{"title":"A","authors":"Cao, Sio","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv9hvsfz.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv9hvsfz.5","url":null,"abstract":"The fabrication of conventional concrete, as well as remains from demolition, has a high environmental impact. This paper assessed the eco-efficiency of concrete made with uncarbonated recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) and fly ash (FA). Two concrete series were produced with an effective water/cement ratio of 0.50 (Series 1) and 0.40 (Series 2). In both series, concretes were produced using 0% and 50% of RCA with 0%, 25% and 50% FA. After analysing the compressive strength, and carbonation and chloride resistance of those concretes, their eco-efficiency based on the binder intensity and CO2-eq intensity was assessed. We found that the use of 50% uncarbonated RCA improved the properties of concretes produced with FA with respect to using natural aggregates. The concrete made of 25% FA plus RCA was considered the most eco-efficient based on the tests of compressive, carbonation and chloride properties with the values of 4.1 kg CO2 m−3 MPa−1, 76.3 kg CO2 m−3 mm−1 year0.5 and 0.079 kg CO2 m−3 C−1, respectively. The uncarbonated RCA improved carbonation resistance, and FA improved chloride resistance. It can be concluded that the use of 50% un-carbonated RCA combined with FA considerably enhanced the properties of hardened concrete and their eco-efficiency with respect to concretes produced with natural aggregates.","PeriodicalId":184463,"journal":{"name":"Pangasinan Dictionary","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123851712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"I","authors":"Abdul Hakim, Nanang Sobarna, Agustini Solihatin","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv9hvsfz.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv9hvsfz.12","url":null,"abstract":"The practice of wakalah and hiwalah is something that often occurs in mu'amalah activities carried out by many people, both Muslims and non-Muslims. However, specifically for the Muslim community, these two practices must be adjusted to the demands of sharia. Both things are related to economic activities, so it is necessary how they are applied in Islamic economic activities. In this paper, apart from defining or basic understanding of wakalah and hiwalah, various problems and problems that occur in the field will also be discussed. The resolution of these problems, apart from referring to what happened at the time of the Prophet Muhammad, also refers to the fatwas of ulama, especially Indonesian ulemas who are members of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI), in this case the one who has more authority to handle it is the National Sharia Council (DSN). The methodology used is qualitative. By taking a study of manuscripts and various source documents, then they are connected with phenomena that occur in society, so that there is an action research effort in this writing.","PeriodicalId":184463,"journal":{"name":"Pangasinan Dictionary","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130956657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdulkadir Macit, F. Sezgīn, M. Hamîdullah, Necmettin Erbakan
{"title":"S","authors":"Abdulkadir Macit, F. Sezgīn, M. Hamîdullah, Necmettin Erbakan","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv9hvsfz.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv9hvsfz.20","url":null,"abstract":"Öz: Son iki asırdır dünyaya egemen olan modernizm iktisadi, siyasi ve içtimai eşitsizlikler üretmekte; insanlığın ihtiyaç duyduğu adaleti getirmek bir yana zulmün ve ifsadın temelini oluşturmaktadır. Bu temel ile birlikte Batılılar, İslam dünyasının tahrifatı ve ardından işgali neticesinde modernitenin unsurları olan hümanist, rasyonel, sekülarist, ilerlemeci ve pozitif bilim anlayışını İslâm dünyasına zerk etmişlerdir. Bütün bunlardan dolayı Müslümanlar birkaç asırdır bir aşağılık kompleksi ve özgüven problemi içinde yaşamaktadır. Modernitenin insanlığa verdiği bu zararlar Müslümanların ilmî sahadan geri çekilmesiyle de katlanarak artmaktadır. Bu artışı durdurmak için insanlığın modernite ile birlikte kopardığı hakikatlere yeniden bir dönüş gerekmektedir. Sorunun çözümü için öncelikle insanlık tarihinde 800 yıl büyük bir rol oynayan bir medeniyetin mensubu olan insanların, bütün bunların nasıl olduğunu ortaya koyması ve bu medeniyeti geliştiren bilginleri, ekolleri ve süreçleri bilmeleri gerekmektedir. Bunun için eğitim ve kültür algısında eğitim kurumlarında verilenlerden daha öte makro bir anlayış geliştirmek zorunluluğu bulunmaktadır. Eğitimden kastedilen salt sistematik örgün bir talim değil, zihniyetlerin her yaşta ıslah edilmesi ve modernitenin ifsadına maruz bırakılmamasıdır. Geçerli bir ilmî perspektif için çağın ilmî gelişmelerini de takip etmek gerekmektedir. Elbette bu yapılırken ne moderniteye göre (muhafazakâr modernleşme çabaları) ne onun için (batıcı modernleşme çabaları) ne de ona karşı (muhafazakâr çabalar) tavır içine girmeden İslam’da özgün olanı ortaya koyabilir, ayrıca modern olan da kullanılabilir ise modernitenin ifsadı izale edilmiş olacaktır. Zira Müslümanlar uygarlık kurduklarında kendilerinden önceki bütün tecrübelerden faydalandılar. Kendilerini onlara göre veya karşı durmak zorunda konumlandırmadılar. O süreçte dünya toplumlarından bilinçli olarak beslendiklerini kavramamız gerekmektedir.","PeriodicalId":184463,"journal":{"name":"Pangasinan Dictionary","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129605103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Gugliandolo, A. Peritore, C. Piras, Salvatore Cuzzocrea, R. Crupi
{"title":"R","authors":"E. Gugliandolo, A. Peritore, C. Piras, Salvatore Cuzzocrea, R. Crupi","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv9hvsfz.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv9hvsfz.19","url":null,"abstract":"Virtually every cellular process is affected by diet and this represents the foundation of dietary management to a variety of small animal disorders. Special attention is currently being paid to a family of naturally occurring lipid amides acting through the so-called autacoid local injury antagonism, i.e., the ALIA mechanism. The parent molecule of ALIAmides, palmitoyl ethanolamide (PEA), has being known since the 1950s as a nutritional factor with protective properties. Since then, PEA has been isolated from a variety of plant and animal food sources and its proresolving function in the mammalian body has been increasingly investigated. The discovery of the close interconnection between ALIAmides and the endocannabinoid system has greatly stimulated research efforts in this field. The multitarget and highly redundant mechanisms through which PEA exerts prohomeostatic functions fully breaks with the classical pharmacology view of “one drug, one target, one disease”, opening a new era in the management of animals’ health, i.e., an accordingto-nature biomodulation of body responses to different stimuli and injury. The present review focuses on the direct and indirect endocannabinoid receptor agonism by PEA and its analogues and also targets the main findings from experimental and clinical studies on ALIAmides in animal health and wellbeing.","PeriodicalId":184463,"journal":{"name":"Pangasinan Dictionary","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134064126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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