Research Report. International Water Management Institute最新文献

{"title":"Quantifying the services of natural and built infrastructure in the context of climate change: the case of the Tana River Basin, Kenya","authors":"M. McCartney, S. Foudi, L. Muthuwatta, Aditya, Sood, Gijs Simons, Johannes Hunink, Kim Vercruysse, Christine Omuombo","doi":"10.5337/2019.200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5337/2019.200","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":185153,"journal":{"name":"Research Report. International Water Management Institute","volume":"7 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122606766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A hybrid approach to decolonize formal water law in Africa.","authors":"B. Koppen, B. Schreiner","doi":"10.5337/2018.219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5337/2018.219","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have pursued national water permit systems, derived from the colonial era and reinforced by “global best practice.” These systems have proved logistically impossible to manage and have worsened inequality in water access. A new study conducted by the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) and Pegasys Institute, with support from the UK government, traces the origins of these systems, and describes their implementation and consequences for rural smallholders in five countries – Kenya, Malawi, South Africa, Uganda and Zimbabwe. The authors of this report propose a hybrid water use rights system to decolonize Africa’s water law, lighten the administrative burden on the state and make legal access to water more equitable. This would strengthen smallholder irrigation, which is vital for boosting Africa’s food production and making it more resilient in the face of worsening drought.","PeriodicalId":185153,"journal":{"name":"Research Report. International Water Management Institute","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123249663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban wastewater and agricultural reuse challenges in India","authors":"P. Amerasinghe, R. M. Bhardwaj, C. Scott, Kiran Jella, F. Marshall","doi":"10.5337/2013.200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5337/2013.200","url":null,"abstract":"Urban wastewater management has become a challenge in India as infrastructural development and regulations have not kept pace with population growth and urbanization. Annually, more and more people are moving into cities, and the figures are expected to reach about 600 million by 2030 making India more peri-urban than rural. This study attempted to analyze the current status of wastewater generation, its uses and livelihood benefits especially in agriculture, based on national data and case studies from Ahmedabad, New Delhi, Hyderabad, Kanpur and Kolkata.","PeriodicalId":185153,"journal":{"name":"Research Report. International Water Management Institute","volume":"103 51","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113945475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change, out-migration and agrarian stress: the potential for upscaling small-scale water storage in Nepal","authors":"F. Sugden, L. Shrestha, L. Bharati, Pabitra Gurung, L. Maharjan, John Janmaat, J. I. Price, T. Sherpa, U. Bhattarai, Shishir Koirala, Basu Timilsina","doi":"10.5337/2014.210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5337/2014.210","url":null,"abstract":"The publications in this series cover a wide range of subjects—from computer modeling to experience with water user associations—and vary in content from directly applicable research to more basic studies, on which applied work ultimately depends. Some research reports are narrowly focused, analytical and detailed empirical studies; others are wide-ranging and synthetic overviews of generic problems. Although most of the reports are published by IWMI staff and their collaborators, we welcome contributions from others. Each report is reviewed internally by IWMI staff, and by external reviewers. The reports are published and distributed both in hard copy and electronically (www.iwmi.org) and where possible all data and analyses will be available as separate downloadable files. Reports may be copied freely and cited with due acknowledgment. About IWMI IWMI's mission is to improve the management of land and water resources for food, livelihoods and the environment. In serving this mission, IWMI concentrates on the integration of policies, technologies and management systems to achieve workable solutions to real problems—practical, relevant results in the field of irrigation and water and land resources. Climate change, out-migration and agrarian stress: the potential for upscaling small-scale water storage in Nepal. IWMI encourages the use of its material provided that the organization is acknowledged and kept informed in all such instances. Front cover photograph shows a plastic storage pond and irrigated vegetable cultivation in Moli, Okhaldhunga District, Nepal (photo: Fraser Sugden). Acknowledgements The core part of this study was funded by the Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development (Canadian International Development Agency). Invaluable support in data collection was provided by Prabin Ghimire (former consultant with IWMI-Nepal), Pratibha Sapkota (former consultant with IWMI-Nepal) and Ramesh Tamang (IWMI-Nepal). The authors are grateful for the field support provided by local contacts in the study districts including Amrit Magar, Tika Rai and Saroj Bomjan, and would like to thank Rajendra Shrestha, Rajendra Uprety, the field office staff at the Water and Energy Commission Secretariat (WECS) in Chautara, and the Department of Irrigation in Kathmandu, all of whom provided logistical advice and local expertise. The valuable feedback and comments provided by Brady MacCarl (former intern with IWMI-Nepal) and Vladimir Smakhtin (Theme Leader – Water Availability and Access, IWMI) are greatly appreciated. The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) provided future climate projections, which were used in the analysis of climate change. CCAFS also supported the latter part of …","PeriodicalId":185153,"journal":{"name":"Research Report. International Water Management Institute","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115485973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landlordism, tenants and the groundwater sector: lessons from Tarai-Madhesh, Nepal","authors":"F. Sugden","doi":"10.5337/2015.204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5337/2015.204","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":185153,"journal":{"name":"Research Report. International Water Management Institute","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117353495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water productivity in context: the experiences of Taiwan and the Philippines over the past half-century","authors":"R. Barker, G. Levine","doi":"10.5337/2012.206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5337/2012.206","url":null,"abstract":"As we enter an era of increasing water scarcity, there is a growing interest to find ways to capture and put water to more productive uses. Substantial increases in the productivity of water in agriculture are needed to meet the demands for food and ensure environmental security, and to satisfy the demands for non-agricultural uses. However, increasing water productivity in rice-dominated agriculture is a function of the irrigation infrastructure, advances in rice-plant breeding, and the physical, institutional and socioeconomic environments. This paper first describes the potential ways in which increased water productivity can be achieved in the context of rice production in Asia. It then illustrates the ways in which the differences in the environmental context affect the ability to increase water productivity, the approaches used and the incentives to do so. This is explained using two ‘case studies’ reflecting the experiences of Taiwan and the Philippines over the past half-century.","PeriodicalId":185153,"journal":{"name":"Research Report. International Water Management Institute","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121996870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change, water and agriculture in the Greater Mekong subregion","authors":"R. Johnston, G. Lacombe, C. T. Hoanh, A. Noble, P. Pavelic, V. Smakhtin, Diana Suhardiman, S. Kam, P. Choo","doi":"10.5337/2010.212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5337/2010.212","url":null,"abstract":"Research Reports The publications in this series cover a wide range of subjects—from computer modeling to experience with water user associations—and vary in content from directly applicable research to more basic studies, on which applied work ultimately depends. Some research reports are narrowly focused, analytical and detailed empirical studies; others are wide-ranging and synthetic overviews of generic problems. Although most of the reports are published by IWMI staff and their collaborators, we welcome contributions from others. Each report is reviewed internally by IWMI staff, and by external reviewers. The reports are published and distributed both in hard copy and electronically (www.iwmi.org) and where possible all data and analyses will be available as separate downloadable files. Reports may be copied freely and cited with due acknowledgment. About IWMI IWMI's mission is to improve the management of land and water resources for food, livelihoods and the environment. In serving this mission, IWMI concentrates on the integration of policies, technologies and management systems to achieve workable solutions to real problems—practical, relevant results in the field of irrigation and water and land resources. / climate change / water resource management / adaptation / indicators / river basins / water availability / water quality / groundwater / fisheries / ecosystems / water power / population growth / irrigation growth / South East Asia / Greater Mekong Subregion / Acknowledgements This report is partially drawn from a broader study commissioned by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) on the interactions between agriculture, environment and climate change in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), reported in Johnston et al. 2009. We gratefully acknowledge funding provided by Sida. We are also grateful to Sumith Fernando, Sarath Gunasinghe (IWMI, Colombo) and Sreedhar Acharya (IWMI, Hyderabad) for redrawing maps and diagrams; and to Kingsley Kurukulasuriya for editing the final draft of the document. Partners The following organizations collaborated in the research conducted for this report. Water Management I n t e r n a t i o n a l I n s t i t u t e v v Contents Acronyms vi Summary vii Introduction 1","PeriodicalId":185153,"journal":{"name":"Research Report. International Water Management Institute","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123659784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of government policies on land use in Northern Vietnam: an institutional approach for understanding farmer decisions","authors":"F. Clement, J. Amezaga, D. Orange, T. D. Toan","doi":"10.3910/2009.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3910/2009.112","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":185153,"journal":{"name":"Research Report. International Water Management Institute","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115568058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shallow groundwater in the Atankwidi Catchment of the White Volta Basin: current status and future sustainability","authors":"B. Barry, B. Kortatsi, G. Forkuor, M. Gumma, R. Namara, L. Rebelo, J. V. D. Berg, W. Laube","doi":"10.5337/2010.234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5337/2010.234","url":null,"abstract":"The Atankwidi Catchment, which lies in the White Volta Basin in West Africa, is intensively cultivated by locals for economic gains. During dry seasons, farmers irrigate their crops, chiefly tomatoes, using shallow groundwater harvested from shallow ponds they dig using simple tools like an axe, hoe, bucket and bowls. Recent expansion in cultivated areas has brought to the fore the need to estimate the volume of shallow groundwater stored in the catchment’s underlying aquifer and to what extent it can sustain the incremental growth in irrigated areas.","PeriodicalId":185153,"journal":{"name":"Research Report. International Water Management Institute","volume":"724 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122995934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bailout with white revolution or sink deeper? Groundwater depletion and impacts in the Moga District of Punjab, India.","authors":"U. Amarasinghe, V. Smakhtin, B. Sharma, N. Eriyagama","doi":"10.5337/2010.229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5337/2010.229","url":null,"abstract":"Moga District in Punjab, India, is a microcosm of the twin story of irrigation-induced growth and stress. The groundwater consumptive water use in agriculture exceeds the recharge by a substantial margin. Rice production contributes to a major part of this difference. The groundwater depletion is so critical that diversifying agriculture is the only way forward for sustainable agricultural growth. Reducing the rice area and intensifying milk production will be a win-win situation for both the farmers and the area reeling with a groundwater crisis.","PeriodicalId":185153,"journal":{"name":"Research Report. International Water Management Institute","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132268698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}