Research Report. International Water Management Institute最新文献

{"title":"Glacier systems and seasonal snow cover in six major Asian river basins: hydrological role under changing climate","authors":"O. Savoskul, V. Smakhtin","doi":"10.5337/2013.204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5337/2013.204","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":185153,"journal":{"name":"Research Report. International Water Management Institute","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121097860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land reforms and feminization of agricultural labor in Sughd province, Tajikistan","authors":"Nozilakhon Mukhamedova, K. Wegerich","doi":"10.5337/2014.208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5337/2014.208","url":null,"abstract":"This report analyzes the influence of agrarian transformations on the feminization of agricultural production in rural Tajikistan. It explores women’s multiple labor relations for meeting basic needs of the household. The evidence shows that households have to depend on more types of agricultural work to secure day-to-day as well as long-term livelihood security. Overall, feminization appears in different types and groupings. The implication is that women in agriculture might not be adequately targeted in policies or integrated within intervention programs.","PeriodicalId":185153,"journal":{"name":"Research Report. International Water Management Institute","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123673711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-cost options for reducing consumer health risks from farm to fork where crops are irrigated with polluted water in West Africa","authors":"P. Amoah, B. Keraita, M. Akple, P. Drechsel, R. Abaidoo, F. Konradsen","doi":"10.5337/2011.201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5337/2011.201","url":null,"abstract":"To identify interventions which reduce health risks of consumers where highly polluted irrigation water is used to irrigate vegetables in West Africa, scientists worked over 5 years with farmers, market traders and street food vendors in Ghana. The most promising low-cost interventions with high adoption potential were analyzed for their ability to reduce common levels of pathogens (counts of fecal coliforms and helminth eggs). The analysis showed the combination potential of various interventions, especially on-farm and during vegetable washing in line with the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. The tested market-based interventions were important to prevent new or additional contamination.","PeriodicalId":185153,"journal":{"name":"Research Report. International Water Management Institute","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128354552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land and water productivity of wheat in the Western Indo-Gangetic Plains of India and Pakistan: a comparative analysis","authors":"I. Hussain, R. Sakthivadivel, U. Amarasinghe, M. Mudasser, D. Molden","doi":"10.1079/9780851996691.0255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1079/9780851996691.0255","url":null,"abstract":"In Kijne, J. W.; Barker, R.; Molden. D. (Eds.). Water productivity in agriculture: limits and opportunities for improvement. Wallingford, UK: CABI; Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI)Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture Series 1","PeriodicalId":185153,"journal":{"name":"Research Report. International Water Management Institute","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129958463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glacier systems and seasonal snow cover in six major Asian river basins: water storage properties under changing climate","authors":"O. Savoskul, V. Smakhtin","doi":"10.5337/2013.203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5337/2013.203","url":null,"abstract":"The publications in this series cover a wide range of subjects—from computer modeling to experience with water user associations—and vary in content from directly applicable research to more basic studies, on which applied work ultimately depends. Some research reports are narrowly focused, analytical and detailed empirical studies; others are wide-ranging and synthetic overviews of generic problems. Although most of the reports are published by IWMI staff and their collaborators, we welcome contributions from others. Each report is reviewed internally by IWMI staff, and by external reviewers. The reports are published and distributed both in hard copy and electronically (www.iwmi.org) and where possible all data and analyses will be available as separate downloadable files. Reports may be copied freely and cited with due acknowledgment. About IWMI IWMI's mission is to improve the management of land and water resources for food, livelihoods and the environment. In serving this mission, IWMI concentrates on the integration of policies, technologies and management systems to achieve workable solutions to real problems—practical, relevant results in the field of irrigation and water and land resources. Glacier systems and seasonal snow cover in six major Asian river basins: water storage properties under changing climate. / glaciers / monitoring / seasonality / snow cover / river basins / climate change / impact assessment / remote sensing / water resources / water availability / water storage / hydrological cycle / mountains / surveys / models / institutions / Asia / during the search for published literature and in primary data acquisition, or both. Online resources of NSIDC, World Glacier Monitoring Service (WGMS) and ICIMOD were extensively used, and Graham Cogley (Trent University, Canada) is thanked, in particular, for sharing the World Glacier Inventory-Extended Format (WGI-XF). The assistance of Ameer Rajah and Salman Siddiqui (both of IWMI, Colombo) was essential in downloading and processing data on seasonal snow. Switzerland) for many fruitful discussions and valuable advice. Constructive comments and criticism of two anonymous reviewers and Peter McCornick (IWMI, Colombo) are gratefully acknowledged. The authors are also indebted to the late Mark Dyurgerov (University of Colorado Boulder, USA) for sharing his ideas and general insights years before this study materialized.","PeriodicalId":185153,"journal":{"name":"Research Report. International Water Management Institute","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122273969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Assessment of Groundwater Use for Improving Livelihoods in the Dry Zone of Myanmar","authors":"P. Pavelic, S. S. Sellamuttu, R. Johnston, M. McCartney, T. Sotoukee, S. Balasubramanya, Diana Suhardiman, G. Lacombe, S. Douangsavanh, O. Joffre, K. Latt, A. K. Zan, K. Thein, A. Myint, C. Cho, Y. Htut","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.229608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.229608","url":null,"abstract":"In the Dry Zone of Myanmar, improved access to water is widely acknowledged as being vital for livelihood enhancement and the general well-being of around 10 million people, most of whom depend on agriculture. Thus, expanding the sustainable use of groundwater is of great importance for socioeconomic development. According to this study, opportunities for accessing groundwater are generally good, and development of the resource has steadily increased over the years. However, there still appears to be good prospects for expanding groundwater use for irrigation, with a view to increasing agricultural production. Provision of affordable mechanical technologies for drilling wells and support with credit facilities to purchase small-capacity motorized pumps for irrigation could improve food security and livelihoods, where there is potential to expand groundwater use. Replenishable groundwater resources of the Dry Zone are likely to be less than previously thought. Thus, it is important to find the right balance between increasing development of the resource for enhanced irrigation, while also protecting its existing beneficial use for communities and the environment.","PeriodicalId":185153,"journal":{"name":"Research Report. International Water Management Institute","volume":"8 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123686497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A participatory approach for hydrometeorological monitoring in the Blue Nile River Basin of Ethiopia","authors":"Birhanu Zemadim, M. McCartney, S. Langan, B. Sharma","doi":"10.5337/2014.200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5337/2014.200","url":null,"abstract":"Participatory research is increasingly recognized as being useful for conducting multiple activities in research for development projects. The co-learning environment created in participatory research helps to identify existing social and technological gaps, and develop possible solutions to improve the livelihoods of rural communities. This report describes a participatory approach used in the establishment and implementation of hydrometeorological monitoring networks in the Blue Nile River Basin of Ethiopia. The networks were established with the involvement of rural communities and other stakeholders to gain insights into the hydrological processes of the watersheds, in order to improve rainwater management strategies. Local people were involved in the day-to-day management and maintenance of the networks. The participatory approach proved beneficial for several reasons, not least, because it instilled trust and goodwill amongst the communities.","PeriodicalId":185153,"journal":{"name":"Research Report. International Water Management Institute","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116459512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying the Gini Coefficient to measure inequality of water use in the Olifants River water management area, South Africa","authors":"James Cullis, Barbara van Koppen","doi":"10.5771/9783845212890-91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/9783845212890-91","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":185153,"journal":{"name":"Research Report. International Water Management Institute","volume":"109 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114122461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of current and future water resources development in the Lake Tana Basin, Ethiopia","authors":"M. McCartney, T. Alemayehu, A. Shiferaw, S. Awulachew","doi":"10.3910/2010.204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3910/2010.204","url":null,"abstract":"Lake Tana, located in the headwaters of the Blue Nile, is valuable for many people including the communities who live around the lakeshore and those who live immediately downstream. The area has been identified as a region for hydropower and irrigation development, vital for economic growth in Ethiopia. A multidisciplinary study was conducted to assess the possible impacts of this development. This study found that current development has benefited some local people but adversely affected others. Future development will exacerbate pressure on the lake. Hard choices must be made about how the water is best utilized. It is important that all stakeholders, including local people, are involved in the decision-making process.","PeriodicalId":185153,"journal":{"name":"Research Report. International Water Management Institute","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130214968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An assessment of crop water productivity in the Indus and Ganges River Basins: current status and scope for improvement","authors":"Xueliang L. Cai, B. Sharma, M. Matin, D. Sharma, S. Gunasinghe","doi":"10.5337/2010.232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5337/2010.232","url":null,"abstract":"The Indus and Ganges River Basin, being the most populous in the world, is under extreme pressure to sustain food security. Production resources including water are being exploited to various levels from underdevelopment to heavy overexploitation. This report provides a bird’s eye view of the basin and focuses on the nexus between agricultural production and water consumption, making it possible to pinpoint the areas with high/low water productivity and identify the factors behind this, which helps to promote informed decision making in light of environmental sustainability.","PeriodicalId":185153,"journal":{"name":"Research Report. International Water Management Institute","volume":"155 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122316380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}