Mechanics of Materials最新文献

{"title":"Constitutive modeling of diffusion-limited oxidation coupled with a large deformation theory for polymer degradation","authors":"Hossein Naderi,&nbsp;Roozbeh Dargazany","doi":"10.1016/j.mechmat.2025.105270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mechmat.2025.105270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The influence of oxidation on the degradation of polymers is one of the most critical aging processes. The oxidation is usually limited to the sample’s surface, commonly called diffusion-limited oxidation (DLO). DLO occurs through the competition of simultaneous oxygen absorption, diffusion transport, and the reaction of oxygen in the elastomers. A new kinetics-based oxygen absorption model is developed and validated against multiple experimental data. In addition, the diffusion-reaction equation is extended in 3 dimensions and solved by the Alternating Direction Implicit (ADI) method. Various reaction rate functions are considered for chain scission and network reformation reactions to describe non-uniform degradation. An enhanced model is utilized to simulate the heterogeneous oxidation and to demonstrate the influence of contributing factors on the oxidation behavior of nitrite rubber. Our proposed model’s results agree with the empirical data on polymers’ oxidation degree. In addition, a constitutive model is developed that incorporates the coupling between diffusion, chemical reaction, and large deformation of polymers. The finite element implementation of the coupled multi-physics is explained in detail. The proposed constitutive model illustrates the effect of diffusion-limited oxidation (DLO) on the mechanical properties of cross-linked polymers. It numerically analyzes the coupled diffusion–reaction and mechanical behavior of polymers undergoing DLO.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18296,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics of Materials","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 105270"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Process-structure-mechanical property relationships in Cu-Zr nanoglass: Insights from molecular dynamics","authors":"Alireza Edalatmanesh,&nbsp;Maryam Mahnama","doi":"10.1016/j.mechmat.2025.105274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mechmat.2025.105274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanoglasses (NGs) as a novel type of amorphous material with tunable microstructure have paved the way for engineering the structure of amorphous materials with tailored performance. Central to this effort is modifying microstructural features (through altering processing routes), which is made possible by a comprehensive understanding of process-structure-properties relationships. Research on NGs has frequently limited its scope to specific processing parameters or focused solely on identifying trends. This study provides a comprehensive investigation of the process-structure-mechanical property relationships in Cu-Zr NGs by employing molecular dynamics simulations. It focuses on how main process parameters like temperature, glass quenching rate, core grain size, and composition affect NGs' structural characteristics and mechanical behavior. The findings indicate that process parameters such as temperature, glass quenching rate, and composition substantially affect atomic volume profiles and the formation of Voronoi clusters. Conversely, grain size specifically influences the volume fractions of the constituent phases. Analysis of NGs’ mechanical responses under diverse processing parameters reveals that generally, any process parameters that induce excess free volume along with loosely-packed clusters result in lower ultimate strength and a softer elastic response. Additionally, the post-ultimate tensile strength behavior and degree of homogeneous plasticity in NGs are primarily influenced by the grain size. Moreover, investigation of deformation mechanisms reveals three phases: the nucleation of shear-activated atoms, the activation of shear transformation zones, and the shear localization. The findings lay the groundwork for the material design of NGs with enhanced mechanical performance through controlling processing conditions, offering practical applications in harsh environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18296,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics of Materials","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 105274"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Force-induced length-change effect of macromolecular chains undergoing mechanochemical coupling and mechanical behaviors under uniaxial tension in soft hydrogels","authors":"Weilin Shi ,&nbsp;Yuheng Liu ,&nbsp;Haibao Lu ,&nbsp;Yong-Qing Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.mechmat.2025.105276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mechmat.2025.105276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Study on length-change effect in macromolecular chains is of critical importance for understanding mechanical behaviors of soft hydrogels, but mechanisms of force-induced transitions in macromolecular chains in soft hydrogels have not been fully understood due to their complex thermodynamics and kinetics. Herein, a globule-coil transition model is proposed to describe the force-induced length-change effect in macromolecular chains, of which the rubber elasticity and stiffening principles in hydrogels are investigated. A molecular model is firstly formulated to capture the microscopic physical mechanisms of the length-change effect based on the renormalized blob theory, and a free-energy equation is then proposed to characterize the globule-coil transition of macromolecular chains and rubber elasticity of polymer networks, based on the Flory-Huggins theory, entropic elasticity model, tube model and linear spring model. A kinetic equation for the force-induced globule-coil transition in macromolecular chains is further developed to describe the length-change effect, solved by finite difference method (FDM). Finally, quantitative comparisons have been conducted and good agreements have been achieved between the analytical results of proposed model and experimental data reported in literature. Our study provides a new perspective towards fully understanding of the length-change effect in macromolecular chains, rubbery elasticity, and stiffening principles in soft hydrogels undergoing mechanochemical coupling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18296,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics of Materials","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 105276"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bandgap characteristics of rib-stiffened plates with fluid–structure interaction: A finite element approach","authors":"L.B. Hu ,&nbsp;X. Zhou ,&nbsp;R.Z. Zhang ,&nbsp;Z.-Q. Xiao ,&nbsp;Y. Cong ,&nbsp;S.T. Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.mechmat.2025.105260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mechmat.2025.105260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work offers a comprehensive investigation into the vibration band gaps of periodically rib-stiffened plates, incorporating the effects of fluid–structure interaction (FSI). By coupling the Mindlin plate theory with Timoshenko beam theory, the proposed model enables flexible arrangements of ribs within the plate structure, enhancing its design versatility. The inertial effects of the surrounding fluid are rigorously accounted for through an augmented mass matrix, which includes Bloch periodic boundary conditions, providing a robust framework for capturing the FSI phenomena. Numerical validations confirm the accuracy of both the rib-stiffened plate model in the absence of fluid and the FSI-integrated model. A systematic exploration of vibration band gaps is conducted, emphasizing the influence of various rib configurations under fluid–structure interaction. Detailed parametric analysis of orthogonally rib-stiffened plates reveals that specific rib designs play a crucial role in tuning the band gaps, offering valuable insights for optimizing vibro-acoustic performance in engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18296,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics of Materials","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 105260"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the role of the matrix in the strength of carbon fiber-reinforced ceramics","authors":"Andrea Vigliotti ,&nbsp;Ferdinando Auricchio ,&nbsp;Damiano Pasini","doi":"10.1016/j.mechmat.2024.105227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mechmat.2024.105227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are known for being able to preserve their mechanical properties at much higher temperatures than metal alloys. CMCs low mass density and superior mechanical strength, compared to plain monolithic ceramics, make them candidate materials for high-temperature applications when a significant load-bearing capacity is also required. In this paper, we use a phase field damage model combined with a multiscale approach to explore the mechanical strength of a unidirectional C-SiC composite under a range of uniaxial and biaxial stress conditions. In contrast to existing approaches that propose analytical solutions, restricted to specific load cases and given initial damage configurations, our approach is quite general and does not make any assumption on the type of damage. Starting from a damage free material, the resulting model is capable of reproducing the different failure mechanisms observed in the literature such as bridging of isolated matrix crack, delamination and fiber fragmentation. With this methodology, we can predict the strength and failure mechanics of composites under complex boundary conditions expressed in terms of the components of a macroscopic deformation field acting on the material. Interestingly, we find that under a wide range of cases we investigated, the composite damage consistently initiates in the matrix, far away from the interface with the fibers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18296,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics of Materials","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 105227"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143151477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailored energy dissipation with viscoelastic architectured materials","authors":"Aliae Welander ,&nbsp;Isak Kinnunen ,&nbsp;Anders Daneryd ,&nbsp;Jan Hajek ,&nbsp;Kiran Sahu ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Mousavi","doi":"10.1016/j.mechmat.2024.105216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mechmat.2024.105216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A family of architectured materials (AMs) is studied for viscous damping. A computational methodology is employed to capture the energetic behavior of the AM. While the presented approach is generic for any symmetry class of AMs, the selected Representative Volume Elements (RVEs) have cubic symmetry. In particular, the set of truss structures including simple cubic, body-centered cubic and face-centered cubic and the set of Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces (TPMS) including Gyroid, Diamond and Schoen IWP are analyzed. First, a homogenization method is implemented to extract the effective viscoelastic behavior of the chosen AMs, verified based on the correspondence principle. Second, the energetic behavior including the storage and loss factors are extracted for different anisotropy directions of the lattices. And finally, in order to showcase the application of such tailored energy response under a class of loadings, the energy dissipation of the homogenized models of the different RVEs are elaborated under hydrostatic, tensile and shear modes. Interestingly, for the same base material and the same relative density, the different AMs show different energy dissipation behavior in hydrostatic, tensile and shear modes. This opens up an excellent library of materials for a tailored energy dissipation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18296,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics of Materials","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 105216"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143150915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An investigation into instantaneously tuning the EMI shielding characteristics of CNT-based nanocomposite biofoams in the X-band range by strain loading","authors":"Xiaodong Xia ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Shilin Huang ,&nbsp;Jianyang Luo ,&nbsp;George J. Weng","doi":"10.1016/j.mechmat.2024.105209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mechmat.2024.105209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding of CNT-based nanocomposite biofoams is capable of being tailored instantaneously by mechanical loading. In contrast to tuning the EMI shielding via nanofillers or by decoration process, the strain-activated EMI tailoring characteristics possess enormous potential that still await to be explored. To reveal this tailoring mechanism, a multi-scale electro-magneto-mechanically coupled homogenization model is developed to tailor the EMI characteristics of CNT-based nanocomposite biofoams in the X-band range (8.2–12.4 GHz). In this development, the elastic moduli, complex conductivity, and complex permeability are all selected as the homogenization variables. Four categories of interface effects are considered, including imperfect interface bonding, electron tunneling, Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars polarization, and electron hopping. The predicted EMI tailoring characteristics are validated by the experiment of CNT/wheat flour nanocomposite biofoam over a wide range of stain loading. The effective EMI shielding behavior decreases with the compressive loading, but it increases with the tensile loading. It is found that a CNT content higher than the percolation threshold is necessary to tailor the EMI shielding behavior of this nanocomposite foam via strain loading. This study can provide innovative insights to tune the EMI shielding characteristics of CNT-based nanocomposite biofoams in X-band instantaneously.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18296,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics of Materials","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 105209"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143150914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equivalent Inclusion Method (EIM) for isotropic and anisotropic spatially oriented spheroidal inhomogeneities: A unified calculation module validated via comparisons to Finite Element (FE) simulations","authors":"Rémy Serre ,&nbsp;Carole Nadot-Martin ,&nbsp;Philippe Bocher","doi":"10.1016/j.mechmat.2024.105194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mechmat.2024.105194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper is centered on the Equivalent Inclusion Method due to Eshelby (1957, 1959, 1961) to solve inhomogeneous ellipsoidal inclusion problems. The objective is to develop a unified EIM program for spatially oriented isotropic and anisotropic spheroids and validate each stage of the developments in a controlled and rigorous way. At first, the analytical calculations of spatial derivatives of the elliptic integrals, involved in the expression of the strain field in the isotropic infinite medium, are pushed as far as possible for an Oblate spheroid and coded as it was done by Vincent et al., 2014 for the Prolate shape. Then, spatial orientation of the spheroid with respect to the global axis system attached to the infinite medium is introduced. Anisotropic metal inhomogeneities are finally dealt with, with the possibility to assign different crystallographic orientations. In this final configuration involving both the spatial orientation and anisotropy, three axis systems have to be managed simultaneously. Such a complexity legitimates a progressive evaluation towards this case. Thus, each new functionality introduced in the code is carefully validated by comparisons of the results to Finite Element reference solutions both inside and outside the inhomogeneity along different paths from the interface. This is done for an isotropic inhomogeneity without and with spatial orientation at first, and for an anisotropic inhomogeneity in the same way. These evaluations are presented for different shapes, aspect ratios, property contrasts. Such a complete evaluation involving at each stage various cases and examining the fields inside and outside the inhomogeneity constitutes an original contribution of the present work and allows to be confident in the proposed code (available on request). Another contribution of the paper is to analyze the influence of various factors (shape, aspect ratio, spatial orientation) on the fields distribution when both the anisotropy and the spatial orientation of the spheroidal inhomogeneity are combined. This last part illustrates also the efficiency of the EIM to deal with such an analysis with both accuracy and a low calculation cost.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18296,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics of Materials","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 105194"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143150916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient prediction of strength and strain localisation in porous solids via microstructure-based limit analysis","authors":"Jonas Hund ,&nbsp;Varvara Kouznetsova ,&nbsp;Tito Andriollo","doi":"10.1016/j.mechmat.2024.105208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mechmat.2024.105208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new method is presented to predict strength and strain localisation in solids containing voids or soft particles at reduced computational cost compared to traditional micro-mechanical approaches. The method leverages the fact that strain localisation in such materials occurs in the form of narrow shear bands connecting the voids. Accordingly, the model domain is discretised with rigid triangular blocks defined by the Delaunay triangulation of the void centroids. Deformation and energy dissipation are assumed to be confined to discontinuities of the velocity field introduced along the block edges, representing the narrow zones of strain localisation within the shear bands. The block velocities are computed within the framework of plastic limit analysis by minimising the total rate of internal work while ensuring compatible deformation across the solid. Accordingly, the predicted strength represents an upper bound. The adopted microstructure-based discretisation strategy effectively limits the number of potential discontinuities compared to similar methods proposed in the literature, thereby increasing the computational efficiency. To demonstrate the capabilities of the method, predicted macroscopic strength under uniaxial tension and strain localisation patterns in 2D porous microstructures with varying porosity fractions are compared to the finite element results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18296,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics of Materials","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 105208"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143150920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical effects of self-stress states in graphene membranes in multiscale modeling","authors":"Michele Curatolo ,&nbsp;Ginevra Salerno","doi":"10.1016/j.mechmat.2024.105226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mechmat.2024.105226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Graphene, an atomically thin material renowned for its exceptional properties, plays a pivotal role in several technological applications. This work elucidates critical aspects of graphene research, particularly focusing on the effects of its transfer onto suitable substrates. Indeed, from the mechanical point of view the transfer process induces self-stresses within the graphene layer. In addition, formidable applications in the field of biosensors, filtration membranes, and special electronic devices are based on precision perforated-graphene. However, perforation introduces localized stress concentrations, altering mechanical behavior and the strength of the graphene membrane.</div><div>In this paper, the effects of self-stress states on graphene membrane strength are studied through numerical models. Specifically, the mechanical strength of pristine and perforated graphene membranes subjected to different self-stress states is studied at the nanoscale, using a static molecular mechanics model. Then, a suitably calibrated hyper-elastic continuum model is formulated and correlated with the molecular mechanics model to study the mechanical strength at the micron scale, which is the actual scale of the membranes. Results give important insights on the effects of self-stress states in graphene membranes. We found out also that the interaction distance between holes is strongly influenced by the self-stress state.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18296,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics of Materials","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 105226"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143150923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}