. Fletcher, J. Costelloe, R. James, M. Burns, P. Poelsma, S. Ochoa‐Rodriguez, D. Bourne, Zoe Hancock, G. Wallwork, J. Hale, Nadia Nikolova-Peters, S. Kroll, J. V. Assel, D. Mccarthy, B. Shi, S. Bloem, C. Ebi","doi":"10.2166/9781789060119_0415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/9781789060119_0415","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Data collection in urban drainage systems comes with many challenges. However, many examples already exist, containing numerous useful lessons learned. This chapter therefore contains several urban drainage and stormwater management metrology case studies, selected to cover a wide range of scopes, scales, objectives, climates, data validation methods, and data storage approaches. The case studies are initiated by academics as well as by institutions from the water industry.","PeriodicalId":185223,"journal":{"name":"Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray","volume":"1216 20","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133842348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Data validation and data quality assessment 数据验证和数据质量评估
Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray Pub Date : 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.2166/9781789060119_0327
F. Clemens-Meyer, M. Lepot, F. Blumensaat, Dominik Leutnant, G. Gruber
{"title":"Data validation and data quality assessment","authors":"F. Clemens-Meyer, M. Lepot, F. Blumensaat, Dominik Leutnant, G. Gruber","doi":"10.2166/9781789060119_0327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/9781789060119_0327","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Once data have been recorded, data validation procedures have to be conducted to assess the quality of the data, i.e. give a confidence grade. Furthermore, gaps may occur in time series and, depending on the purposes, these can be given values by application of e.g. interpolation. Since both aspects are strongly correlated, this chapter gives an overview on the main data validation and data curation/imputation methods. Instead of offering exhaustive details on existing methods, this chapter aims at providing concepts for most popular techniques, a discussion of their advantages and disadvantages in the light of different cases of application, and some thoughts on potential impacts of the choices that must be made. Despite involving mathematical methods, data validation remains a largely subjective process: every data user must be aware of those subjectivities.","PeriodicalId":185223,"journal":{"name":"Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133131599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
General introduction and book layout 总体介绍和书籍布局
Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray Pub Date : 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.2166/9781789060119_0001
J. Bertrand-Krajewski, F. Clemens, M. Lepot
{"title":"General introduction and book layout","authors":"J. Bertrand-Krajewski, F. Clemens, M. Lepot","doi":"10.2166/9781789060119_0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/9781789060119_0001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This introductory chapter indicates why well-defined, high-standard, and reliable monitoring is a key aspect in the necessary evolution of urban drainage and stormwater management and why it should become routine practice. It provides a framework, guidelines, and recommendations to define monitoring objectives and means. It also presents the structure and the chapters of the rest of the book.","PeriodicalId":185223,"journal":{"name":"Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132414384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Uncertainty assessment 不确定性评估
Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray Pub Date : 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.2166/9781789060119_0263
J. Bertrand-Krajewski, M. Uhl, F. Clemens-Meyer
{"title":"Uncertainty assessment","authors":"J. Bertrand-Krajewski, M. Uhl, F. Clemens-Meyer","doi":"10.2166/9781789060119_0263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/9781789060119_0263","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Assessing uncertainties in measurements must become a standard practice in the field of urban drainage and stormwater management. This chapter presents three standard methods to estimate uncertainties: the Type A method (repeated measurements), the Type B method (law of propagation of uncertainties) and the MC method (Monte Carlo method). Each method is described with its fundamental principles and equations, various examples are presented in detail and Matlab® codes are given to facilitate the calculations for routine applications. An advanced method to account for partial autocorrelation in time series is presented. Lastly, typical orders of magnitude of standard uncertainties for usual sensors used in urban drainage and stormwater management are given.","PeriodicalId":185223,"journal":{"name":"Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133064176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 48
Operation and maintenance 操作与维护
Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray Pub Date : 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.2166/9781789060119_0203
Jakob Benisch, B. Helm, J. Bertrand-Krajewski, Simon Bloem, F. Cherqui, Uwe Eichelmann, S. Kroll, P. Poelsma
{"title":"Operation and maintenance","authors":"Jakob Benisch, B. Helm, J. Bertrand-Krajewski, Simon Bloem, F. Cherqui, Uwe Eichelmann, S. Kroll, P. Poelsma","doi":"10.2166/9781789060119_0203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/9781789060119_0203","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This chapter first provides information on general health and safety rules to be applied by operators in monitoring urban drainage and stormwater management (UDSM) systems, especially in the harsh confined environment of underground sewer systems. Second, it presents experience-based key recommendations for best practice and quality in operation, management and maintenance of sensors and installations for rainfall and discharge measurements. In the last part, three numerical methods (ordinary least squares, Williamson least squares, non-linear regression) are presented, with detailed examples of application, to establish calibration functions which are necessary for all sensors used in UDSM monitoring.","PeriodicalId":185223,"journal":{"name":"Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114871258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sensors for rain measurements 雨量测量传感器
Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray Pub Date : 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.2166/9781789060119_0011
P. Willems, T. Einfalt
{"title":"Sensors for rain measurements","authors":"P. Willems, T. Einfalt","doi":"10.2166/9781789060119_0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/9781789060119_0011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Rain measurements based on rain gauges, disdrometers, weather radars and microwave links provide essential input data for urban drainage and stormwater modelling, management, and planning. Their quality strongly depends on the sensor type and calibration, but also on the data post-processing that includes quality control and data adjustment after comparison with reference observations. This chapter provides an overview of traditional techniques and recent developments, and practical advice on the selection of the type of instrument, the installation and calibration aspects to be considered, and the measurement data processing and adjustment needs.","PeriodicalId":185223,"journal":{"name":"Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125164270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Water level and discharge measurements 水位和排放量测量
Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray Pub Date : 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.2166/9781789060119_0035
F. Larrarte, M. Lepot, F. Clemens-Meyer, J. Bertrand-Krajewski, Damjan Ivetić, D. Prodanović, Bram Stegeman
{"title":"Water level and discharge measurements","authors":"F. Larrarte, M. Lepot, F. Clemens-Meyer, J. Bertrand-Krajewski, Damjan Ivetić, D. Prodanović, Bram Stegeman","doi":"10.2166/9781789060119_0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/9781789060119_0035","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The knowledge of water levels and discharges in urban drainage and stormwater management (UDSM) systems is of key importance to understand their functioning and processes, to evaluate their performance, and to provide data for modelling. In this chapter, devoted mainly to underground combined and separate sewer pipe systems, various methods and technologies are described and discussed. After an introduction to important aspects to deal with when measuring discharges in sewer systems, the following parts are presented successively: (i) measurement of water level with rulers, and pressure, ultrasonic and radar sensors, (ii) measurement of flow velocity with ultrasonic, Doppler, velocity profiler, free surface, and electromagnetic sensors, (iii) direct measurement of discharge with pre-calibrated devices, physical scale models, computational fluid dynamics modelling and use of pumping stations, and (iv) detection and/or measurement of infiltration into and exfiltration from sewers, with flow or pressure measurements, tracer experiments, distributed temperature sensing and geophysical methods.","PeriodicalId":185223,"journal":{"name":"Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132968555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Measuring the water balance in stormwater control measures 测量雨水控制措施中的水平衡
Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray Pub Date : 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.2166/9781789060119_0105
T. Fletcher, J. Bertrand-Krajewski, Jérémie Bonneau, M. Burns, P. Poelsma, Jasmine K. Thom
{"title":"Measuring the water balance in stormwater control measures","authors":"T. Fletcher, J. Bertrand-Krajewski, Jérémie Bonneau, M. Burns, P. Poelsma, Jasmine K. Thom","doi":"10.2166/9781789060119_0105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/9781789060119_0105","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Stormwater control measures (SCMs), also frequently referred to as sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS), are of growing importance in cities, as part of a global move towards mitigating the impacts of stormwater on receiving environments. They need to be monitored as parts of UDSM systems but require specific and sometimes innovative methods and sensors. This is particularly the case for SCMs such as swales, rain-gardens, bioretention filters, infiltration trenches, green roofs, etc., which have complex and varied configurations and hydrologic behaviour. This chapter deals with measuring the water balance in SCMs by accounting for its various components: inflows, outflows, overflows, storage, infiltration, exfiltration, intrusion, evaporation, and evapotranspiration. It presents a range of suitable methods and tools, indicates key points to consider, and discusses possible difficulties in obtaining accurate monitoring data. Routine monitoring of decentralized and diversified SCMs is still an emerging field for both researchers and practitioners. A significant evolution is therefore expected with its generalization in the next years.","PeriodicalId":185223,"journal":{"name":"Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray","volume":"182 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124568479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Design of a monitoring network: from macro to micro design 监控网络的设计:从宏观到微观的设计
Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray Pub Date : 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.2166/9781789060119_0155
M. Lepot, Z. Kapelan, F. Clemens
{"title":"Design of a monitoring network: from macro to micro design","authors":"M. Lepot, Z. Kapelan, F. Clemens","doi":"10.2166/9781789060119_0155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/9781789060119_0155","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Designing a monitoring network or a measuring set-up or a monitoring station is a typical (multidisciplinary) engineering enterprise: a range of potentially conflicting demands (technical, financial and managerial) and limitations (e.g. availability of resources, skilled personnel, regulations) have to be respected. This chapter addresses the design aspects on both the macro scale (a monitoring network) and on the micro scale. The macro scale addresses what to measure, where to measure, how frequently to measure and the applications of models in the design process. On the micro scale issues with safety, accessibility and practical limitations are discussed. This chapter has close links with virtually all other chapters in this book and a comprehensive set of literature references is supplied to allow the interested reader to broaden his/her knowledge on the subject.","PeriodicalId":185223,"journal":{"name":"Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127581546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Data communication and storage 数据通信与存储
Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray Pub Date : 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.2166/9781789060119_0135
F. Branger, S. Tait, Véronique Chaffard, E. Brelot, V. Lecomte, Isabelle Mallet, P. Skipworth
{"title":"Data communication and storage","authors":"F. Branger, S. Tait, Véronique Chaffard, E. Brelot, V. Lecomte, Isabelle Mallet, P. Skipworth","doi":"10.2166/9781789060119_0135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/9781789060119_0135","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Monitoring programs in urban drainage systems generate, potentially, a huge amount of data from sources distributed in the urban environment, working at relatively high sampling rates for extended periods of time. Collecting data using adaptable and reliable communication systems is the first challenge. Then structuring the collected data is a first requisite for effectively managing the quality and accessibility of the data. In adjacent fields of research, the topic of managing huge collections of data has resulted in several (open) standards and protocols for database structure, transfer and storage to ensure unambiguous definitions on which parties can build their workflows/software. This chapter describes relevant approaches for urban drainage and stormwater management systems, and appropriate standards along with examples from case studies.","PeriodicalId":185223,"journal":{"name":"Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124966267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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