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Effect of FluoRoquinolones on Aortic Growth, aortic stIffness and wave refLEctionS (FRAGILES study) 氟喹诺酮类药物对主动脉生长、主动脉强度和波反射的影响（FRAGILES 研究）

Life Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.3390/life14080992

V. Gardikioti, C. Georgakopoulos, E. Solomou, E. Lazarou, Konstantinos Fasoulakis, Dimitrios Terentes-Printzios, K. Tsioufis, Dimitrios Iliopoulos, C. Vlachopoulos

{"title":"Effect of FluoRoquinolones on Aortic Growth, aortic stIffness and wave refLEctionS (FRAGILES study)","authors":"V. Gardikioti, C. Georgakopoulos, E. Solomou, E. Lazarou, Konstantinos Fasoulakis, Dimitrios Terentes-Printzios, K. Tsioufis, Dimitrios Iliopoulos, C. Vlachopoulos","doi":"10.3390/life14080992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/life14080992","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The widespread use of fluoroquinolones has been associated with the formation, dissection, and rupture of aortic aneurysms. Arterial biomarkers are established predictors of cardiovascular events. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of quinolones on arterial stiffness and aortic size for the first time. Methods: We studied 28 subjects receiving short-term (<15 days) antibiotic therapy involving quinolones and 27 age- and sex-matched subjects receiving an alternative to quinolone antibiotics. The follow-up period was approximately 2 months. The study’s primary endpoint was the carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) difference between the two groups 2 months after therapy initiation. Secondary endpoints were the augmentation index corrected for heart rate (AIx@75) and sonographically assessed aortic diameters 2 months after the initial treatment. Results: Subjects had similar values of arterial biomarkers, blood pressure measurements, and aortic diameters at baseline. At follow-up, no significant change was observed between the two groups regarding the hemodynamic parameters and arterial biomarkers (p > 0.05 for all), i.e., cfPWV (7.9 ± 2.6 m/s for the control group vs. 8.1 ± 2.4 m/s for the fluoroquinolones group; p = 0.79), AIx@75 (22.6 ± 9.0% for the control group vs. 26.6 ± 8.1% for the fluoroquinolones group; p = 0.09), and aortic diameters. Conclusions: To our knowledge, FRAGILES is the first study to provide insights into the possible effects of fluoroquinolones on arterial biomarkers, showing that, at least in the short term, treatment with fluoroquinolones does not affect aortic function and diameter.","PeriodicalId":18182,"journal":{"name":"Life","volume":"61 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141922600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: A Recent Update on Pathophysiology and Treatment 化疗诱发的周围神经病变：病理生理学和治疗的最新进展

Life Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.3390/life14080991

Marina Mattar, Florence Umutoni, Marwa A. Hassan, M. W. Wamburu, Reagan Turner, James S. Patton, Xin Chen, Wei Lei

{"title":"Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: A Recent Update on Pathophysiology and Treatment","authors":"Marina Mattar, Florence Umutoni, Marwa A. Hassan, M. W. Wamburu, Reagan Turner, James S. Patton, Xin Chen, Wei Lei","doi":"10.3390/life14080991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/life14080991","url":null,"abstract":"Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a major long-lasting side effect of some chemotherapy drugs, which threatens cancer survival rate. CIPN mostly affects sensory neurons and occasionally motor neurons, causing numbness, tingling, discomfort, and burning pain in the upper and lower extremities. The pathophysiology of CIPN is not completely understood; however, it is believed that chemotherapies induce peripheral neuropathy via directly damaging mitochondria, impairing the function of ion channels, triggering immunological mechanisms, and disrupting microtubules. The treatment of CIPN is a medical challenge, and there are no approved pharmacological options. Currently, duloxetine and other antidepressants, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and ion-channel targeted therapies are commonly used in clinics to relieve the symptoms of CIPN. Several other types of drugs, such as cannabinoids, sigma−1 receptor antagonists, and nicotinamides ribose, are being evaluated in preclinical and clinical studies. This paper summarizes the information related to the physiology of CIPN and medicines that could be used for treating this condition.","PeriodicalId":18182,"journal":{"name":"Life","volume":"80 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141922193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Personalized Management of Patients with Proliferative Diabetic Vitreoretinopathy 对增殖性糖尿病玻璃体视网膜病变患者进行个性化管理

Life Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.3390/life14080993

Monika Ecsedy, Dorottya Szabó, Zsuzsa Szilagyi, Zoltan Zsolt Nagy, Z. Récsán

{"title":"Personalized Management of Patients with Proliferative Diabetic Vitreoretinopathy","authors":"Monika Ecsedy, Dorottya Szabó, Zsuzsa Szilagyi, Zoltan Zsolt Nagy, Z. Récsán","doi":"10.3390/life14080993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/life14080993","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To evaluate prognostic factors for visual outcome in patients with diabetes who have undergone vitrectomy (PPV) for severe proliferative diabetic vitreoretinopathy (PDVR) in at least one eye in the past 15 years. Methods: Medical records of 132 eyes of 66 patients were analyzed (median age 52 years 21–80; patients with type 1/2 diabetes 40/26; median follow-up 38 months 9–125). Correlations between final favorable visual outcome defined as 0.5≤ best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and prognostic factors (age, sex, type and duration of diabetes, metabolic status, BCVA, diabetic retinopathy status, data of preoperative management, data of vitrectomy, and postoperative complications) were analyzed. Results: BCVA improved significantly in the entire study cohort (from median 0.05 min–max 0.001–1 to 0.32, 0.001–1, p < 0.001). Visual stabilization was achieved in the majority of patients, and good visual acuity (0.5 ≤ BCVA) was maintained in more than one-third of the eyes. Multivariable GEE statistics showed that in addition to the duration of diabetes and stable HbA1c values, only preoperative tractional macular detachment proved to be an independent significant predictor of visual outcome. Conclusions: Pars plana vitrectomy is a useful tool when performed early before tractional macular detachment. However, long-term visual stability can only be achieved with good metabolic control.","PeriodicalId":18182,"journal":{"name":"Life","volume":"8 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141921647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation in Preterm Infants: A Case Report and Review of the Literature 早产儿先天性肺气道畸形：病例报告和文献综述

Life Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.3390/life14080990

Alessia Bertolino, Silvia Bertolo, Paola Lago, P. Midrio

{"title":"Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation in Preterm Infants: A Case Report and Review of the Literature","authors":"Alessia Bertolino, Silvia Bertolo, Paola Lago, P. Midrio","doi":"10.3390/life14080990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/life14080990","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital pulmonary airway malformations (CPAMs) represent a well-known cluster of rare lung malformations affecting 1 in 2500 live births. The natural history of many CPAMs is to increase their size in the second trimester, reach a plateau, and, in about 50% of cases, regress and to become barely detectable during the third trimester. Little is known about cases of affected neonates born prematurely: only six cases are described in the literature, recording different conduct and outcomes. Herein, we report the case of a very low birth weight infant born at GW 28 without antenatal findings and presenting at birth with severe respiratory distress, requiring ventilation. Chest X-rays and a CT scan showed the presence of a solid mass in the left lung. An initial conservative approach was adopted as the baby gained respiratory stability within the first days of life. Routine ultrasound (US) showed a progressive reduction of the lesion, mimicking the process of involution that CPAM can exhibit during late gestation. The rarity of the condition does not allow the formulation of any suggestions regarding one type of management over the other. An initial conservative approach seems to be appropriate with regards to the outcome and possible intra- and post-operative complications.","PeriodicalId":18182,"journal":{"name":"Life","volume":"78 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141922119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leveraging Electronic Health Records to Predict the Risk of Acute Kidney Injury after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation 利用电子健康记录预测异体造血细胞移植后急性肾损伤的风险

Life Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.3390/life14080987

E. Bischoff, Nikola Kirilov

{"title":"Leveraging Electronic Health Records to Predict the Risk of Acute Kidney Injury after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation","authors":"E. Bischoff, Nikola Kirilov","doi":"10.3390/life14080987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/life14080987","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The objective of this study is to assess the electronic health records (EHRs), which are potential risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) after allogenic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT), and to propose a basic dataset and score for the calculation of HCT-acute kidney injury risk (HCT-AKIR). Methods: We undertook a retrospective analysis of the EHRs of 312 patients. Pre- and post-transplant factors were assessed, recognizing the following structured entries: laboratory data, encounters, medication, imaging studies, diagnoses, and procedures. Composite variables were used to create patient groups by combining two or more multivariate significant risk factors for AKI. The EHRs dataset and HCT-AKIR score were created based on the multivariate analysis of the composite variables. Results: A multivariate analysis showed that previous CKD and once-impaired pre-transplant kidney function, sepsis, imaging procedures with contrast media, and cumulative length of intensive care unit stay after transplantation were significant risk factors. A new unit-weighted composite score based on the combination of significant risk factors contained in common EHR resources was proposed. Conclusions: Using our novel HCT-AKIR score calculated from the basic EHR dataset could be an easy way to increase awareness of post-transplant AKI and provide risk stratification.","PeriodicalId":18182,"journal":{"name":"Life","volume":"37 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141927301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cataloging the Genetic Response: Unveiling Drought-Responsive Gene Expression in Oil Tea Camellia (Camellia oleifera Abel.) through Transcriptomics 编目遗传响应：通过转录组学揭示油茶山茶（Camellia oleifera Abel.）

Life Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.3390/life14080989

Zhen Zhang, Yanming Xu, Caixia Liu, Longsheng Chen, Ying Zhang, Zhilong He, Rui Wang, Chengfeng Xun, Yushen Ma, Xiaokang Yuan, Xiang-nan Wang, Yongzhong Chen, Xiaohu Yang

{"title":"Cataloging the Genetic Response: Unveiling Drought-Responsive Gene Expression in Oil Tea Camellia (Camellia oleifera Abel.) through Transcriptomics","authors":"Zhen Zhang, Yanming Xu, Caixia Liu, Longsheng Chen, Ying Zhang, Zhilong He, Rui Wang, Chengfeng Xun, Yushen Ma, Xiaokang Yuan, Xiang-nan Wang, Yongzhong Chen, Xiaohu Yang","doi":"10.3390/life14080989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/life14080989","url":null,"abstract":"Drought stress is a critical environmental factor that significantly impacts plant growth and productivity. However, the transcriptome analysis of differentially expressed genes in response to drought stress in Camellia oleifera Abel. is still unclear. This study analyzed the transcriptome sequencing data of C. oleifera under drought treatments. A total of 20,674 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified under drought stress, with the number of DEGs increasing with the duration of drought. Specifically, 11,793 and 18,046 DEGs were detected after 8 and 15 days of drought treatment, respectively, including numerous upregulated and downregulated genes. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were primarily involved in various biological processes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis revealed that carbon metabolism, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, proteasome, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism were the main affected pathways. Among the DEGs, 376 protein kinases, 42 proteases, 168 transcription factor (TF) genes, and 152 other potential functional genes were identified, which may play significant roles in the drought response of C. oleifera. The expression of relevant functional genes was further validated using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). These findings contribute to the comprehension of drought tolerance mechanisms in C. oleifera and bolster the identification of drought-resistant genes for molecular breeding purposes.","PeriodicalId":18182,"journal":{"name":"Life","volume":"16 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141927694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring Active Case Detection Approaches for Leprosy Diagnosis in Varied Endemic Settings: A Comprehensive Scoping Review 探索在不同麻风病流行环境中诊断麻风病的主动病例检测方法：全面范围审查

Life Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.3390/life14080937

Heynes Brown, Anil Fastenau, Srilekha Penna, Paul Saunderson, Gonnie Klabbers

{"title":"Exploring Active Case Detection Approaches for Leprosy Diagnosis in Varied Endemic Settings: A Comprehensive Scoping Review","authors":"Heynes Brown, Anil Fastenau, Srilekha Penna, Paul Saunderson, Gonnie Klabbers","doi":"10.3390/life14080937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/life14080937","url":null,"abstract":"(1) Background: The global burden of leprosy is not shared equally; with the majority of cases being diagnosed in Brazil, India, and Indonesia. Understanding the methods of active case detection (ACD) used in high and low endemic regions is vital for the development of future screening programs. (2) Methods: A systematic search of three databases, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science, was conducted for English language papers, published since the year 2000, which discussed the use of active case detection methods for leprosy screening. The paper utilised the Integrated Screening Action Model (I-SAM) as a tool for the analysis of these methods. (3) Results: 23 papers were identified from 11 different countries. The papers identified 6 different methods of active case detection: Household contact/social contact identification; door-to-door case detection; screening questionnaire distribution; rapid village surveys; school-based screening; and prison-based screening. 15 were located in high endemic regions and 8 of these were located in low endemic regions. (4) Conclusions: For selecting the appropriate methods of active case finding, the leprosy endemicity must be taken into consideration. The findings contribute to policy decision making allowing for more successful future leprosy case detection programs to be designed, ultimately reducing the global burden of the disease, and achieving the WHO’s aim of zero leprosy.","PeriodicalId":18182,"journal":{"name":"Life","volume":"29 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141800676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic Differences between Male and Female Pattern Hair Loss in a Korean Population 韩国人群中男性和女性脱发的遗传差异

Life Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.3390/life14080939

Jihyun Lee, Ja-Eun Choi, Joohun Ha, Young-Joo Kim, Changhyun Lee, Kyung-Won Hong

{"title":"Genetic Differences between Male and Female Pattern Hair Loss in a Korean Population","authors":"Jihyun Lee, Ja-Eun Choi, Joohun Ha, Young-Joo Kim, Changhyun Lee, Kyung-Won Hong","doi":"10.3390/life14080939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/life14080939","url":null,"abstract":"Studies on androgenetic alopecia (AGA or patterned hair loss (PHL)) have suggested different underlying pathological mechanisms between males and females. While many genetic factors for male hair loss have been identified through genome-wide association studies (GWASs), the genetic determinants of female hair loss remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed approximately 1000 individuals (436 males and 568 females) to identify sex-specific genetic factors. We conducted three independent GWASs for the total, male-only, and female-only groups, identifying three novel loci (rs7814359, rs2163085, and rs4793158 of the TSNARE1, FZD1, and GJC1 genes, respectively). rs7814359 showed a significant genome-wide association with AGA in the combined sex group and a weak association in both the male-only and female-only groups. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2163085 showed a significant genome-wide association with AGA in the combined group and notable significance in females. The rs4793158 SNP showed a suggestive association with AGA in both the combined and female-only groups. TSNARE1, related to rs7814359, is involved in vesicle transport. FZD1 is a key regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway. GJC1 is a gap junction protein. The associations of FZD1 and GJC1 with female-specific AGA suggest that sex hormones, such as estrogen, may influence FPHL through these genes. These findings will contribute to our understanding of the sex-specific pathophysiology of AGA.","PeriodicalId":18182,"journal":{"name":"Life","volume":"24 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141801364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Von Willebrand Factor Dynamics in Patients with Aortic Stenosis Undergoing Surgical and Transcatheter Valve Replacement 接受手术和经导管瓣膜置换术的主动脉瓣狭窄患者体内冯-威廉因子的动态变化

Life Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.3390/life14080934

A. Grigorescu, Andrei Anghel, Claudia Koch, F. Horhat, Delia Savescu, H. Feier

引用次数: 0

Correction: Fehlhofer et al. Expression of Inflammatory Mediators in Biofilm Samples and Clinical Association in Multiple Sclerosis Patients in Remission—A Pilot Study. Life 2024, 14, 367 更正：生物膜样本中炎症介质的表达与缓解期多发性硬化症患者的临床关联--一项试点研究》。生命 2024，14，367

Life Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.3390/life14080932

Jakob Fehlhofer, Jutta Ries, F. Nickel, V. Rothhammer, Stefan Schwab, Marco Kesting, M. Buchbender

引用次数: 0