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Effect of heat input on HAZ toughness in HSLA steels 热输入对HSLA钢HAZ韧性的影响
Metals technology Pub Date : 1983-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/030716983803291749
S. Bhale, J. Billingham
{"title":"Effect of heat input on HAZ toughness in HSLA steels","authors":"S. Bhale, J. Billingham","doi":"10.1179/030716983803291749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/030716983803291749","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractCommercial HSLA steel plates having different process routes, compositions, and microstructures have been welded at heat inputs from 1·5 to 9 kJ mm−1. Charpy V-notch tests were used to characterize the toughness of the resulting HAZ in the as-welded and post-weld heat-treated conditions. In general, increasing the heat input lowered the low-temperature impact toughness through the formation of high-temperature transformation products such as proeutectoid ferrite, Widmanstatten ferrite, and upper bainite. However, a controlled-rolled low-carbon HSLA steel containing nickel and molybdenum exhibited good impact toughness in all welding conditions, this being attributable to a HAZ consisting mostly of acicular ferrite. Low-carbon controlled-rolled steels had better impact characteristics than quenched-and-tempered steels. Stress relief after welding generally had no significant effect on the low-temperature toughness. Hardness values in the HAZ indicated that the steels were unlikely to be susceptible...","PeriodicalId":18409,"journal":{"name":"Metals technology","volume":"10 1","pages":"363-367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84357971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Evaluation of three different test methods for charging hydrogen into iron 铁充氢三种不同试验方法的评价
Metals technology Pub Date : 1983-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/030716983803291695
S. Chan, M. Martínez-Madrid, J. A. Charles
{"title":"Evaluation of three different test methods for charging hydrogen into iron","authors":"S. Chan, M. Martínez-Madrid, J. A. Charles","doi":"10.1179/030716983803291695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/030716983803291695","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractTests have been carried out to compare the reproducibility of potentiostatic and galvanostatic electrolytic methods, and the NACE corrosion-solution method for the introduction of hydrogen into iron specimens. It is concluded that the NACE solution gives the most consistent results, particularly at high hydrogen concentrations where the electrolytic techniques are likely to produce blistering.","PeriodicalId":18409,"journal":{"name":"Metals technology","volume":"54 1","pages":"464-470"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84483704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Evaluation of some new cast hot-work die steels using simulation wear test 几种新型铸造热作模具钢的模拟磨损试验评价
Metals technology Pub Date : 1983-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/030716983803291613
S. R. Tittagala, P. Beeley, A. Bramley
{"title":"Evaluation of some new cast hot-work die steels using simulation wear test","authors":"S. R. Tittagala, P. Beeley, A. Bramley","doi":"10.1179/030716983803291613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/030716983803291613","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A wear-test programme carried out using a newly developed hot-work tool-wear simulation technique is described. Recently developed cast die steels containing coarse carbide dispersions have been assessed by comparison with orthodox hotwork steels. The new materials showed favourable wear properties under hotworking conditions. The relative wear resistances obtained for the materials Show good agreement with the results of previous hot-forging wear tests. Qualitative results from associated wear-surface observations and tool-workpiece compatibility studies are discussed to highlight the role of the technique in the overall assessment of a new tool material.","PeriodicalId":18409,"journal":{"name":"Metals technology","volume":"44 1","pages":"257-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81524841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Strains in extra-low-carbon steel sheets after weak (skin-pass) rolling 超低碳钢薄板在弱轧(蒙皮)后的应变
Metals technology Pub Date : 1983-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/030716983803291532
B. Amiot, J. Despujols
{"title":"Strains in extra-low-carbon steel sheets after weak (skin-pass) rolling","authors":"B. Amiot, J. Despujols","doi":"10.1179/030716983803291532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/030716983803291532","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract If not used within a few days of the last skin pass, low- and extra-low-carbon steel coils often give formed parts with stretcher-strain markings. These defects are caused by the phenomenon of strain aging occurring within the metal. By the use of mechanical tests, such as hardness and tensile tests, it is possible to follow the way in which the strength and ductility of the steel vary with time. X-ray diffraction studies were also conducted and gave results that do not appear to be influenced by the displacement of interstitial elements, but reveal compressive strains perpendicular to the sheet, and enable an average root mean square displacement of the atomic planes in question and an average dislocation density to he estimated. By considering the absolute plastic deformation imposed on the individual steel grains, it might be possible to link the random variation of the stresses with the distribution of dislocations. There may also be a connection between the stored plastic energy and the abso...","PeriodicalId":18409,"journal":{"name":"Metals technology","volume":"111 1","pages":"161-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79213563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Thermal diffusivities of oxide scales on iron-base binary alloys and steels 铁基二元合金和钢上氧化鳞的热扩散系数
Metals technology Pub Date : 1983-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/030716983803291505
C. Fowler, R. Taylor, R. Rolls
{"title":"Thermal diffusivities of oxide scales on iron-base binary alloys and steels","authors":"C. Fowler, R. Taylor, R. Rolls","doi":"10.1179/030716983803291505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/030716983803291505","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe thermal diffusivities of oxide scales on iron, certain binary iron alloys, and selected commercial steels have been determined in situ at temperatures from 473 to 1273 K with a laser flash-pulse technique. The results confirmed that the thermal diffusivities were a function of the type of oxide and of its growth morphology. The greater the proportion of magnetite (Fe304) and free iron in a scale, the higher is the thermal diffusivity obtained (up to ∼ 9 x 10−7 m2 s−1). A scale/metal interfacial gap constitutes a thermal barrier possessing a correspondingly lower apparent thermal diffusivity (<1 X 10−7 m2 S−1). Consideration is given to the practical problem that the cooling rate for a blistered, scaled surface may be a factor of 5-50 times slower than that for a descaled steel surface.","PeriodicalId":18409,"journal":{"name":"Metals technology","volume":"87 1","pages":"96-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80802155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Effect of solidification mode on hot ductility of austenitic stainless steels 凝固方式对奥氏体不锈钢热塑性的影响
Metals technology Pub Date : 1983-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/030716983803291307
L. Myllykoski, N. Suutala
{"title":"Effect of solidification mode on hot ductility of austenitic stainless steels","authors":"L. Myllykoski, N. Suutala","doi":"10.1179/030716983803291307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/030716983803291307","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of solidification mode and ferrite content on the hot ductility of austenitic stainless steels were investigated by means of hot bend testing. The test materials were continuously cast ...","PeriodicalId":18409,"journal":{"name":"Metals technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"453-460"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91248596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Microcracking of high-speed-steel tools during cutting 高速钢刀具在切削过程中的微裂纹
Metals technology Pub Date : 1983-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/030716983803291181
P. W. Shelton, A. Wronski
{"title":"Microcracking of high-speed-steel tools during cutting","authors":"P. W. Shelton, A. Wronski","doi":"10.1179/030716983803291181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/030716983803291181","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractExamination of both wrought and sintered T6 and M2 high-speed-steel cutting tools used in continuous-turning tests at cutting speeds of 15-60 m min−1 has revealed the presence of microcracking at the tool nose. In wet-cutting conditions, the maximum average steady-state flank-wear rates at cutting speeds of 20–30 m min−1 coincide with the appearance of cracks extending across the matrix through several carbides. At higher cutting speeds only individual carbides were broken, with little extension into the matrix. In dry-cutting conditions the wear land is smaller than in wet cutting, but consists of a rough cracked area. The cracks were present beneath the built-up edge, or just below it on the flank face. The generation of cracks under both wet- and dry-cutting conditions is discussed in terms of cutting speed, built-up-edge stability, and cutting temperature.","PeriodicalId":18409,"journal":{"name":"Metals technology","volume":"22 1","pages":"308-314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90426636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Mechanisms of ductile fracture in ferritic-pearlitic and ferritic-martensitic steels 铁素体-珠光体和铁素体-马氏体钢的韧性断裂机制
Metals technology Pub Date : 1983-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/030716983803291668
A. Melander, K. Olsson
{"title":"Mechanisms of ductile fracture in ferritic-pearlitic and ferritic-martensitic steels","authors":"A. Melander, K. Olsson","doi":"10.1179/030716983803291668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/030716983803291668","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractCarbon-manganese steel wire rods were produced using hot rolling followed by cooling at two different rates to give ferritic-pearlitic and ferritic-martensitic microstructures. The wire rods were then drawn to wires of various diameters. The mechanisms of ductile fracture during tensile testing were studied in the wire rods and wires of two different diameters. Rates of void nucleation and growth at pearlite, cementite, and martensite second-phase particles, and at non-metallic inclusions were evaluated. Models are formulated for the void growth, taking into account the effects of tensile strain and particle deformability. These models are subsequently incorporated into a theory of ductile fracture. This theory, which encompasses void nucleation and growth, and the work hardenability of the material, is used to predict the difference in fracture strain between the ferritic-pearlitic and ferritic-martensitic steels, as well as the effect of wiredrawing strain on the fracture strain during tensile t...","PeriodicalId":18409,"journal":{"name":"Metals technology","volume":"81 1","pages":"424-434"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81741977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Wear of metal-working tools ion plated with titanium nitride 氮化钛离子镀金属加工工具的磨损
Metals technology Pub Date : 1983-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/030716983803291514
H. Sundquist, E. H. Sirvio, M. Kurkinen
{"title":"Wear of metal-working tools ion plated with titanium nitride","authors":"H. Sundquist, E. H. Sirvio, M. Kurkinen","doi":"10.1179/030716983803291514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/030716983803291514","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe tribological properties of ion-plated titanium nitride coatings have been studied in pin-on-disc, dry sand +rubber wheel, and bending-under-tension friction tests. These results are compared with the performance of tools having these coatings in industrial metal-working processes. The coatings were found to increase the life of the tools by two to ten times compared with uncoated tools with the same cutting parameters. The increase in life in the metal-forming processes studied was even longer.","PeriodicalId":18409,"journal":{"name":"Metals technology","volume":"61 1","pages":"130-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72896170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Pre-primary phase formation in solidification of nickel-aluminium bronze 镍铝青铜凝固中初生相的形成
Metals technology Pub Date : 1983-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/030716983803291802
E. Feest, I. Cook
{"title":"Pre-primary phase formation in solidification of nickel-aluminium bronze","authors":"E. Feest, I. Cook","doi":"10.1179/030716983803291802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/030716983803291802","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe sequence of phase formation through the solidification range of BS 1400: AB2 nickel-aluminium bronze has been studied using both a controlled unidirectional solidification technique and isothermal treatments. Two different forms of iron-rich k1-phase were seen to be precipitated from the liquid at above the liquidus temperature for the primary copper-based solid solution. One of these forms k1-phase was shown to be a strong nucleant for the primary solid solution, and is therefore a potent grain refiner. The amounts and formation temperatures of these pre-primary k1-phases were seen to depend on alloy composition within the AB2 specification range.","PeriodicalId":18409,"journal":{"name":"Metals technology","volume":"26 1","pages":"121-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73747538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
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