Medizinische Klinik最新文献

{"title":"[Frontotemporal dementia].","authors":"Raguna Nagy, J. Heuckmann, H. Mennel, J. Klosterkötter, J. Kuhn","doi":"10.32388/009133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/009133","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Among the primary degenerative dementias, frontotemporal dementia (FTD, Pick's disease) is very important along with Alzheimer's disease. The estimated prevalence is 15:100,000 in the 45- to 64-year-old population; thus, it appears that the FTD as a cause for so-called presenile dementia is nearly as common as Alzheimer's disease.\u0000\u0000\u0000CASE REPORT\u0000The case of a 52-year-old woman is described that presented with slowly progressive lack of concentration and disturbance of memory. Furthermore, the immediate family had noticed a change in her premorbid personality. Due to additional depressive symptoms, she was misdiagnosed with depressive pseudodementia first.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Since the clinical presentation of FTD is variable and the correct classification has been uncertain for a long time, clinical diagnosis can be very difficult, so that the disease is often detected too late or remains completely misdiagnosed. On this basis, pathology, clinical aspects, diagnosis, and therapeutic options of FTD will be demonstrated according to current standards of knowledge.","PeriodicalId":18420,"journal":{"name":"Medizinische Klinik","volume":"194 1","pages":"816-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76056585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Hepatic encephalopathy].","authors":"P. Hilgard, G. Gerken","doi":"10.1002/9781119376293.ch114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119376293.ch114","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) may develop within the course of acute or chronic liver failure and is characterized by a complex of psychomotor symptoms. In addition, HE can be induced by portocaval shunting even in the absence of any apparent liver disease. HE is caused by substances, which are either reabsorbed from the gut or are a product of the body metabolism. Normally, these substances are effectively eliminated during their first passage through the liver. However, a decreasing number of functional hepatocytes or the presence of portocaval collaterals in liver disease may significantly impair hepatic detoxification. Ammonia seems to take a central position in the pathogenesis of HE, although the exact cerebral effects of this metabolite are still not known in detail. The actual pathogenetic hypotheses are subject of this review. Depending on the underlying liver disease, HE is divided into an acute and a chronic form. Chronic HE may be present as a persistent or an episodic form, the latter being usually induced by defined precipitating factors, such as diet failures, infection and gastrointestinal-bleeding. With regard to the psychomotor symptoms and the coma depth, the clinical picture is classified into five grades (West Haven criteria). Diagnosis is made by clinical examination of the mental status after relevant differential diagnoses have been excluded. The only causal therapeutic option in the presence of acute or chronic liver failure is liver transplantation. Therefore, the indication for transplantation has to be evaluated in all forms of HE. Symptomatic treatment has three principal aims: (1) stabilization of circulation, oxygen supply, blood sugar and nutrition; (2) identification of the precipitating factor and its removal; (3) reduction of ammonia and other potential toxins in the circulation. In the case of acute HE, these therapeutic aims are complemented by an effective prophylaxis or therapy of brain edema.","PeriodicalId":18420,"journal":{"name":"Medizinische Klinik","volume":"44 1","pages":"591-602"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90719368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[ON CHILD ABUSE].","authors":"E. Trube-Becker","doi":"10.1542/9781610022569-part08-ch51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/9781610022569-part08-ch51","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18420,"journal":{"name":"Medizinische Klinik","volume":"14 1","pages":"1649-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74571039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) inhibition impairs synaptic plasticity via seizure protein 6 (SZE6)","authors":"Kaichuan Zhu","doi":"10.5282/edoc.22142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5282/edoc.22142","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder among the elderly. Amyloid-β is thought to be one of the causative factors for AD, which is produced by BACE1 (Beta-secretase) initiated sequential proteolytic cleavage of APP. BACE1 inhibition is one of the promising therapeutic approaches for AD. Currently, several BACE1 inhibitors are undergoing Phase 2/3 clinical trials. However, prolonged BACE1 inhibition interferes structural and functional synaptic plasticity in mice, most likely due to the interrupted metabolism of BACE1 substrates. Seizure protein 6 (SEZ6) is predominantly cleaved by BACE1. Furthermore, Sez6 null mice share some phenotype with BACE1-inhibited mice including reduced dendritic spine density in cortex and diminished performance in hippocampal-dependent behavioral tests. In order to shed more light on the function of SEZ6, we analyzed the dendritic spine structure and synaptic plasticity in constitutive (Sez6-/-:GFP-M) and conditional (Sez6cKO/cKO:SlickV) Sez6 KO mice. In vivo two photon microscopy data showed that lack of SEZ6 induces a dose dependent alteration of dendritic spine density and morphology in adult mice. To rule out developmental deficits and identify which SEZ6 proteolytic fragments are involved we monitored spine density in Sez6cKO/cKO:SlickV mice. The tamoxifen-inducible recombinase CreERT2 and eYFP are co-expressed in a small subset of neurons in SlickV mice. By applying tamoxifen, Sez6 was knockout specifically in eYFP positive neurons in adult mice. It caused a small but significant spine density reduction. Electrophysiological field recordings in hippocampus CA1 region showed that SEZ6 is involved in synaptic transmission and LTP mainly due to post-synaptic mechanism. To study the dendritic spine plasticity in Sez6-/-:GFP-M mice, we repeatedly imaged the apical tufts of layer V pyramidal neurons in the cerebral cortex in both normal condition and environmental enrichment condition by intravital two-photon microscopy. Sez6-/- mice does not show alerted dendritic spine plasticity in base line condition, but they have deficits in conditions that boost spine plasticity like environmental enrichment. Then, we investigated whether SEZ6 is involved in BACE1-inhibition-induced synaptic alteration. We applied a diet mixed with NB-360 to Sez6-/-:GFP-M and Sez6cKO/cKO:SlickV mice. NB-360 is a novel blood-brain barrier penetrable BACE1 inhibitor. Immunoblotting analysis showed that NB-360 strongly suppressed SEZ6 and APP cleavage similar to Bace1 knockout. To study the impact of long-term pharmacological inhibition of BACE1 in Sez6-/-:GFP-M mice, we repeatedly imaged the apical tufts of layer V pyramidal neurons in the cerebral cortex for 7 weeks using intravital two-photon microscopy. Although 3-week treatment of NB-360 caused a significant but reversible reduction of density of total dendritic spines, persistent spines (persisting ⩾ 7 days) and new gained spines in control mice, the same tr","PeriodicalId":18420,"journal":{"name":"Medizinische Klinik","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22142/1/Zhu_Kaichuan.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147894581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serumaktivitäten, Serumkonzentrationen und Aussagekraft von Leberparametern in der Diagnostik von Lebererkrankungen des Kaninchens","authors":"Leban-Danzl, Anka","doi":"10.5282/edoc.23525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5282/edoc.23525","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18420,"journal":{"name":"Medizinische Klinik","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23525/1/Leban-Danzl_Anka.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147896577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Gastrointestinal hemorrhage].","authors":"T. Brechmann, Jörg Walther, W. Schmiegel","doi":"10.1542/9781610021128-gastrointestinal_hemorrhage","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/9781610021128-gastrointestinal_hemorrhage","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18420,"journal":{"name":"Medizinische Klinik","volume":"5 1","pages":"406-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85157664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Journal Club","authors":"L. Vornholz, J. Sander, S. Keuter, Kirsten Küsel, J. Ast, Carmen E. Wurzbacher, Muriel C. F. van Teeseling, Khadija Aichane, Miriam Herbert, Daniela Kruck","doi":"10.1007/s00063-010-1098-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00063-010-1098-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18420,"journal":{"name":"Medizinische Klinik","volume":"38 1","pages":"585-593"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78360368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Medicago truncatula sucrose transporter family","authors":"Joan Doidy","doi":"10.5282/edoc.15172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5282/edoc.15172","url":null,"abstract":"In plants, long distance transport of sugars from photosynthetic source leaves to sink organs comprises different crucial steps depending on the species and organ types. Sucrose, the main carbohydrate for long distance transport is synthesized in the mesophyll and then loaded into the phloem. After long distance transport through the phloem vessels, sucrose is finally unloaded towards sink organs. Alternatively, sugar can also be transferred to non-plant sinks and plant colonization by heterotrophic organisms increases the sink strength and creates an additional sugar demand for the host plant. These sugar fluxes are coordinated by transport systems. Main sugar transporters in plants comprise sucrose (SUTs) and monosaccharide (MSTs) transporters which constitute key components for carbon partitioning at the whole plant level and in interactions with fungi. Although complete SUTs and MSTs gene families have been identified from the reference Dicot Arabidopsis thaliana and Monocot rice (Oriza sativa), sugar transporter families of the leguminous plant Medicago truncatula, which represents a widely used model for studying plant-fungal interactions in arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), have not yet been investigated. With the recent completion of the M. truncatula genome sequencing as well as the release of transcriptomic databases, monosaccharide and sucrose transporter families of M. truncatula were identified and now comprise 62 MtMSTs and 6 MtSUTs. I focused on the study of the newly identified MtSUTs at a full family scale; phylogenetic analyses showed that the 6 members of the MtSUT family distributed in all three Dicotyledonous SUT clades; they were named upon phylogenetic grouping into particular clades: MtSUT1-1, MtSUT1-2, MtSUT1-3, MtSUT2, MtSUT4-1 and MtSUT4-2. Functional analyses by yeast complementation and expression profiles obtained by quantitative RT-PCR revealed that MtSUT1-1 and MtSUT4-1 are H+/sucrose symporters and represent key members of the MtSUT family. Conservation of transport capacity between orthologous leguminous proteins, expression profiles and subcellular localization compared to previously characterized plant SUTs indicate that MtSUT1-1 is the main protein involved in phloem loading in source leaves whilst MtSUT4-1 mediates vacuolar sucrose export for remobilization of intracellular reserve. The AM symbiosis between plants and fungi from the phylum Glomeromycota is characterized by trophic exchanges between the two partners. The fungus supplies the autotrophic host with nutrients and thereby promotes plant growth. In return, the host plant provides photosynthate (sugars) to the heterotrophic symbiont. Here, sugar fluxes from plant source leaves towards colonized sink roots in the association between the model leguminous plant M. truncatula and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Glomus intraradices were investigated. Sugar transporter candidates from both the plant and fungal partners presenting differential expression ","PeriodicalId":18420,"journal":{"name":"Medizinische Klinik","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15172/1/Doidy_Joan.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147879511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Journal Club","authors":"Robert W. Gruber, M. Schmuth","doi":"10.1007/s00063-009-1169-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00063-009-1169-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18420,"journal":{"name":"Medizinische Klinik","volume":"4 1","pages":"817-827"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89627686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitteilungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Innere Medizin","authors":"Arne Schneidewind, D. Kämpfe, A. Kanappilly","doi":"10.1007/s00063-010-1144-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00063-010-1144-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18420,"journal":{"name":"Medizinische Klinik","volume":"108 1","pages":"845-854"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88138539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}