Medical alphabet最新文献

{"title":"Normozoospermia. Is it always the norm?","authors":"D. V. Moskvichev, R. S. Frantsev, A. Strachuk, E. Korovyakova, A. V. Kuchuk, E. A. Presnova","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2024-8-53-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2024-8-53-56","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18337,"journal":{"name":"Medical alphabet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140988612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnancy, labor, postpartum and neonatal outcomes in women with new coronavirus infection and preterm labor","authors":"E. E. Chernaya, E. I. Kutefa, A. Kasparova, E. N. Vasilkovskaya, L. A. Chegus, S. Semenchenko","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2024-8-48-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2024-8-48-53","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18337,"journal":{"name":"Medical alphabet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140988640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the dynamics of oral pathogenic microbiota in COVID-19 patients by genomic sequencing after application of foam with antimicrobial action","authors":"O. O. Yanushevich, N. I. Krikheli, I. Maev, A. V. Zaborovsky, O. Levchenko, Yu. S. Galeeva, E. V. Starikova, D. N. Andreev, P. A. Bely, F. S. Sokolov, A. K. Fomenko, S. V. Tsaregorodtsev, N. G. Andreev, V. V. Evdokimov, M. K. Devkota, A. L. Kebina, E. N. Ilyina, V. M. Govorun, O. V. Rudneva","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2024-11-7-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2024-11-7-13","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has demonstrated the critical importance of understanding the mechanisms of transmission and finding effective methods of prevention. Particular attention has been paid to the role of oral hygiene, as the oral cavity serves as a major route of transmission. Studies show that the composition of the oral microbiota can influence the course and outcome of COVID-19 disease. Therefore, there is a need to study the effects of oral antiseptics on the microbiome, which may offer new opportunities for the prevention and treatment of this disease.Objective. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the oral cleansing foam «Parodontol PROF» in reducing the pathogenic microflora of the oral cavity in patients with COVID-19 and to assess its effect on the risk of secondary infections.Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the Clinical Medical Centre «Kuskovo» of Russian University of Medicine. It included 450 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19. The participants were divided into two groups: the test group used oral cleansing foam, while the control group used no additional oral hygiene. Comparative analyses of the taxonomic composition of the oropharyngeal microbiota and dental plaque before and after the use of the cleansing foam were performed.Results. The study showed that patients who regularly used the cleansing foam «Parodontol PROF» had a significant decrease in the representation of pathogens, including Mycoplasma, and an increase in the number of beneficial commensals such as Lactococcus and Lactobacillus. These changes indicate the potential efficacy of this product to improve oral hygiene and reduce the risk of secondary infections.Conclusion. The study supports the hypothesis that improving oral hygiene with specialised antiseptic agents, such as a cleansing foam, may help to reduce pathogenic microflora in the oral cavity in patients with COVID-19. This, in turn, may reduce the risk of pathogen migration into the lower respiratory tract and the development of secondary infections. The findings emphasise the importance of further research in this area and the development of comprehensive approaches to oral hygiene management in the context of infectious diseases.","PeriodicalId":18337,"journal":{"name":"Medical alphabet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140987741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human papillomavirus as a predictor of cervical cancer in women of reproductive age (literature review)","authors":"N. V. Buzovskaya, A. Morozov, T. Sorokovikova, S. Naumova","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2024-8-57-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2024-8-57-61","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18337,"journal":{"name":"Medical alphabet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140988142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the level of anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with external genital endometriosis (literature review)","authors":"A. A. Grigoryants, N. Burova, V. Avrutskaya, I. Krukier","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2024-8-36-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2024-8-36-40","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18337,"journal":{"name":"Medical alphabet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140990748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vegetative innervation of the human reproductive system in embryogenesis","authors":"M. V. Labzina, S. V. Abramova, A. S. Nechaykin, D. Y. Shubin, M. I. Kechemaykina","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2024-8-25-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2024-8-25-31","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18337,"journal":{"name":"Medical alphabet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140991471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic cervicitis: a gynecologist and cytologist’s view of the problem","authors":"A. V. Ledina, S. I. Rogovskaya, I. P. Shabalova, N. N. Bayandina","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2024-8-16-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2024-8-16-21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18337,"journal":{"name":"Medical alphabet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140993267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of pain manifestations in women with premenstrual syndrome","authors":"L. Tkachenko, O. Kurushina, I. A. Gritsenko, A. S. Justus","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2024-8-32-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2024-8-32-35","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18337,"journal":{"name":"Medical alphabet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140991202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating tumour DNA analysis and new uses of anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer","authors":"M. S. Ruban, L. V. Bolotina, Yu. B. Karagodina, T. I. Deshkina, A. L. Kornietskaya, A. A. Fedenko","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2024-7-46-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2024-7-46-54","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, tumour tissue biopsy to determine RAS/BRAF gene alterations, assess microsatellite instability status, and determine HER‑2/neu gene amplification/hyperexpression is the gold standard of diagnosis and allows the selection of optimal molecularly targeted therapy when considering treatment strategies for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. However, biopsy does not fully reflect the existing intratumoural heterogeneity and clonal evolution of tumour cells, which can often be the cause of therapeutic failures. In recent years, liquid biopsy has attracted increasing attention as an additional and potentially alternative non-invasive tool for molecular tumour profiling. Assessment of circulating tumour DNA allows changes in the genetic status of the tumour to be monitored and the «burden» of disease to be measured dynamically in real time. Advances in liquid biopsy technology have led to promising new strategies for the management of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer in late-line therapy. The standard drug arsenal in this group of patients is limited to either repeat administration of previously effective therapy or regorafenib and the combination of trifluridine/tipiracil with bevacizumab, which are characterized by limited clinical activity. However, thanks to the discovery of the NeoRAS wild-type phenomenon and the rechallenge strategy of anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies based on the study of clonal selection and evolution of tumour cells, the administration of epidermal growth factor inhibitors in a molecularly selected by liquid biopsy population is accompanied by good tolerability and efficacy. Numerous clinical studies are ongoing to further understand the mechanisms of tumour resistance and to develop new evidence-based treatment approaches in order to realise the concept of personalised medicine.","PeriodicalId":18337,"journal":{"name":"Medical alphabet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140991133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of quantitative electroencephalography in the diagnosis of postoperative cerebral consequences in patients with cardiovascular pathology who underwent cardiac surgery using artificial circulation. Importance for oncology (literature review)","authors":"E. I. Kuznetsova, D. D. Tsyrenov","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2024-7-41-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2024-7-41-45","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, special attention of researchers is attracted to the problem of diagnosing postoperative brain damage and cognitive impairment in patients with cardiovascular pathology after cardiac surgery without/under conditions of artificial circulation (AC). The main method of assessing the functional state of the brain is quantitative electroencephalography (EEG). Because of cardiovascular and oncological pathology could persist in one patient it is actual simultaneous cardial and oncological surgery under EEG monitoring.Objective: based on the literature data, to find out the role of EEG in diagnosis of cerebral complications in patients with cardiovascular pathology after cardiac surgery without /under conditions of AC.Methods. We found and analyzed data in specialized medical data base Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science about EEG methods in patients after heart bypass with/without AC from 1980 to 2023 years.Results. The quantitative EEG is very important for early diagnosis and prognosis for cerebral ischemia, epileptiform activity, postoperative cognitive dysfunction in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) after coronary artery bypass with/without AC. However, the studies did not included patients with oncopathology, people over 70 years of age. It opens possibilities for early diagnosis of central nervous system functional condition in patients with lung cancer and cardiovascular disorders in simultaneous (concomitant heart and lung with/without AC) surgery. It will help a correction of complications in time and a development of guided rehabilitation","PeriodicalId":18337,"journal":{"name":"Medical alphabet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140990950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}