Veterinary Research Notes最新文献

{"title":"Disease prevalence and use of veterinary antibiotics in land-based aquaculture in South Chattogram, Bangladesh: A matter of health concern","authors":"M. Kawsar, N. Tasnim, F. Munny","doi":"10.5455/vrn.2022.b8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/vrn.2022.b8","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The research was conducted to investigate the disease prevalence and use of veterinary antibiotics in land-based aquaculture for fish health management in South Chattogram, Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: Data were collected using participatory rural appraisal tools such as market surveys, personal contact, and questionnaire interviews with 80 fish farmers, 10 technical officers from different pharmaceutical companies, and 10 chemical sellers from the South Chattogram Upazilas of Chakoria, Anwara, Lohagara, Banshkhali, and Cox’s Bazar Sadar. Results: A total of 37 brands belonging to 10 distinct antibiotic groups were identified. Erythromycin, sulfadyazine, trimethoprim (97.5%), and oxytetracycline (95%) were found to be the most commonly utilized antibiotics. Tilapia infection (91.25%) and Edwardsiellosis in pangas (80%) were the most encountered diseases. Mixed cultures of tilapia, carp, and pangas were the most common cultural practices. A number of limitations were found, including the farmer’s lack of knowledge on how to appropriately handle antibiotics that were incorporated into the research. Conclusion: The findings show that disease has become a common and rising concern in aquaculture, and without a formal diagnosis, farmers are using various antibiotics. The subsequent concern over antibiotic residues’ impact on the environment, animal, and human health demands extensive investigation to detect possible hazards in other parts of Bangladesh, specifically in south Chattogram.","PeriodicalId":185194,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Notes","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129064048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postoperative complications associated with open reduction and internal fixation of long bone fractures in calves","authors":"M. Akter, M. Alam","doi":"10.5455/vrn.2022.b16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/vrn.2022.b16","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Surgical reduction with plate fixation and wire sutures is helpful for the functional restoration of a broken limb for improved clinical management of long bone fractures. Postoperative problems are highly likely following long-bone fractures in the calves. The goal of this study was to find out what the most common problems were after surgery for all of these fracture treatment methods. \u0000Materials and Methods: The results of calves who received the two surgical methods with and without problems were compared. All calves underwent open reduction and internal fixation with a bone plate and full cerclage wire. On days 0, 14, and 28 after surgery, with or without complications, the clinical outcomes, such as wound infection, delayed union or non-union, and rotational misalignment was looked at. \u0000Results: In this study, 8 problems were reported out of 10 calves. The most prevalent complications included severe misalignment, wound infection, implant failure, and delayed union. Open fractures managed with plate fixation had the highest rate of problems compared to full cerclage wire. After a bacteriological study, it was found that Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were among the bacteria that caused acute infections at complicated fracture sites. \u0000Conclusion: This study exhibited that the full cerclage wire suture was associated with fewer complications compared to that plate fixation. However, further studies and evidence are necessary on a large sample size to draw a precise conclusion.","PeriodicalId":185194,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Notes","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123372136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and molecular characterization of Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli from betel leaf (Piper betel L.)","authors":"Jafrul Ripon, M. Shahid, M. Mahmud, Shanta Das, M. Rahman, K. Nazir","doi":"10.5455/vrn.2021.a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/vrn.2021.a3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":185194,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Notes","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133885079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant status, hematology, performance, organ and carcass evaluation of heat-stressed broiler chickens fed with dietary Bambusa vulgaris leaf meal","authors":"F. Okeniyi, Bolanle Adeniran, R. Animashahun, R. Okocha, S. Olawoye, O. Alabi, O. Oke, A. Shoyombo, E. Babarinde","doi":"10.5455/vrn.2023.c25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/vrn.2023.c25","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of bamboo leaf meal (BLM) in broiler chicken feed to alleviate heat stress. \u0000Materials and Methods: This investigation was conducted following institutional policies guiding the handling of animals as approved for scientific research. 150 heat-stressed Arbor Acres broiler chickens were divided randomly into five dietary treatments, T1–T5, of 30 per treatment and 10 per replicate, to determine the consequence of feeding BLM on health and performance. Birds in T1–T4 were fed 0%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% BLM-included diets, respectively, while T5 had a 0.2% vitamin C-included diet. \u0000Results: Increasing dietary BLM positively impacted body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion rate (FCR), and stress indices levels. Broiler chickens had better feed intake (267 gm), weight gain (1,504 gm), and FCR (3.64) in T4. Serum glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde levels were not statistically different with increasing dietary BLM, while corticosterone levels were lower for chickens fed with dietary BLM. The superoxide dismutase index levels did not follow a particular pattern as dietary BLM increased. The hematology, carcass, and organ quality were unaffected by dietary BLM inclusion. \u0000Conclusion: BLM inclusions up to 2% in the broiler diet ameliorate heat stress conditions and improve performance without imposing any detrimental impact on the birds.","PeriodicalId":185194,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Notes","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130234833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology with antibiogram profile of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli isolated from mastitic milk of dairy cows in Tangail District, Bangladesh","authors":"Mizanur Rahman, M. Rahman, M. Ahmed","doi":"10.5455/vrn.2022.b17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/vrn.2022.b17","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The purpose of this study is to find out the epidemiological phenomenon of mastitis in dairy cattle and identify the most common pathogens, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, in clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle with their antibiotic profiles of several selected areas of Tangail District, Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: A total of 250 lactating cows were examined in the study area, 28 of which had clinical mastitis, determined by the physical characteristics of milk and udder. Meanwhile, 205 suspected lactating cows were tested for subclinical mastitis using the California Mastitis Test, and 54 were positive. Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli were isolated and identified by conventional techniques such as bacterial culture, Gram stain, and biochemical test. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the disk diffusion method. Results: This study reported clinical and subclinical mastitis prevalence as 11.20% (28/250) and 26.34% (54/205), respectively. Out of 72 milk samples, 26 (36.11%) were positive for S. aureus, 15 (20.83%) for E. coli, 22 (30.56%) for mixed organisms, and 9 (12.5%) were unidentified organisms. This study also showed that Friesian cross-breeds cows, the cows with parity 1 to 3, early stage of lactation, and high-yielding dairy cows were significantly more susceptible to mastitis. Antibiogram studies revealed that 85.42% of S. aureus and 64.86% of E. coli were multiple drug resistant (MDR). The S. aureus was found to be highly sensitive to gentamicin (CN) (95.83%) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) (54.17%) and resistant to ceftriaxone (CRO) (75.0%) and oxacillin (68.75%). On the other hand, the E. coli was highly sensitive to CN (97.30%) and CIP (75.68%) and resistant to streptomycin, CRO, and oxacillin at 56.76%. Conclusion: The results of this study may help governments and livestock agencies to ensure that registered veterinarians only prescribe dairy cows and to make farmers aware of mastitis. This will help reduce MDR and prevent threats to human health from consuming milk. Therefore, the rational use of CN and CIP is recommended to effectively resolve most disease cases in dairy cattle.","PeriodicalId":185194,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Notes","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124037303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of locally based and imported lick stones on the growth and economic productivity of African dwarf sheep during the dry season in Benin","authors":"Faustin Dokui, S. Babatound, F. Houndonougbo, Fiacre Amoule, C. Chrysostome","doi":"10.5455/vrn.2023.c24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/vrn.2023.c24","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to make and compare the effects and economic viability of lick stones based on local feedstuffs and imported ones. \u0000Materials and Methods: Two-lick stones (minerals and multi-nutritional) based on local feedstuffs were made. An imported lick stone (ILS) was purchased at a local market. Four dietary treatments (the three different lick stones and a control group) were established, with six dwarf sheep receiving each treatment. The experiment was carried out over 90 days. Growth and economic parameters were calculated and compared. \u0000Results: The feed intake of sheep in the multi-nutritional lick stone group was better than that of the other groups. The feed conversion ratio was best for the lick stones made with local feedstuffs. The economic return (economic feed efficiency) was best for the mineral lick stone. For a unit of money invested in the feed supplements, the sheep fed with lick stone based on local feedstuffs have been allowed to gain 100.21 basic monetary unit of some West African countries more than the ones fed with imported feeds (p < 0.05). \u0000Conclusion: It is not desirable to use ILS because the economic and growth performance of sheep fed with the ILS was even lower than that of the non-supplemented sheep.","PeriodicalId":185194,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Notes","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128725416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular detection, antibiogram, and risk factor analysis of Staphylococcus aureus from subclinical mastitis of goats in conventional and organized farms","authors":"M. Zihad, M. Shahid, M. Mahmud, A. Kabir, M. Kamal, J. Naim, M. Hossen, K. Nazir","doi":"10.5455/vrn.2021.a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/vrn.2021.a4","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The goal of this study was to isolate, molecularly identify, and antibiogram of Staphylococcus aureus, as well as to investigate risk factors for subclinical mastitis in the Jhenaidah and Chuadanga districts of Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 milk samples were collected from apparently healthy goats at various farms in the Jhenaidah and Chuadanga districts. To detect samples with subclinical mastitis (SCM), the California Mastitis Test (CMT) was done. S. aureus was isolated and identified from milk samples that tested positive for CMT using a combination of standard bacteriological examinations, biochemical tests, and PCR confirmation. The disc diffusion test was used to determine the antibiogram status of the isolates. The risk factors for SCM in goats were analyzed using a semi-structured questionnaire with thirteen variables. Results: Some characteristics were significantly associated with goat mastitis, including farm, breed, shed construction, floor surface condition, and farm adviser. The CMT identified 52 positive samples for SCM, with 73.07% (n = 38/52) suggesting the presence of the nuc gene. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that the isolated S. aureus was totally resistant to the antibiotics Penicillin, Oxacillin, and Vancomycin (21%). On the other hand, Tetracycline, Gentamycin, Norfloxacin, and Levofloxacin were all susceptible to all isolates. Conclusion: SCM is a severe problem in goats in Jhenaidah and Chuadanga districts. To minimize the risk of SCM infection in goats, hygiene precautions can be followed, and education among goat farm owners and farmers can be improved. ARTICLE HISTORY","PeriodicalId":185194,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Notes","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130257273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of smallholder chicken feeding practices, available feeds, and evaluation of locally used mixtures in two districts of South Omo Zone, Ethiopia","authors":"Elias Gonta, M. Urge, M. Girma","doi":"10.5455/vrn.2022.b10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/vrn.2022.b10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":185194,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Notes","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127898123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidrug-resistant and potentially virulent Gram-negative bacilli recovered from urine of slaughtered cattle in Makurdi, Nigeria","authors":"C. Akwuobu, E. Ngbede, Patience D. Iortyer, Levi M. Mamfe, R. Ofukwu","doi":"10.5455/vrn.2023.c26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/vrn.2023.c26","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Many reports of bacteriuria in domestic animals allude that animals may serve as hosts and means of spreading zoonotic pathogenic and multidrug-resistant bacteria via contamination of the environment with their urine. This cross-sectional study determined the bacterial load of urine from slaughtered cattle. It investigated the resistance to antimicrobials and pathogenicity potentials of the Gram-negative bacteria recovered from urine samples. \u0000Materials and Methods: Urine samples were obtained from 52 slaughtered cattle at the Wurukum Abattoir, Makurdi, Benue State, within a month. Standard microbiological procedures were used to process the samples for the isolation and identification of bacteria. Disc diffusion technique was used to determine the antibiogram of the isolates. Standard procedures also were deployed to examine the expression of virulence factors. \u0000Results: Bacteria were isolated from 20 of the 52 urine samples, with the positive samples yield¬ing total aerobic and coliform counts of 2.8 × 103 − 9.1 ×105 and 2.5 × 102 − 3.3 × 105 CFU/ml, respectively. Species of Gram-negative bacilli identified were Escherichia coli (n = 10), Tatumella ptyseous (n = 4), Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 2), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 1). The isolates were all resistant to at least three antimicrobial classes. All the isolates were resistant to the bac¬tericidal action of the serum, while 2 (11.8%) were hemolytic on blood agar. \u0000Conclusion: Adequate veterinary examination of slaughtered cattle before presenting for slaugh¬ter is imperative to reduce the contamination of the meat and environment with the urine of cattle with elevated levels of bacteriuria.","PeriodicalId":185194,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Notes","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131738588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-infectivity of Theileria annulata and Theileria lestoquardi between cattle and sheep in the field in Sudan","authors":"K. Taha, Ahkam Mohammad, Nihal M. Ebrahim, Limia Hag, Fadwa M. Elsheikh, M. Hussien, S. Mohammed","doi":"10.5455/vrn.2022.b12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/vrn.2022.b12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":185194,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Notes","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117054629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}