Marine and Petroleum Geology最新文献

{"title":"Influence of contour currents on the flow dynamics and deposition patterns of turbidity currents in deep-sea channels","authors":"Junkai Sun ,&nbsp;Xiaolei Liu ,&nbsp;Chenglin Gong ,&nbsp;Xingsen Guo ,&nbsp;Yang Lu ,&nbsp;Yijie Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107622","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107622","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Contour currents alter the movement and deposition of turbidity currents, forming a mixed turbidite-contourite system that is essential for the cross-shelf transport of material and energy, as well as the formation and evolution of submarine canyons and channels. However, the specific details of the interaction processes remain unclear due to limited field observations and potential biases in interpretations based on sedimentary results. This numerical study investigates turbidity current-contour currents interactions by analyzing flow dynamics and deposition patterns. Without contour currents, turbidity currents predominantly flow along the channel centerline with minor deviations, exhibiting nearly symmetrical overspill on both sides. The presence of contour currents leads to the coexistence of blocked overspill on the up-current channel side, tractional transport of fine-grained sediments on the down-current channel side, and enhanced Kelvin–Helmholtz (K-H) waves within the channel. The erosion of the down-current channel side is facilitated by the intensified K-H waves, while its deposition is concurrently promoted by the tractional transport of fine-grained sediments. In this simulation, the influence of tractional transport of fine-grained sediments surpasses that of K-H waves, as the calculated additional deposition rate exceeds the additional erosion rate, resulting in an up-current migrating channel. However, variations in parameters of the turbidity currents, contour currents, and topography may allow K-H waves to dominate, potentially leading to a down-current migrating channel. Considering the competition between these two effects, this paper proposes a novel mechanism for the interaction between turbidity currents and contour currents. This offers new insights into the formation of unidirectional migrating channels and provides valuable references for the study of deep-sea canyon geomorphological evolution and hydrocarbon resource exploration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18189,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 107622"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145270614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying the effect of chlorite on reservoir quality and CO2 sequestration in deep saline aquifers from the permian tight sandstone reservoir in the ordos basin, China","authors":"Yaxin Shang ,&nbsp;Keyu Liu ,&nbsp;Ziyi Wang ,&nbsp;Bo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chlorite can strongly affect the quality of clastic sandstone reservoirs and may also impact the potential of geologic sequestration of CO₂ in deep saline aquifers. However, there is a lack of quantitative evaluation of the effect of chlorite on CO₂ sequestration in sandstones to date. Here we applied a suite of analytical techniques including petrographic and petrological analysis, X-ray diffraction measurement, petrophysical analysis, and CO₂-fluid-rock reactive-transport simulations to investigate the impact of chlorite on both reservoir quality and CO₂ geological sequestration in the Upper Permian sandstones in the northeastern Ordos Basin, China. Three types of chlorite are present in the reservoir sandstone: grain-coating, pore-throat-blocking, and pore-filling. Grain-coating chlorite sandstones feature thin chlorite wrapping on sand grain surfaces that effectively prevent quartz cementation, thus preserving good reservoir porosity and permeability. Pore-throat-blocking chlorite sandstones generally exhibit high porosity but low permeability with the thick chlorite coatings inhibiting quartz cement growth and preserving porosity while blocking pore throats and reducing permeability. Pore-filling chlorite sandstones are characterized by both low porosity and low permeability due to extensive chlorite filling of the pore spaces as matrix. Reactive transport simulations demonstrate that high-porosity and -permeability reservoir sandstones may not always be the most favorable sandstone type for CO₂ geological sequestration when considering the key geochemical sequestration mechanisms (<em>i.e.</em> dissolution and mineral trapping). When disregarding the impact of chlorite on reservoir quality, pore-filling chlorite sandstones, with their high chlorite content, are most suitable for CO₂ sequestration due to their greater capacity for trapping CO₂ via mineralization. However, when both chlorite abundance and reservoir quality factors are considered, pore-throat-blocking chlorite sandstones would possess the largest total CO₂ sequestration capacity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18189,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 107619"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145270613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What scientific ocean drilling has taught us about the permeability of marine sediments","authors":"Hugh Daigle ,&nbsp;Eli Cable ,&nbsp;Carlos Figueroa-Diaz ,&nbsp;Jordan Jee ,&nbsp;Aidan Pyrcz","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Scientific ocean drilling has provided a significant amount of information about the marine subsurface over the last 57 years, including samples and data pertaining to physical properties, geochemistry, microbiology, lithology, stratigraphy, and structural geology. Our understanding of subsurface mass transport has benefited from many hundreds of permeability measurements performed on scientific ocean drilling samples. We assembled a database of 836 permeability measurements along with other physical properties measured shipboard, including determinations of porosity and grain density from moisture and density (MAD) measurements, natural gamma radiation and magnetic susceptibility from multisensory core logger (MSCL) measurements, total carbonate content, and lithological description, silt percentage, and clay percentage from smear slides. The goals of our study were assessing the state of our understanding of marine sediment permeability, assessing processes that control permeability, and the best ways to leverage legacy ocean drilling samples and datasets to improve our understanding of the subsurface. We found that the majority of permeability samples (71 %) come from the Pacific Ocean, particularly its active margins; that clays and silts are the most frequently tested lithologies; that the depth distribution of samples is similar to the overall depth distribution of drilled holes, indicating that the data are not biased towards particular depth ranges; and that the permeabilities obtained span nearly 11 orders of magnitude. We observed weak to no correlation between permeability and the physical properties we considered, but we were able to train a random forest regression model to predict permeability within about half an order of magnitude based on measurements that were performed previously or can be obtained from unpreserved, legacy cores. This presents an opportunity to be able to predict permeability in more locations globally and answer research questions about fluid flow and pore pressure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18189,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 107632"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145270562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovery of an active crater-like mud volcano at ∼42°S on the Chilean margin: structural controls and gas hydrate associations","authors":"Cristian Rodrigo,&nbsp;Fernanda Ruiz,&nbsp;Nitza Garrido,&nbsp;Ximena Contardo","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Submarine mud volcanoes (MVs) are seafloor features commonly found in tectonically active margins with high sedimentation and compressional regimes. This study reports the first discovery of a prominent crater-like mud volcano on the Chilean margin, named the Cucao Mud Volcano (CMV), located ∼86 km offshore Chiloé Island (∼42°S) at a depth of 1800 m. Multichannel seismic data reveal that the CMV is structurally emplaced along the crest of a faulted anticline within a transpressional setting, indicating that tectonic deformation governs both its morphology and fluid pathways. A strong, continuous Bottom Simulating Reflector (BSR), seismic blanking, bright spots, and chaotic facies in the shallow subsurface suggest the presence of gas hydrates, free gas, and active fluid migration. High-resolution multibeam bathymetry and backscatter mosaics show a caldera-like edifice with a central crater, dome-shaped flanks, and surrounding depressions. Comparative data from 2012 to 2018 indicate reduced surface activity, possibly reflecting a transition to a quiescent phase. Additionally, dome-shaped reflectors above the BSR suggest diapir-like intrusions and vertical conduits associated with gas hydrate dissociation and overpressure. These findings underscore the complex interplay between tectonics, gas hydrate systems, and mud volcanism, positioning the CMV as a key site for understanding fluid dynamics along convergent continental margins.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18189,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 107618"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of periodically active cold seep and gas hydrate systems in Krishna-Godavari offshore basin, India","authors":"Jin Qian ,&nbsp;Xiujuan Wang ,&nbsp;Jiapeng Jin ,&nbsp;Maheswar Ojha ,&nbsp;Nengyou Wu ,&nbsp;Ranjana Ghosh ,&nbsp;Kalachand Sain ,&nbsp;Zhen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107615","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107615","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the Krishna-Godavari (K-G) offshore basin, India, a 130 m thick fracture-filling gas hydrate-bearing layer (GHBL), associated with near-seafloor paleo-cold seep activity, was identified during drilling and coring at Site NGHP-01-10 (Site 10). Our new analyses of drilling cores and pore-water show that authigenic carbonates and shells are present throughout the upper 200 mbsf at Site 10, with two separate intervals of high chloride concentrations up to 663 mM. It indicates a periodically active cold seep and relatively young hydrate system. This study combines core, well log and seismic data to gain insight into the fine characteristics and detailed formation process of such a thick paleo-cold seep and hydrate system. Seismic imaging of newly interpreted chimney-like structures, growth faults and multiple stacked mass transport deposits (MTDs) illustrates that the system is located within a geologically disturbed sediment zone. Synthetic seismogram-derived time-depth relationship between seismic and core data shows that multiple MTDs repeatedly control the paleo-cold seeps and further influence the hydrate. A new paleo-cold seep and hydrate system is identified southeast of Site 10, where seismic data reveal a buried vent characterized by a high amplitude reflection consistent with seafloor polarity, along with high density and velocity indicative of authigenic carbonates. These two thick systems probably formed in stages due to the clear stratifications on the seismic data, 2D anisotropic saturations and internal chimney-like structures. They are originated from diapirism and growth faulting, and their lateral extent depends on the fracture zone width within the anticline ridge. After formation, the process of hydrate recycling is triggered by the sedimentation and has led to the upward shift of the system. Our findings indicate that there exists a periodically active cold seep and gas hydrate system at Site 10. The activity of this periodic system can account for the formation of the multilayered or thick GHBL, and facilitate an understanding of the evolution of the paleo-cold seep found around the world. Although the cold seep at Site 10 is not active and the hydrate is currently only in the chloride diffusion stage, the underlying gas accumulation means that new cold seep and hydrate systems may form in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18189,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 107615"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying source-rocks using trace-elements and garnet discrimination diagrams: Example from Potiguar Basin, equatorial margin, NE Brazil","authors":"Suyane Gonçalves de Campos ,&nbsp;Marcus Vinicius Dorneles Remus ,&nbsp;Bruno Rafael de Barros Pereira ,&nbsp;Cristiano de Carvalho Lana ,&nbsp;Marcia Boscato Gomes ,&nbsp;Susan Drago Martins ,&nbsp;Norberto Dani ,&nbsp;Emilson Fernandes Soares ,&nbsp;Diogo Andre Buck","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sedimentary provenance analysis based on the major element composition of detrital garnet and tourmaline is a conventional and widely used method. However, overlapping compositional fields in standard garnet classification diagrams often hinder the accurate identification of source areas. To overcome such ambiguities, this study applies an integrated analytical approach. The methodology involved the compositional analysis of major and trace elements (Zn, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu) in 1043 garnet grains, major elements in 1493 tourmaline grains, and multivariate statistical analysis to refine the provenance of sandstones from the Pendência, Alagamar and Açu formations (Potiguar Basin, NE Brazil). Initial classification using major elements suggested a significant contribution from felsic igneous sources (Bi-type). However, trace-element geochemistry revealed that a significant portion of these garnets (<span><math><mrow><mo>≈</mo><mn>79</mn><mtext>%</mtext></mrow></math></span> of the original Bi type) shows an affinity with amphibolite and granulite-facies metapelites. This reclassification is corroborated by the predominance of tourmalines derived from metapelites and by the statistical analysis of the major elements of the garnets in the investigated samples. Therefore, the results indicate that the sediment supply for the studied formations has a more significant metasedimentary contribution than suggested by conventional methods alone. The integrated data point to the Seridó Terrane and the Caicó Complex, within the Borborema Province, as the most likely source areas, with a predominance of amphibolite-facies and, secondarily, granulite-facies metasedimentary rocks. The participation of igneous sources was more evident in the pre-rift phase due to precursor and contemporaneous Cretaceous magmatic activity. A mixed supply, with an expressive contribution from igneous and metamorphic basement sources, characterized the rift phase (Pendência Formation). The post-rift (Alagamar Formation) and drift (Açu Formation) phases maintained this mixed pattern, with a predominance of metasedimentary sources from the basement, but with the addition of new magmatic pulses and the reworking of preexisting volcaniclastic materials during the drift phase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18189,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 107608"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The biomarker signatures in the Niujiaotang sulfide ore field: Exploring the role of organic matter in ore formation","authors":"Yong Cheng ,&nbsp;Jia-Xi Zhou ,&nbsp;Yuzhao Hu ,&nbsp;Saihua Xu ,&nbsp;Shengbao Shi ,&nbsp;Yiming Wen ,&nbsp;Qi Nie ,&nbsp;Ye Zhou ,&nbsp;Kai Luo ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Tan ,&nbsp;Liang Zhou ,&nbsp;Yadong Li ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaoliang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Niujiaotang Mississippi Valley-Type (MVT) Pb–Zn deposit (SW China) hosts 0.35 Mt Zn (5.85–24.48 wt%) and 5.3 kt Cd (0.04–1.43 wt%). Although previous inorganic geochemical studies have indicated a significant role of organic matter in mineralization, critical organic geochemical evidence is still lacking. This study presents the first integrated biomarker investigation of solid bitumen derived from the host rock of the deposit, clarifying the sources of organic matter, its thermal evolution, and metallogenic implications. Hydrothermal alteration assessments reveal that biomarker distributions have undergone only mild biodegradation and reliably preserved source and maturity information. Multiple maturity proxies indicate an over-mature stage (&gt;150 °C), which meets the thermal requirement for thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR). Saturated and aromatic hydrocarbon fingerprints, combined with carbon-isotope data, demonstrate derivation from Lower Cambrian source rocks dominated by marine algal/bacterial organic matter with minor terrestrial higher-plant input. The relative abundances of dibenzothiophene series compounds (5.84–9.54 %, mean 7.27 %) versus biphenyls (1.77–7.01 %, mean 4.62 %) provide robust molecular evidence for extensive TSR reactions. This study strengthens the interpretation that sulfur-rich hydrocarbons act as the principal reductant in TSR, facilitating the conversion of stratal sulfate to H₂S and thereby establishing the reduced sulfur reservoir essential for Pb–Zn precipitation. Macroscopic intergrowths of solid bitumen with sulfide and carbonate gangue, alongside microscopic hydrocarbon inclusions in sphalerite and dolomite, corroborate this model. These organic-geochemical constraints refine genetic concepts for MVT deposits and emphasize the value of integrating petroleum system analysis into exploration workflows for analogous Pb–Zn systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18189,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 107616"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of reservoir compartmentalization in the failure of reservoirs of structurally complex accommodation zones: an example from The Morgan Accommodation Zone, Gulf of Suez, Egypt","authors":"Zakaria Hassan ,&nbsp;Mohamed S. Hammed ,&nbsp;Ahmed E. Radwan ,&nbsp;Selim S. Selim ,&nbsp;Shaimaa Abdelhaleem","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compartmentalization of hydrocarbon reservoirs represents a global challenge in assessing and developing proven fields due to the necessity for a detailed survey of the field structures, burial history, and pressure system. The geological complexity arising from overlapping fault segments, kinematically linked fracture networks, and heterogeneous stratigraphic juxtapositions within accommodation zones between Gulf of Suez rift segments results in highly variable reservoir performance—yielding prolific hydrocarbon production in some fields, while others remain non-productive—and contribute to the occurrence of multiple oil-water contacts within individual producing reservoirs. We use structural restoration, basin modelling, pore pressure and fracture gradient modelling to assess the pre-rift reservoir failure and the variation of the oil-water contact in the syn-rift reservoirs of the Morgan accommodation Zone, Gulf of Suez. Our results show that: (1) pre-Miocene source rocks are too shallow for maturation due to complex fault linkages and interaction; (2) immature pre-Miocene source rocks prevent effective hydrocarbon generation and charge; (3) no overpressure above the Eocene Thebes Formation; lack of charge attributed to either immature source rocks at juxtaposition points or sealing faults; (4) a fill-to-spill mechanism governs Miocene syn-rift oil-water contact variations; deeper oil-water contact in western blocks results from better connectivity to mature source kitchens west of GS327. These results offer crucial new insights into the interplay of pressure regimes, migration routes, and reservoir compartmentalization governing hydrocarbon plays in complex accommodation zones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18189,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 107610"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145270561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New constraints on the nature and composition of the São Paulo Plateau, Santos Basin: Magmatic, continental or hybrid crust?","authors":"Michelle Cunha Graça ,&nbsp;Nick Kusznir ,&nbsp;Natasha Stanton ,&nbsp;Gianreto Manatschal ,&nbsp;Andres Mora","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The São Paulo Plateau (SPP), located in the Santos segment of the southeastern (SE) Brazilian margin underlying thick Cretaceous to Recent sediments, is an enigmatic feature with disputed crustal composition. Proposed crustal types include thinned continental crust, thick magmatic crust, and hybrid crust consisting of continental crust and magmatic addition. We use combined analysis of mainly geophysical datasets to investigate the crustal basement thickness and crustal type of the SPP, and the variation in timing of its rifting and magmatic addition. 2D and 3D combined analysis of deep seismic reflection and gravity anomaly data has been used to determine Moho depth, crustal thickness and basement density variation. Flexural back-stripping has been used to map sediment-corrected residual depth anomaly (RDA). A combination of observations of crustal thickness from gravity inversion, magnetic anomalies reduced to the pole, basement density from gravity-seismic joint-inversion, and RDA have been used together to distinguish and identify crustal basement types. Using these approaches, we show the distribution and coexistence of continental, hybrid and magmatic crust, as well as possible exhumed mantle in the Santos Basin.</div><div>In addition, 2D and 3D post-breakup subsidence modelling consisting of flexural back-stripping, decompaction and reverse thermal subsidence modelling has been used to determine the palaeo-datum of base and top salt at the time of salt formation. This salt palaeo-datum modelling is used to distinguish syn-tectonic from post-tectonic salt and to investigate the contrasting consequences of magmatic versus thinned continental crust on the palaeo-bathymetry of Aptian salt deposition. We show that the distribution of post-tectonic salt primarily corresponds to that of continental crust thinned by widespread early Aptian rifting while syn-tectonic salt locations correspond to that of magmatic crust extended by late Aptian rifting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18189,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 107612"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constraining self-sourcing stratigraphic plays in North Sumatra: Integration of basin-petroleum system and stratigraphic forward modeling","authors":"Qi Adlan ,&nbsp;Barry M. Hartono ,&nbsp;Harya D. Nugraha ,&nbsp;Adhipa Herlambang ,&nbsp;Waleed AlGharbi ,&nbsp;Eriko Sabra","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107611","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107611","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stratigraphic traps are typically identified and delineated using 3D seismic analysis or by integrating well data. These plays involve greater exploration uncertainty than conventional traps, especially in regions where multiple petroleum systems coexist. A notable example is the self-sourcing stratigraphic trap, where hydrocarbons migrate laterally within coeval rock formations. This challenge is particularly significant in frontier areas lacking 3D seismic data and with limited well data. Therefore, developing a reliable methodology is essential to accurately identify potential stratigraphic trap zones while effectively accounting for the complex interactions within petroleum systems.</div><div>This study integrates stratigraphic forward modeling (SFM) and basin and petroleum system modeling (BPSM) to better constrain self-sourcing stratigraphic traps. The North Sumatra Basin was selected as the study area because it features a complex petroleum system involving three source rocks and various trapping mechanisms, including stratigraphic traps from the Middle Miocene. The systematic approach demonstrated in this study involves four key stages: (1) assessing geochemical evidence, (2) using SFM to delineate trap zones, (3) simulating organic matter distribution, and (4) applying BPSM to evaluate source rock maturation and hydrocarbon expulsion. This systematic approach provides a cost-effective framework for early-stage hydrocarbon exploration, helping geoscientists de-risk prospects before committing to high-cost data acquisition like 3D seismic surveys. It is particularly suited for evaluating stratigraphic traps associated with self-sourcing plays and has potential applications in unconventional resource exploration, including shale gas. Regionally, this research provides the first geochemical evidence of oil mixing in the area and presents conclusive insights into the four active petroleum system plays, potentially redefining exploration strategies in the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18189,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 107611"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}