Materials Engineering eJournal最新文献

Short-Range Order Clusters in the Long-Period Stacking/Order Phases With an Intrinsic-I Type Stacking Fault in Mg-Co-Y Alloys Mg-Co-Y合金长周期堆积/有序相中的短程有序团簇及其本征i型堆积缺陷

Materials Engineering eJournal Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3878346

K. Guan, M. Egami, D. Egusa, H. Kimizuka, M. Yamasaki, Y. Kawamura, E. Abe

引用次数: 21

Phase Decomposition and Strengthening in Hfnbtatizr High Entropy Alloy from First-Principles Calculations 从第一性原理计算hfnbtizr高熵合金的相分解和强化

Materials Engineering eJournal Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3931608

Shuming Chen, Ze-jun Ma, S. Qiu, Lian-Ji Zhang, Shang-zhou Zhang, Ruijie Yang, Q. Hu

{"title":"Phase Decomposition and Strengthening in Hfnbtatizr High Entropy Alloy from First-Principles Calculations","authors":"Shuming Chen, Ze-jun Ma, S. Qiu, Lian-Ji Zhang, Shang-zhou Zhang, Ruijie Yang, Q. Hu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3931608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3931608","url":null,"abstract":"Phase decomposition influences significantly the mechanical properties of high entropy alloys (HEAs). Prediction of the phase decomposition of HEA is greatly hindered by the hyper-dimensional composition space of the alloys. In the present work, we propose to represent the HEAs as various pseudo-binary alloys of which the temperature dependent free energies as functions of compositions may be readily calculated by using first-principles methods in combination with thermodynamic models. With the calculated free energies, the phase diagrams of the pseudo-binary alloys may be constructed and the phase decomposition can be predicted. This procedure is applied to Hf-Nb-Ta-Ti-Zr alloy with body-centered cubic (BCC) structure. We predict that the equiatomic HfNbTaTiZr HEA suffers from phase decomposition below critical temperature of 1298 K. The HEA decomposes most favorably to BCC NbTa-rich and HfZr-rich phases. The BCC HfZr-rich phase transfers to a hexagonal close-packed structure (HCP) phase at low temperature. The predicted compositions of the decomposed phases are in good agreement with experiment and Thermal-Calc modeling. Furthermore, the effect of the phase decomposition on the strength of the HEA is evaluated by considering the solid-solution and precipitation strengthening mechanisms. The precipitation strengthening effect is stronger than the solid-solution strengthening at the low annealing temperature but becomes weaker at high annealing temperature.","PeriodicalId":18268,"journal":{"name":"Materials Engineering eJournal","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84078407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Development of Advanced Stellarator With Identical Permanent Magnet Blocks 采用相同永磁体的先进仿星器的研制

Materials Engineering eJournal Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3854508

Zhiyuan Lu, Guosheng Xu, Dehong Chen, Xiang Zhang, Liang Chen, M. Ye, Houyang Y Guo, B. Wan

引用次数: 6

New Mechanism and Criterion for Forming Multi-Component Solid-Solution Alloys 形成多组分固溶合金的新机理和新准则

Materials Engineering eJournal Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3855727

T. Fang

引用次数: 6

Solvent-Rich Magnesium-Based Bulk Metallic Glasses in the Mg–Pd–Ca and Mg–Pd–Yb Alloy Systems Mg-Pd-Ca和Mg-Pd-Yb合金体系中富溶剂镁基大块金属玻璃

Materials Engineering eJournal Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3873676

S. Jilani, Leah S. Koloadin, D. Miskovic, K. Laws

引用次数: 1

Light-Driven Proton Transport Across Liposomal Membranes Enabled by Janus Metal-Organic Layers Janus金属-有机层实现光驱动质子在脂质体膜上的传输

Materials Engineering eJournal Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3858057

Huihui Hu, Jieyu Zhu, Zhiye Wang, Liulin Yang, Wenbin Lin, Cheng Wang

{"title":"Light-Driven Proton Transport Across Liposomal Membranes Enabled by Janus Metal-Organic Layers","authors":"Huihui Hu, Jieyu Zhu, Zhiye Wang, Liulin Yang, Wenbin Lin, Cheng Wang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3858057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3858057","url":null,"abstract":"Photo-generation of a proton gradient over a lipid bilayer is of interest due to its essential role in photosynthetic bacteria. Membrane asymmetry is key to the generation of a proton gradient via directional proton transport. Here we report a light-driven proton pump based on two-dimensional, porphyrin-based Janus metal-organic layers (Janus-MOLs) embedded in liposomes. We developed a microemulsion-based method to functionalize the Janus-MOLs with carboxyquinone on one side and Acitretin on the other side. By attaching the Janus-MOLs to liposome surfaces, we obtained a mimic to photosynthetic bacteria. Upon photoexcitation, the porphyrins initiate electron and hole transfers to carboxyquinone and Acitretin, respectively, which undergo redox reactions with freely diffusing quinone (Q) / hydrosemiquinone (HQ·) in the lipid bilayer to produce a concentration gradient of quinone-based species. Owing to different pKa values of HQ+ and HQ ·, these redox reactions trigger proton transport across the membrane to create a pH gradient, which drives ATP production by CF0F1-ATP synthase in a similar fashion as photosynthetic bacteria.","PeriodicalId":18268,"journal":{"name":"Materials Engineering eJournal","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78826316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

To engage or not to engage with AI for critical judgments: How professionals deal with opacity when using AI for medical diagnosis 使用或不使用人工智能进行关键判断:专业人员如何处理使用人工智能进行医疗诊断时的不透明性

Materials Engineering eJournal Pub Date : 2021-10-05 DOI: 10.1287/orsc.2021.1549

Sarah Lebovitz, Hila Lifshitz-Assaf, N. Levina

{"title":"To engage or not to engage with AI for critical judgments: How professionals deal with opacity when using AI for medical diagnosis","authors":"Sarah Lebovitz, Hila Lifshitz-Assaf, N. Levina","doi":"10.1287/orsc.2021.1549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2021.1549","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies promise to transform how professionals conduct knowledge work by augmenting their capabilities for making professional judgments. We know little, however, about how human-AI augmentation takes place in practice. Yet, gaining this understanding is particularly important when professionals use AI tools to form judgments on critical decisions. We conducted an in-depth field study in a major U.S. hospital where AI tools were used in three departments by diagnostic radiologists making breast cancer, lung cancer, and bone age determinations. The study illustrates the hindering effects of opacity that professionals experienced when using AI tools and explores how these professionals grappled with it in practice. In all three departments, this opacity resulted in professionals experiencing increased uncertainty because AI tool results often diverged from their initial judgment without providing underlying reasoning. Only in one department (of the three) did professionals consistently incorporate AI results into their final judgments, achieving what we call engaged augmentation. These professionals invested in AI interrogation practices—practices enacted by human experts to relate their own knowledge claims to AI knowledge claims. Professionals in the other two departments did not enact such practices and did not incorporate AI inputs into their final decisions, which we call unengaged “augmentation.” Our study unpacks the challenges involved in augmenting professional judgment with powerful, yet opaque, technologies and contributes to literature on AI adoption in knowledge work.","PeriodicalId":18268,"journal":{"name":"Materials Engineering eJournal","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76637100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 46

On the Origin of Mosaicity in Directionally Solidified Ni-Base Superalloys ni基定向凝固高温合金中镶嵌性的成因研究

Materials Engineering eJournal Pub Date : 2021-09-15 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3854484

J. Strickland, B. Nenchev, K. Tassenberg, S. Perry, Gareth R. Sheppard, Hongbiao Dong, Ruiyao Zhang, G. Burca, N. D’Souza

{"title":"On the Origin of Mosaicity in Directionally Solidified Ni-Base Superalloys","authors":"J. Strickland, B. Nenchev, K. Tassenberg, S. Perry, Gareth R. Sheppard, Hongbiao Dong, Ruiyao Zhang, G. Burca, N. D’Souza","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3854484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3854484","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article addresses the formation of low angle grain boundaries which give rise to mosaicity, a phenomenon that has only recently received attention in the single crystal Ni-base superalloy field. In this work, post-mortem advanced microscopy characterisation techniques are employed to deduce the dendrite tip growth kinetics from transverse sections of a single crystal turbine blade. As a result, it has been possible to highlight the role of isotherm curvature in inducing lateral macro-segregation parallel to a growing solidification front. Using crystallographic data from time-of-flight energy-resolved neutron imaging and novel Bragg-dip post processing, it is established that lateral macro-segregation induces small angle grain boundaries which gives rise to mosaicity within single crystal Ni-base superalloys. Mosaicity demonstrates good correlation with the local primary spacing, where faster growing dendrites demonstrate greater deviation of 〈001〉 from the casting direction, as compared with those growing at a slower rate. In light of these findings, the origin of mosaicity and its implication to secondary grain formation is discussed.","PeriodicalId":18268,"journal":{"name":"Materials Engineering eJournal","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73764934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

The Agglomeration of Solid Wastes for Ferroalloy Production 固体废弃物在铁合金生产中的结块

Materials Engineering eJournal Pub Date : 2021-09-12 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3926734

Fei Li, Zhibo Sun, Fengyun Yan

引用次数: 1

Furnace Linings With Environmentally Friendly Materials 炉衬采用环保材料

Materials Engineering eJournal Pub Date : 2021-09-12 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3927629

L. Lindstad, Antoine Autruffe, M. Bryntesen

{"title":"Furnace Linings With Environmentally Friendly Materials","authors":"L. Lindstad, Antoine Autruffe, M. Bryntesen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3927629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3927629","url":null,"abstract":"The monolithic lining solution for ferroalloys furnaces has developed from the use of hot ramming pastes with coal tar pitch binder, to cold ramming pastes with less harmful components, or non-harmful components. New materials demand improved installation procedures, but they also improve work environment. A good installation is then easier to obtain and control. Recommended changes in installation of new and health friendly materials are given together with measurements of baked properties. We have shown that coal tar pitch containing materials are robust against different heating rates and temperature plateaus, in the previous Infacon. Heating and curing of environmentally friendly materials, are often much more demanding. Measured temperatures inside a monolithic lining during baking are shown together with simulated temperatures done with COMSOL. Properties of new and old materials together with temperatures, and different heating rates are given. These show which changes that should be done in procedures when old and harmful materials are changed into health friendly materials. Temperature measurements and simulations also show when critical areas of the lining are baked, and metal production can start.","PeriodicalId":18268,"journal":{"name":"Materials Engineering eJournal","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78599575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0