Lithology and Mineral Resources最新文献

{"title":"Mineralogical and Geochemical Features and Multistage Formation Model of the Verkhneashutskoe Karst Bauxite Deposit (Kazakhstan)","authors":"N. M. Boeva,&nbsp;D. V. Sivkov","doi":"10.1134/S0024490225700452","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0024490225700452","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents the results of a comprehensive mineralogical and geochemical study of karst bauxites in the Verkhneashutskoe deposit (Amangeldy district, Kazakhstan). Modern analytical methods (X-ray fluorescence analysis, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy, synchronous thermal analysis, and infrared spectroscopy) were used to investigate the material composition, textural and structural features, and formation conditions of ores. The GIS modeling established the fundamental role of the karst paleorelief as the main ore-controlling factor. The influence of organic matter (lignites) on the Fe redistribution and the formation of high-quality bauxites and refractory clays were revealed. The presence of biogenic forms of gibbsite and hematite is shown. A model for the multistage formation of the deposit is proposed, integrating the processes of lateritic weathering, karst formation, sedimentation, and diagenetic transformation of the sediment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18150,"journal":{"name":"Lithology and Mineral Resources","volume":"61 2","pages":"127 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147559884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"History of Late Holocene Shoreline Changes in the Northern Plain from Bach Dang Estuary to Day River Mouth, Velocity and Causes of Coastal Accretion-Erosion","authors":"Tran Nghi,&nbsp;Trinh Hoai Thu,&nbsp;Renat Shakirov,&nbsp;Natalia Sokolova,&nbsp;Nadezhda Syrbu,&nbsp;Tran Thi Thuy Huong,&nbsp;Le Dinh Nam,&nbsp;Tran Van Phong,&nbsp;Tran Thị Thanh Nhan,&nbsp;Dinh Xuan Thanh,&nbsp;Nguyen Van Tuan,&nbsp;Nguyen Hong Quan","doi":"10.1134/S0024490225700415","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0024490225700415","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The period from 1 ka BP to the present, the changes of the Northern plain coastline are extremely complex under the impact of nature and human activities; it can be divided into 3 periods: (1) Period from 1 ka BP to 1787: formation of highstand deltaic sandy mud facies complex (M_samHST<span>({text{Q}}_{2}^{3})</span>). The Nam Dinh area is still accreted more strongly than Thai Binh and Ninh Binh. On the contrary, the Bach Dang estuary area was strongly estuaryizated; (2) The period from 1787 to 1960: due to the great flood that broke the Red River dike in 1787, the Red River was filled up and narrowed, to change its flow to the tributary on the Thai Binh side, flowing into the Ba Lat river mouth and the Red River in Nam Dinh turned into the smaller So River; (3) The period from 1960 to present: the Hai Hau coastline began to erode strongly at an average rate of 25 m/year. Meanwhile, the rate of sedimentary accretion at the Day River mouth increased dramatically by 100 m/year.</p>","PeriodicalId":18150,"journal":{"name":"Lithology and Mineral Resources","volume":"61 2","pages":"195 - 210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147559591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial Diversity in Siliceous–Ferruginous Rocks from Massive Sulfide Deposits in the Urals: A Review","authors":"N. R. Ayupova","doi":"10.1134/S0024490225700397","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0024490225700397","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Paleozoic siliceous–ferruginous rocks in massive sulfide deposits of the Urals contain well-preserved textural and structural evidence indicating the role of microorganisms in their formation. Filamentous (morphologically dominant), rod-shaped, spherical, and tubular micrometer-scale bacterial bodies with the hematite, hematite–silica, and siliceous mineralization are described. Authigenic apatite, Mn-calcite, Ti oxides, illite and rare earth minerals (phosphates and carbonates) are associated constantly with bacteriomorphic structures. Identification of structures of fossil bacteria based on their size, shape, cell division, and distribution in colonies and comparison with ferruginous sediments in modern hydrothermal systems and massive sulfide deposits in other world regions suggests that they correspond to mineralized stalks of iron bacteria Leptothrix ochracea and Gallionella ferruginea, coccoidal forms and sulfur-oxidizing Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans and giant Beggiatoa-type organisms. These observations indicate bacterial biocatalysis in the processes of halmyrolysis of sulfides and hyaloclasts during the formation of iron oxide sedimentary rocks.</p>","PeriodicalId":18150,"journal":{"name":"Lithology and Mineral Resources","volume":"61 2","pages":"222 - 234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147559372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late Permian–Early Triassic (Vyatkian (Changhsingian)–Induan) Warming of the Russian Plain according to Mössbauer Spectroscopic Data on Terrigenous Deposits","authors":"M. P. Arefiev,&nbsp;B. B. Shkurskiy,&nbsp;S. K. Dedushenko,&nbsp;V. G. Kostishin,&nbsp;A. Yu. Kazansky,&nbsp;R. E. Musaelyan","doi":"10.1134/S0024490225700440","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0024490225700440","url":null,"abstract":"<p>For the first time, Mössbauer spectroscopy of Permian–Triassic boundary rocks in the European part of Russia (Nizhny Novgorod region, Vetluga River) was performed. Sands and clays of the Vyatka Formation and the Astashikha member of the Vokhma Formation (upper Vyatkian substage, Changhsingian stage) and the overlying part of the Vokhma Formation (Induan) have been studied. During the transition from the Vyatka Formation to the Vokhma Formation, the chlorite content increases (main part of Fe(II), max 21% of the total Fe), which correlates with the active erosion of rocks in the Ural orogen. In sands, the Uralian epidote (up to 9%) is present as an important carrier of paramagnetic silicate Fe(III). The magnetically ordered phase (Fe(III)magn) is represented by highly dispersed magnetite-unrelated particles likely represented mainly by maghemite. The content of Fe(III)magn in clays is 12–24% in the Vyatka Formation, 13–40% in the Astashikha member, and 19–43% in the Induan stage. Synthesis of the compounds of Fe(III)magn is reconstructed immediately after sedimentation during pedogenesis, after the infiltration of clay suspensions into alluvium due to Fe oxidogenesis in a matrix of waterproof clays during the alternation of hydrologically contrasting seasons or longer time episodes. High content of Fe(III)magn in the Induan correlates with the increase of magnetic susceptibility and intensity of reddening. Increase of these characteristics coincides with the trend of global warming at the Permian–Triassic boundary in marine sections and confirms the opinion that the reddening of Permian–Triassic rocks in the Russian Plain was due to climatic fluctuations synchronous with sedimentation, rather than deep diagenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18150,"journal":{"name":"Lithology and Mineral Resources","volume":"61 2","pages":"140 - 160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147559581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oceanographic and Gas–Geochemical Studies in the La Perouse Strait","authors":"A. O. Kholmogorov,&nbsp;N. S. Syrbu,&nbsp;V. B. Lobanov,&nbsp;R. V. Zharkov,&nbsp;E. V. Maltseva","doi":"10.1134/S0024490225700464","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0024490225700464","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The results of complex oceanographic and gas-geochemical measurements in the La Perouse Strait are presented. The measurements revealed elevated methane concentrations in the water (up to 14 nM/L). The content of He (up to 11 ppm) and H₂ (up to 23 ppm) was determined in the water samples. The area of gas emission from the bottom source in the western part of the strait has been found. High turbidity values, as well as a decrease of salinity in the maximum methane concentration area suggest the presence of a gas-saturated fluid vent, which can be related to mud volcanism. Comparison of the free gas composition and isotope analysis showed the similarity between mud volcanoes in the southern Sakhalin Island and the northern Hokkaido Island. Probably, the chain of Hokkaido–Sakhalin mud volcanoes is associated with the meridional fault system in the Hokkaido–Sakhalin folded region.</p>","PeriodicalId":18150,"journal":{"name":"Lithology and Mineral Resources","volume":"61 2","pages":"115 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147559595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematite–Carbonate Gossanites in the Yubileinoe Massive Sulfide Deposit (South Urals): Evidence of the Replacement of Sulfide Clasts and Hyaloclasts","authors":"A. S. Tseluyko,&nbsp;N. R. Ayupova,&nbsp;D. A. Artemyev,&nbsp;M. A. Rassomakhin,&nbsp;V. A. Kotlyarov","doi":"10.1134/S0024490225700403","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0024490225700403","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The article considers the textural and structural features of hematite–carbonate rocks associated with carbonate–sulfide clastic ores in the Yubileinoe massive sulfide deposit, South Urals. Some hematite–carbonate rocks exhibit signs of the replacement of sulfide clasts and hyaloclasts by the hematite–carbonate material, classified as carbonate analogs of gossanites. The hematite–carbonate aggregates after sulfide clasts are characterized by the inherited reniform–colloform, radial, and crystalline-granular structures, as well as the inclusions of relict sulfides and tellurides. The hematite–carbonate aggregates after sulfide clasts contain elevated concentrations of chalcophile (Cu, Zn, Pb, As, Sb, Bi, and Te) and lithophile (Ti, Zr, V, and W) trace elements. The hematite–carbonate clasts after hyaloclasts characterized by the presence of aggregates with globular structure and syneresis cracks, and contain relics of chlorite aggregates. The matrix of hematite–carbonate rocks consists of calcite with inclusions and aggregates of dolomite, chlorite, quartz, and apatite. Late sulfide mineralization (pyrite metacrystals, as well as aggregates and veins of chalcopyrite and sphalerite) is characteristic of both hematite–carbonate rocks after sulfide clasts and hyaloclasts.</p>","PeriodicalId":18150,"journal":{"name":"Lithology and Mineral Resources","volume":"61 2","pages":"211 - 221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147559592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of the C/S Ratio in the Bazhenov Formation in Western Siberia and the Possibility of Its Use to Clarify the Genesis of Black Shales","authors":"V. G. Eder","doi":"10.1134/S0024490225700427","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0024490225700427","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The work is devoted to the study of distribution patterns of the organic carbon/sulfide sulfur ratio (C/S) in Upper Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous Black Shale Bazhenov Formation in Western Siberia. Possibilities of using this indicator to clarify the genesis of black shales are considered. It was revealed for the first time that rocks subjected to silicification in diagenesis are characterized by increased C/S values (5 ± 1), while a significant linear C/S relationship, characteristic of normal marine sediments, is retained. It has been confirmed that the catagenetic pyritization, transformation, and thermal degradation of organic matter reduce this indicator (often &lt;2). Together with the dolomitization and kaolinitization, these processes provoke changes in the initial C and S concentrations and violation of the linear C/S relationship. It has been established that the Bazhenov Formation sections, in which the maturity degree of OM in rocks corresponds to the beginning of the main oil generation zone (<i>T</i>_reservoir = 60–70°C, <span>(R_{{{text{vt}}}}^{^circ })</span> = 0.5–0.65) are characterized by a high linear C/S relationship (<i>r</i> = 0.75–0.9). Sections subjected to intense oil generation at the “oil window” stage (<i>T</i>_reservoir = 90–120°C, <span>(R_{{{text{vt}}}}^{^circ })</span> = 0.85–1.15) lack the C/S correlation. It is shown that the C/S ratio serves as an effective criterion for identifying groups of black shales subjected to transformations at different stages of lithogenesis, assessing the transformation degree of the material composition of sections during the catagenesis, and rejecting significantly altered rocks from the analysis during paleoreconstructions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18150,"journal":{"name":"Lithology and Mineral Resources","volume":"61 2","pages":"177 - 194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147559594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mercury in the Clay Pulp of Mud Volcanoes of the West Kuban Trough (Crimean–Caucasian Region)","authors":"V. Yu. Lavrushin,&nbsp;A. S. Aidarkozhina,&nbsp;G. A. Chelnokov","doi":"10.1134/S0024490225700439","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0024490225700439","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The bulk mercury concentrations were determined in samples of fresh mud volcanic clays from 31 mud volcanoes of the Kerch‒Taman mud volcanic province. Its concentration ranged from 20 to 640 μg/kg. It is shown that the mercury concentrations do not depend on the size of the mud volcanic edifice or its activity. At the same time, it was noted that mud volcanic clays with higher density are characterized by higher Hg concentrations, which may reflect an increase in the concentration of mercury-bearing sulfides. Correlations were established between mercury concentrations in the clays and estimated formation temperatures obtained using hydrochemical geothermometers, <i>T</i>_max values for clay kerogen, concentrations of HCO₃, Li, B, Si in water, as well as δ¹⁸O(H₂O) and δ¹³C(CH₄). These relationships show that the observed [Hg] variations in the clays can be explained by different depths of the volcanic “roots.”. A hypothesis is put forward that the observed variability in mercury concentrations may not only reflect differences in its concentrations in the vertical section of the Maikop deposits, as previously thought, but also be a consequence of the fluid enrichment with this element as a result of the lithogenesis of clay rocks. The latter can be provided by smectite illitization, which is activated at temperatures &gt;80–100°C and, due to desorption from the clay material, enriches mud volcanic fluids with a complex of chemical elements, including mercury.</p>","PeriodicalId":18150,"journal":{"name":"Lithology and Mineral Resources","volume":"61 2","pages":"161 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147559593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reference Igetei Section (Middle Neopleistocene‒Holocene, Cis-Baikal Region): Reconstruction of Conditions and Assessment of Sedimentation Environments Based on the Geochemical Data","authors":"V. V. Ivanova,&nbsp;A. A. Shchetnikov,&nbsp;A. B. Kuznetsov,&nbsp;I. A. Filinov,&nbsp;N. E. Berdnikova,&nbsp;I. M. Berdnikov","doi":"10.1134/S0024490225700373","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0024490225700373","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The paper presents the results of a geochemical study of terrigenous rocks in the reference Igetei section (Middle Neopleistocene–Holocene, Cis-Baikal region), where 17 layers have been identified. Based on the grain size composition, the section is divided clearly into two parts: upper silty–sandy and lower silty–clayey, with the boundary between them passing above the top of the upper soil of the Igetei pedocomplex. Based on a significant content of clays, fine-grained silts, and organic matter in layers 1, 3, 7, 9, 10, 12, and 16, these sediments can be interpreted as fossil soils. The clay component in the lower part of the section and paleosols is dominated by a chlorite–illite mixture, whereas illite prevails in the upper part. Analysis of the lithogeochemical characteristics of sediments reveals their significant similarity to Early Jurassic rocks of the Irkutsk Amphitheater. Hence, the primary source of clastic material during Late Quaternary sedimentogenesis was represented by sedimentary rocks (Dabat and Cheremkhovo formations) and igneous rocks (Prisayan Formation). The contribution of mafic rocks was most prominent during the accumulation of the lower part of the Igetei section (layers 9 and 14). In the upper part (layers 5, 6, and 8), weathering products of felsic rocks dominate, as evidenced by low Ni/Co and V/Ni ratios and weathering trends on the CIA–ICV diagram. The ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio in gastropods in the Igetei section varies from 0.70933 (layers 6, 9, and 11) to 0.70996 (layers 7–8). Maximum values recorded in gastropods from layer 8 are consistent with the lithogeochemical data showing that the erosion area was dominated by arkoses and felsic rocks. Paleosol horizons affected by cryogenesis (layers 1, 7, 8, and 10–12) are characterized by reduced La_N/Sm_N values and the fractionation of MREE and HREE due to the formation of diagenetic Fe–Mn hydroxides and carbonate cements, reflecting a high REE mobility under increased alkalinity of pore solutions. Prior to the accumulation of paleosols of the Igetei pedocomplex (layers 9 and 10), sediments of the lower (Middle Neopleistocene) part of the section were accumulated under conditions of low paleoenvironmental humidity and reduced chemical weathering, i.e., in a relatively arid setting. Sediments of the upper part of the section (layers from 8 to 2) were accumulated primarily under colder and humid conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18150,"journal":{"name":"Lithology and Mineral Resources","volume":"61 1","pages":"16 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147336807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lithochemical Characteristics of Shungite-Bearing Fluidolites in the Paleoproterozoic Onega Structure","authors":"Yu. E. Deines","doi":"10.1134/S0024490225700324","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0024490225700324","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Studies of shungite-bearing fluidolites in the Onega structure were carried out within two dome- and sublayer-type deposits. Data on the composition of the mineral component of shungite-bearing fluidolites allow us to consider the Melnichny Dome as the most probable source of fluidolites. At the Shunga deposit, shungite rocks are divided into three groups according to lithochemical characteristics: shungite rocks of the shungite-bearing Horizon VIII (Na₂O + K₂O = 3.0–4.5%, AM = 0.10–0.15) and rocks similar to shungite-bearing fluidolites of the Melnichny deposit (Na₂O + K₂O = 5.0–6.0%, AM = 0.16–0.26 and Na₂O + K₂O = 6.0–7.5%, AM = 0.26–0.30). Fluidolites of shungite rock deposits are markers of different stages of the development of diapiric structures: formation of the stock-type body and its evolution into a diapiric hat.</p>","PeriodicalId":18150,"journal":{"name":"Lithology and Mineral Resources","volume":"61 1","pages":"87 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147336363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}