International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research最新文献

{"title":"LONG TERM STUDIES TO EVALUATE SOIL FERTILITY FOR CITRUS IN SARPANG, BHUTAN: CURRENT PRACTICES AND NUTRIENT STATUS","authors":"S. Chhetri, T. Uden, T. Pem, M. Gurung, K. Jamtsho","doi":"10.51193/ijaer.2021.7307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51193/ijaer.2021.7307","url":null,"abstract":"Citrus represents Bhutan’s largest fresh fruit export. It is one of the main sources of income for rural households. However, citrus production is declining over the years mostly due to low soil fertility. This paper is the results of the long term studies conducted in 2013 and 2018 to determine the status and development in soil fertility management. Over 200 soil samples were collected from six villages. The soil samples were analyzed and interpreted for pH, organic matter percent (OM%), primary nutrients, carbon to nitrogen ratio (C:N), cation exchange capacity (CEC),and base saturation percent (BS%). The results revealed that soil pH values were within a very acidic range and lower than the optimum pH level of 5.5-6.5. The average OM content was within moderate range and no change was observed over the years in soil fertility rating. The level of phosphorous (P) decreased over the years but no major difference was observed in the fertility rating of total nitrogen percent (N%). Deficiency in potassium (K) was observed, and most of the soils recorded low K levels in both years. The C:N ratio was within moderate to good range, CEC improved over the years but BS% remained to be on the lower side indication acidic soils.","PeriodicalId":182275,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122957538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SOIL PROTISTS COMMUNITY COMPOSITION UNDER DIFFERENT VINEYARD FLOOR MANAGEMENT TYPE","authors":"S. R. Zaragoza, G. Eshel, Tirtza Doniger, C. Sherman, Y. Steinbergerc","doi":"10.51193/ijaer.2021.7403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51193/ijaer.2021.7403","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":182275,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132790493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECT OF VARIOUS IRRIGATION LEVELS AND FERTILIZER MATERIALS ON WATER USE AND YIELD OF ONION UNDER CHECK BASIN IRRIGATION","authors":"Engr. Oliver Uchechukwu Eze, Ugwuegbu Ikechukwu Emmanuel","doi":"10.51193/ijaer.2023.9202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51193/ijaer.2023.9202","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of various irrigation levels and fertilizer materials on water use and yield of onion crop (Allium cepa L.). The experiment was carried out at the Irrigation Research Farm which is located at latitude 110 11’ N longitude 70 38’E and 686m above the mean sea level in the Northern Guinea Savanna ecological zone of Nigeria (semi-arid zone). A randomized block design was used, with four irrigation levels and three fertilizer materials in three replications. Water was conveyed to the check basins using calibrated 7.5cm diameter Plastic pipes under observation using stopwatch. The minimum crop water use was 275.4mm corresponding to the treatment 25% irrigation level and chicken droppings (CH) while the maximum CWU was 405.2mm corresponding to 100% irrigation level and Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium (NPK). The crop water use efficiency varied from a minimum value of 1.24kg/m3 recorded at 25% irrigation level and NPK to a maximum value of 2.41 kg/m3 recorded at 100% irrigation level and CD. The highest irrigation water use efficiency of 1.02kg/m3 was recorded at 25% irrigation level and CH while the corresponding lowest value of 0.23kg/m3 was recorded at the 75% irrigation level and NPK. This implies that irrigation water use efficiency has an indirect relationship with irrigation level. The biomass yield ranged from the minimum of 22.0 t/ha recorded at the 75% irrigation level and NPK to the maximum of 39.2t/ha obtained from 100% irrigation level and CH. After curing, the yield ranged from 13.9t/ha to 25.6t/ha obtained from 25% irrigation level and CD and 100% irrigation level and CH respectively.","PeriodicalId":182275,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133196820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATION OF TOMATO (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L.) GENOTYPES FOR FRUIT, YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS","authors":"","doi":"10.51193/ijaer.2023.9102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51193/ijaer.2023.9102","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation entitled “Evaluation of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) genotypes for fruit, yield and quality traits’ was carried out at the vegetable research farm, Guru Kashi University, Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda during year 2020-2021. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Thirty genotypes including a check cultivar were evaluated for different horticultural traits. The observations were recorded, number of branches per plant, plant height (cm), average fruit weight (g), equatorial diameter of fruit (cm), polar diameter of fruit (cm), number of locules per fruit, pericarp thickness (mm), fruit pH, fruit TSS (Brix), number of fruits per plant and Average yield per plant (kg). Analysis of variance showed significant differences among genotypes for all the characters under study. Maximum numbers of branches were recorded in Sel Oval (6.01). The maximum plant height 169.00 cm was recorded in the genotype Sel-135. Sel 137 recorded maximum number of fruits per plant (71.30). Maximum average fruit weight was recorded in Sel-137 (104.00g.) as compared to check variety Pb Ratta-167 (68g). Sel IT-8 was found maximum equatorial diameter of fruit (6.13 cm) and maximum polar diameter of fruit (6.10 cm). Maximum number of locules per plant (7) was found in Sel Small Round. Maximum pericarp thickness (7.3 mm) was observed in Sel B1-9. Maximum value for fruit pH (4.60) was recorded in Sel-136. Maximum value for fruit TSS (4.430Brix) was recorded in Sel 15 ob-9. Maximum yield per plant was recorded in Sel B1-9 (3.75 kg).The genotypes SEL-137, Sel 30 and Sel B1-9 gave highest fruit yield.","PeriodicalId":182275,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131803435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A STUDY ON ROLE OF WOMEN IN WATERSHED MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES IN UTTARKASHI AND BAGESHWAR DISTRICT OF UTTARAKHAND","authors":"Shikha Singh, N. Bhardwaj","doi":"10.51193/IJAER.2020.6611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51193/IJAER.2020.6611","url":null,"abstract":"In Uttarakhand mountain areas, the trend of men migrating to cities for job or their shifting to local salaried employment has created such space for women. Addressing gender and NRM together acknowledges the ecological imbalance and seeks to ensure that the contributions of both men and women are recognized to manage natural resources effectively and sustainably. Uttarakhand has been selected as the universe of the study. Out of 13 districts two districts namely Uttarkashi and Bageshwar were selected purposively as the locale for the proposed study. Data revealed that women played dominant role in the activities of nursery, organic manure, mulching and tree planting. These activities generally performed by women. Those activities which require physical strength, staying outdoors for long hours, traveling outdoors and negotiating with male members were performed by men. 69.66 per cent respondents reported reservation policy was the most effective measure to increase women participation in decision making.","PeriodicalId":182275,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134212453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECT OF FERTILIZER LEVELS WITH PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR (GA3) IN WHEAT CROP (Triticum aestivum L.)","authors":"B. K. Pandey, N. K. Verma, Vashisht Kumar, N. Singh, M. Yadav, Dr. U.C. Tripathi","doi":"10.51193/ijaer.2021.7610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51193/ijaer.2021.7610","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":182275,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117065024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT OF AQUACULTURE TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE NORTHERN COAST OF VIETNAM","authors":"Do Tra My Tran, Ngoc Khac Hoang, Van Dai Hoang, A. Hoang, Tien-thanh Nguyen","doi":"10.51193/ijaer.2020.6407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51193/ijaer.2020.6407","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is a major global concern that greatly affects people, including their source of living. It was reported that Vietnam, a country with 70 percent of total population lives along coastal areas and in islands, is one of the five countries most severely affected by climate change. Aquaculture may be vulnerable to variations in climate in multiple ways in such countries with the long coastline as Vietnam. In this study, the vulnerability of aquaculture to climate change in the northern coast of Vietnam was assessed at the local scale based on the concept of vulnerability as a function of sensitivity to climate change, exposure to climate change and adaptive capacity. A total of 15 detailed indicators were used to calculate exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. It was found that the vulnerability of the northern coastal area was mainly at medium level, however, the high level of vulnerability was detected in districts and cities with long coastline. No areas were also detected at very low and very high levels of climate change vulnerability. These results suggest adaptation strategies to these high levels of vulnerability of aquaculture areas can help to increase society's resilience to climate change.","PeriodicalId":182275,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"168 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124693413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RICE PRODUCTION ECONOMICS OF SUB-TROPICAL AGROECOLOGY IN SOUTHERN BHUTAN","authors":"T. Tashi, Chezang Dendup","doi":"10.51193/IJAER.2020.6602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51193/IJAER.2020.6602","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of this study were to assess the profitability of rice cultivation under the current cultivation practices through the determination of cost and return in Southern Bhutan. Using the multi-stage random sampling method, 300 farmers were included in the sample. The main tool used for data collection was a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Budgeting techniques and descriptive statistics were used for analyzing the data. The study reveals that gross return was Nu. 52500 (≈USD 740) acre -1 of rice cultivation from the investment of Nu. 52434 (≈USD 738.5). Thus, the gross margin was Nu. 1066 (≈USD 15) which is equivalent to 2.1% of the total overall cost. The analysis shows that a benefit-cost ratio of 1.021 with break-even price and yield at Nu. 69 (≈USD 0.97) Kg -1 and 735 Kg milled rice respectively. Rice farming was found labour intensive and it accounts for 77% of the total cost whereas that of other costs constitutes only 13%. Sensitivity analysis on the benefit-cost ratio shows that rice production is more sensitive to change in productivity and labor requirements than subsidy. Despite low productivity, soil fertility and crop management were found poor in southern Bhutan. Thus, the study recommends technical intervention such as farm mechanization and exploration of labor-saving technologies, adoption of high-yielding improved varieties, soil, and crop management. On the flip side, pertinent policy interventions like subsidies, compensation, and incentives are also important to make rice farming profitable.","PeriodicalId":182275,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124726562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GENETIC VARIABILITY STUDIES AMONG OKRA (ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS (L.) MOENCH) VARIETIES GROWN IN SUDAN SAVANNAH AGRO-ECOLOGICAL ZONE OF NIGERIA","authors":"A. Hamisu, A. Magashi, K. D. Dawaki, A. Abdullahi, N. Munkaila, I. Dankano","doi":"10.51193/ijaer.2021.7305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51193/ijaer.2021.7305","url":null,"abstract":"The research was carried out at the teaching and research farm Gaya, Kano University of science and technology Wudil, Kano State and Kiyawa, Jigawa State Nigeria, during 2019/2020 dry season using irrigation to evaluate the genetic variability among some okra varieties grown in Sudan savannah agro-ecological zone of Nigeria. The experiments were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four (4) replications. The treatments consisted of eight Okra varieties (G207, LD88-1, NHAE47-4, Kunchin Biri, Clemson, ‘Yar yamidi, G989, and NHBIA-13). Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) as described by Snedecor and Cochran (1967), and mean were separated by (SNK) at 5% level of significance using the Statistical Application for the Sciences software (SAS, 2003). Analysis of variance indicated that 9 varieties of okra under study differ significantly for 11 quantitative characters such days to 50% germination, days to 50% flowering, days ta first harvest, duration of fruiting, mean pod diameter, mean pod length, number of leaves, number of branches, plant canopy, number of pods per plant, and pod yield per plant in combined analysis across two locations. Taking a simultaneous investigation of the three important genetic parameters together such as genotypic co-efficient of variation, heritability and predicted genetic advance at a glance at phenotypic and genotypic level, characters like days to 50% germination, days to 50% flowering, days to first harvest, duration of fruiting, mean pod diameter, mean pod length, number of leaves at harvest and number of pods per plant showed higher values for heritability and genetic advanced. The experiments were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four (4) replications. The two experimental sites were ploughed and harrowed to obtain favourable condition for crop establishment. The entire lands were razed and assemble into seed beds; water channels were also assembled to facilitate good and free water movement and uniform distribution on the plots. The experimental fields were harrow to obtain good tilt and seed beds were made by using small hoes and furrow irrigation to create a favourable condition for plant establishment. The gross field size was 40m x 11m (440m 2 ), while the net plot size and the plot size were 2m x 2m (4m 2 ). A distance of 0.5m and 1m was left between plots and replication, respectively. The seeds were sown 30 cm intra and 75 cm inter row spacing respectively. Two seeds were sown on each spot to acquire adequate germination. The crops were irrigated immediately after planting, and subsequently irrigation was done at 3 – 4 days interval. The 15:15:15 NPK fertilizer at the rate of 60 kg N/ha was applied at two split application, three weeks after planting and at flowering stages. Hand hoeing was used to control weeds at 3 and 6 WAS and occasional hand pulling was done to ensure weed free plots and to avoid competition for soil moisture, nu","PeriodicalId":182275,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122719530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPARATIVE STUDY OF BOTANICALS AND SYNTHETIC INSECTICIDE ON THE CONTROL OF INSECT PESTS AND DISEASES OF COWPEA","authors":"D. Agbor, T. Oben, Lesly T. Afoh, K. S. Eboh, Yanik F. Kum, Collins T. Fon, John D. Dohnji","doi":"10.51193/ijaer.2022.8212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51193/ijaer.2022.8212","url":null,"abstract":"The quest to minimize synthetic insecticide use due to their adverse environmental effects and the need to improve yield has led to eco-friendly botanical pesticides use. This study was carried out to demonstrate the efficacy of garlic and lemon liquid botanical extracts in mitigating cowpea insect pests, diseases and increasing yield at Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Buea, Cameroon. The design was a randomized complete block with four treatments, replicated four times. The treatments comprised synthetic insecticide, garlic liquid extract, lemon liquid extract, and control. Data collected were subjected to ANOVA (P<0.05). Cowpea vegetative parameters differed significantly (P<0.05), with garlic liquid extract dominating synthetic insecticide in the number of leaves having 32 highest leaves, but there was no significance between botanical pesticides and synthetic insecticide. Botanical pesticides effectively mitigated pest, significantly different from the control (P<0.05) but similar to the synthetic insecticide. Garlic liquid extract had 11 thrips per 10 flowers, three less than synthetic insecticide, and one pod borer/10 flowers less than synthetic insecticide. Fusarium oxysporium, Curvularia lunata and Botryodiplodia theobromae (BT) were identified to infect cowpea. Least disease incidence was 11.6 % from plants treated with garlic liquid extract. Cowpea treated with garlic liquid extract was least infected with the pathogens (23). The highest weight of pods yield was recorded in garlic liquid extract 10 kg/treatment with the lowest in control 5 kg/treatment and differed significantly (P<0.05) across treatments. Thus garlic and lemon liquid extracts improved cowpea yield while minimizing environmental hazards.","PeriodicalId":182275,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125177400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}