Materials Chemistry and Physics最新文献

{"title":"Transparent heat reflecting PVA/Cu/PVA photonic structures for energy saving smart windows","authors":"C.P. Jinsi,&nbsp;N. Hamna,&nbsp;M.S. Meenu,&nbsp;Anu Avarachan,&nbsp;Akhil Varghese,&nbsp;Riju C. Issac","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Development of transparent heat reflecting, hence energy-saving windows using cost-effective materials has a pivotal role in interior temperature control of buildings, especially considering the regular growth in ambient temperature globally. The present article focuses on developing polymer/metal/polymer transparent heat reflection (THR) multilayer coatings on glass substrates. We have used polyvinyl alcohol as the polymer and copper films as metal coatings in the three-layer stack that was fabricated. We investigate the structure, uniformity, continuity, and optical properties of PVA/Cu/PVA multilayers using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope, ellipsometry, stylus profilometer, and UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer. The optical modeling using COMSOL Multiphysics software optimizes individual layer thickness. Annealing at 70 °C enhances the THR property and improves crystallinity. Samples annealed at 70 °C for 30 min with 95 nm thick PVA (2w/v %) and Cu of 15 nm thickness show maximum optical transmittance of 76.6 % in the visible band centered at 605 nm while transmitting only ≈ 9.2 % at 2000 nm in the infrared region. The high visible transmittance and low infrared transmittance of the PVA/Cu/PVA multilayer have the potential for energy-saving smart window applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"336 ","pages":"Article 130545"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143436607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laser patterns on the surface properties of 3YSZ-Barium titanate composites; investigating its antibacterial properties and cellular response","authors":"Majid Kaboosi ,&nbsp;Hudsa Majidian ,&nbsp;Leila Nikzad ,&nbsp;Arash Ghalandarzadeh ,&nbsp;Farshad Farajnezhad","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zirconia-barium titanate (ZB) composites are potential implants that would directly contact with living tissues. Improvements of the bioactivity, antibacterial properties, and adhesion of the implants to the tissues are considered as an interesting topic. In this study, two different patterns of laser texturing were applied to ZB composites. The effect of patterns was investigated in terms of varying laser powers (11, 13, and 15 W) and various line spacing (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 mm) on water contact angle. The composition, wettability, and surface roughness of the prepared composites were characterized. Also, the improvement of biological performance (antibacterial activity, cell culture and viability, cell morphology) of ZB composites was assessed. Based on the results, the groove laser texturing favored surface hydrophilicity, while, grid laser pattern induced hydrophobicity to the surface. The laser-patterned ZB composites showed a higher surface roughness than the non-patterned sample. The result showed that surface pattern affects not only viability, but also osteoblast differentiation, adhesion, and morphology. The cells cultured on micro-grid and micro-groove surfaces for 3 and 7 days showed a noticeable difference in cell morphology. However, it was clear that the micro-grid patterned surface supported better adhesion, leading to a higher cell density. Grid laser pattern was a promising approach for reducing bacterial colonization on the ZB surface.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"335 ","pages":"Article 130535"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fiber-reinforced hydrogel combined with 3D printed scaffolds for regeneration of osteochondral defects","authors":"Huan Liu ,&nbsp;Yichen Dou ,&nbsp;Jiawei Wei ,&nbsp;Shiqi Xiao ,&nbsp;Shue Jin ,&nbsp;Li Yuan ,&nbsp;Jing Wen ,&nbsp;Jiangshan Liu ,&nbsp;Yubao Li ,&nbsp;Jidong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Osteochondral defects present a formidable challenge within the realm of orthopedic medicine. The burgeoning field of tissue engineering holds potential for the amelioration of these injuries. In this vein, we meticulously engineered an integrated osteochondral repair scaffold by combining a short-cut fiber-reinforced hydrogel as a cartilaginous layer with 3D printed scaffold as bone layer. The cartilaginous layer hydrogel is composed of sodium alginate (Alg) and hyaluronic acid (HA), which are similar to the extracellular matrix of chondrocytes. The incorporation of 25 wt% short-cut fibers into the hydrogel substantially enhanced its mechanical integrity and fostered in vitro proliferation and adhesion of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). The bone layer of polylactic glycolic acid copolymer (PLGA)/nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA)/gelatin (Gel) gradient scaffold (PHG) was successfully prepared by constructing Gel network in 3D printed PLGA/n-HA framework. A PHG scaffold semi-immersed in hydrogel forms a comb-toothed interlocking structure with the hydrogel to simulate the bone-cartilage interface at the natural knee joint of the human body. In vivo examinations of osteochondral defect repair corroborate that the integrated scaffold, enriched with 25 % short-cut fibers, efficaciously promotes simultaneous regeneration of cartilage and subchondral bone. Collectively, our findings advocate that the combination of 3D-printed scaffolds and hydrogels could be a promising candidate for functional osteochondral regeneration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"335 ","pages":"Article 130532"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of transition metals (M=Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) on the formation of local and crystal structure of MBTC phases","authors":"Galina Kuz'micheva ,&nbsp;Ivan Akin'shin ,&nbsp;Roman Svetogorov ,&nbsp;Evgeny Khramov ,&nbsp;Ratibor Chumakov ,&nbsp;Quang Nguyen ,&nbsp;Elena Domoroshchina","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, the results of studying the composition (bulk and surface), structure (crystal and local) and biocidal properties of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based on benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (H₃BTC), called <em>M</em>BTC (<em>M</em> = Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn; <em>M</em>²⁺Cl₂·4H₂O precursor), obtained by a hydrothermal method under the same process conditions were presented. XRPD, XAS, XPS, SEM, and FTIR methods were used. The formal charge (FC) was determined for Fe³⁺, Cu²⁺ (Jahn-Teller ion), Zn²⁺ and, for the first time, a mixed FC was determined for Co^(3,2)+, Ni^(3,2)+ and Mn^(3,2)+ (with a higher content of Mn³⁺ Jahn-Teller ions). It was shown that in the <em>M</em> - BTC system, depending on FC<em>M</em>, MOFs with different types of structures are formed (MIL-100 with Fe, sp. gr. Fd3m; HKUST-1 with Cu, sp. gr. Fm3m; <em>M</em>BTC with <em>M</em> = Mn, Co, Ni, sp. gr. P <span><math><mrow><mover><mn>3</mn><mo>‾</mo></mover></mrow></math></span>; <em>M</em>BTC with Zn, sp. gr. C2), in which the coordination environment of <em>M</em> ions is different. The results obtained made it possible to divide MOF structures into 4 groups depending on the nature of the <em>М</em> metals. This allows predicting the topological structural types of <em>M</em>BTC based on the electronic structure of <em>М</em> ions. The results of studying the antimicrobial activity of <em>M</em>BTCs indicate a possible connection between the biocidal properties of bacteria and the electronic structure of <em>M</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"335 ","pages":"Article 130523"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Needle-type and spherical-shaped hydroxyapatite nanoparticles modified with graphene nanoplatelets and silver nanoparticles blended cementitious composites","authors":"Barış Şimşek ,&nbsp;Tayfun Uygunoğlu ,&nbsp;Özge Bildi Ceran ,&nbsp;Ugur Fidan","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biocompatible hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HPs) could be an important candidate for designing sustainable building materials due to the availability of abundant natural resources. HPs modified with conductive nanoparticles could be promising sustainable construction materials for smart buildings. This study investigated the mechanical and electromechanical properties of needle-type and spherical-shaped HPs modified with graphene nanoplatelets (NGP) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)-cement pastes. The results show that the HP concentration was a key factor in the increase of mechanical properties, while the hybridization of NGP and AgNPs with HPs plays a key role in improving the electromechanical properties of cement pastes. The success of the needle-type structure under flexural loading was attributed to the better adhesion of the 1D shape to the cement mortar. Remarkable average stress sensitivity of −4.55 % MPa⁻¹ and −8.78 % MPa⁻¹ were obtained by the samples of pH10G01Ag01 and nH10G01Ag01, respectively, with a linearity error below 0.1 %. A stress sensitivity of −4.12 % MPa⁻¹ was achieved with nH10G01Ag01, while the linear error of 0.25 % was still relatively high. It is concluded that the needle-type HPs behave as an adsorption center for NGP and AGNPs and provide an effective conductive path and overlapping nanoparticles to improve the sensing properties of cement mortars. The main effect plots show a significant effect of AgNPs support on the increase in mechanical and electromechanical properties of HPs-cement pastes by gap-filling and molecular interaction ability of AGNPs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"335 ","pages":"Article 130534"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the sensing performance of Voltammetric, Amperometric and Impedimetric methods toward the detection of the antihypertensive drug valsartan using a tin-based non-enzymatic sensor","authors":"Salah Eddine Berrabah ,&nbsp;Siham Lameche ,&nbsp;Hanane Zazoua ,&nbsp;Mouna Ichrak Khenissa ,&nbsp;Amel Boudjemaa ,&nbsp;Houssyen Yousfi","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In analytical chemistry, the development of effective techniques for the quantification of organic molecules is of great interest. In this paper we evaluate the adaptation of electrochemical techniques i.e. cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for the detection of anti-hypertensive drug Valsartan (Val). Sn/SnO₂NP-film modified electrode was fabricated via an electrochemical route, and characterized using both electrochemical (OCP and EIS) and physicochemical (XRD, SEM-EDS, Raman, ATR-FTIR and XPS) techniques. Furthermore, several electrochemical parameters were calculated and evaluated to fully understand the interfacial reaction with Valsartan and the detection mechanism, including catalytic rate constant (K_Cat = 4.90 × 10³ M⁻¹ s⁻¹) and diffusion coefficient (D = 6.71 × 10⁻⁶ cm² s⁻¹). The non-enzymatic sensor was then used for the detection of Valsartan, based on signal to noise ratio (S/N = 3), the response was found to be satisfactory in compared with other works, with detection limits (LOD) as follow: 1.78 μg mL⁻¹ for CV, 0.90 μg mL⁻¹ for EIS and 0.14 μg mL⁻¹ for CA. Low detection limits can be attributed to the unique multi-layer structure that provides a good synergetic effects and enhance active surface area of Sn/SnO₂NP-film, on one hand, and to the good sensitivity provided by the electrochemical techniques, on the other hand. To further highlight and confirm the detection mechanism of valsartan, we have performed a computational study using Density Functional Theory (DFT). Theoretical results of adsorption energy, dipole moment, and gap value confirm that the formed complex presents appealing properties for detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"337 ","pages":"Article 130536"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalytic reduction, and bio evaluation for new favipiravir silver (I) nano complexes: Synthesis, structural characterization, optical properties, DFT study, and molecular docking","authors":"Doaa A. Nassar ,&nbsp;Omyma A.M. Ali ,&nbsp;Ramadan M. Ramadan ,&nbsp;Zeinab H. Abd El –Wahab","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since favipiravir is an important in medicinal and silver ion also contributes to the pharmaceutical sector, this work intended to construct silver favipiravir nano complexes using sonication and reduction methods. A careful characterization of the created complexes is done to explore the coordination behavior of favipiravir with Ag (I) ion using CHN analysis, (FT-IR, ¹H NMR, mass, UV–Vis, fluorescence) spectra, TG-DTG, PXRD, TEM, BTE, molar conductance, and DFT study. The molar ratio and Job's continuous variation methods show that favipiravir reaction with Ag (I) ion can generate the 1:1 complex. Favipiravir bound to the Ag (I) ion in a neutral bidentate OO manner, and the complexes are nonelectrolyte, amorphous, tetrahedral shaped, nanoscale, semiconductor, display direct optical transition with non-metallic nature, and mesopore range. Studies using molecular modelling revealed that the theoretical and experimental data agree well. The created complexes proved to be an efficient catalyst for reduction of <em>o</em>-nitrophenol with a remarkable degradation efficiency. Also, invitro antimicrobial and anticancer study were applied against various species of microbes (<em>S. aureus</em>, <em>B</em>. <em>subtilis</em>, <em>P</em>. <em>vulgaris, E, coli</em>, <em>A. flavus, and C</em>. <em>albicans</em>, and cancer cell lines (HepG-2, and MCF-7). The molecular docking investigations against 1BNA (nucleic acid B-DNA), 6CF1 (<em>Proteus vulgaris</em>), and 4WLI (<em>Bacillus subtilis</em>) were investigated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"337 ","pages":"Article 130530"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-voltage pulse electropolishing of niobium and 3.9 GHz SRF cavity in ionic liquid electrolytes without hydrofluoric acid","authors":"Kaixin Li ,&nbsp;Zhenjun Peng ,&nbsp;Shengxue Zhang ,&nbsp;Lu Li ,&nbsp;Qingwei Chu ,&nbsp;Teng Tan ,&nbsp;Yuan He ,&nbsp;Cheng Lu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities' inner surfaces must be buffer chemical polished (BCP) or electropolished (EP) to remove the damaged layer. The better smoothness of the SRF cavity's inner surface can improve its performance. This paper is the first to use ionic liquids and high-voltage pulse electropolishing (hp-EP) for niobium and 3.9 GHz cavity, breaking through the limitations of traditional BCP and EP which must use HF and other concentrated acids, and significantly improving polishing efficiency. It systematically studies the main parameters of hp-EP, such as voltage, duty cycle, and ammonium fluoride concentration, on the effects of current density, polishing rate, and surface roughness. By summarizing hp-EP rules, it achieves controllable electropolishing of niobium. Surface analysis of Nb samples after hp-EP shows a reduction in surface roughness, resulting in a uniform, mirror-like niobium surface. Niobium samples achieve a rapid electropolishing rate under the combined action of electrochemical mechanisms and mechanical mechanisms. To observe the surface state of the 3.9 cavity after hp-EP, the tube and the cell part are treated separately. The electric field of the cell part is simulated by COMSOL Multiphysics, and different cathode electrodes were designed. The results demonstrate that the cathode electrode shape significantly affects the hp-EP effect. Finally, the inner surface of the tube and cell is polished to achieve a bright surface. This work provides a new perspective in the SRF field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"335 ","pages":"Article 130506"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrolytic refinement of silver-enriched copper anodes for producing high-purity cathode copper utilizing ionic liquid additives","authors":"Yankun Li ,&nbsp;Airong Xu ,&nbsp;Haitao Liu ,&nbsp;Chu Cheng ,&nbsp;Chen Chen ,&nbsp;Kexing Song ,&nbsp;Jing Tian ,&nbsp;Yingang Guo ,&nbsp;Weiwei Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the process of fabricating high-purity copper, the high silver (Ag) content in copper plates poses a significant impurity issue, adversely affecting the quality and appearance of cathode copper, such as purity and surface finish. Moreover, it diminishes the electrolytic efficiency during production and escalates costs. This study successfully reduced the silver content in cathode copper from 7 g/t to 4.5 g/t by employing 1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C₃NH₂CIm][Cl]) as an single yet multifunctional additive to regulate the copper electrolytic refining process, thereby enhancing the purity of the cathode copper. The cathode copper products and anode slime prepared were characterized and analyzed using techniques such as SEM, XRD, and XPS. The findings indicated that [C₃NH₂CIm][Cl] exerts a flocculation effect on anode slime during electrolysis, mitigating the adhesion and inclusion of suspended anode slime in cathode copper. Furthermore, the silver decreasing efficacy of [C₃NH₂CIm][Cl] in the copper electrolytic refining process was investigated through electrochemical characterization. It was observed that [C₃NH₂CIm][Cl] can react with Ag⁺ to form precipitates, thereby reducing the concentration of Ag⁺ in the solution. Additionally, [C₃NH₂CIm][Cl] can complex with Ag⁺, elevating the electrode potential of Ag⁺ during the electrolytic refining process, making it less likely for Ag⁺ to be reduced at the cathode under comparable conditions. This research provides an effective additive strategy for improving the purity and production efficiency of copper.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"335 ","pages":"Article 130521"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and properties of modified montmorillonite by zinc-phosphate for anticorrosion applications in protective coatings","authors":"Sergiy Korniy,&nbsp;Mariia-Olena Danyliak,&nbsp;Serhii Lavrys","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anticorrosion pigments based on natural montmorillonite modified with zinc cations and phosphate anions were obtained by liquid-phase two-stage ion exchange. They are the promising of being used as part of protective coatings on steel. The primary exchangeable calcium and sodium cations of montmorillonite were replaced by Zn²⁺ in its interlayer space, and bonds of PO₄⁻³ anions were formed on the edge surfaces of aluminium hydroxyl octahedra and silica tetrahedra of the montmorillonite structure by modification in the Na₃PO₄ solution with the addition of Zn(NO₃)₂ solution. The corrosion resistance of low-carbon steel increases in an acid rain environment with the addition of 2 g/l of modified Zn/P montmorillonites using potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and weight loss test. The inhibitory efficiency of the montmorillonites depends on the concentration of the Na₃PO₄ solution. The Zn/P montmorillonite obtained from 0.05 M Na₃PO₄ solution had the highest inhibitory efficiency, which remained above 90 %. The protective effect of modified montmorillonites in an acid rain environment is based on the release of zinc cations from the interlayer space of the montmorillonite, which interact with OH⁻ anions to form metal hydroxides and the formation of iron phosphates with the stabilization of a protective film.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"335 ","pages":"Article 130537"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}