Tanzania Veterinary Journal最新文献_第6页

Egg traits, fertility, hatchability and chick survivability of Rhode Island Red, local and crossbred chickens 罗德岛红鸡、地方鸡和杂交鸡的蛋性状、育性、孵化率和雏鸡存活率

Tanzania Veterinary Journal Pub Date : 2009-12-20 DOI: 10.4314/TVJ.V26I1.49230

J. Malago, M. A. Baitilwake

{"title":"Egg traits, fertility, hatchability and chick survivability of Rhode Island Red, local and crossbred chickens","authors":"J. Malago, M. A. Baitilwake","doi":"10.4314/TVJ.V26I1.49230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TVJ.V26I1.49230","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The local chicken has profound potential for upgrading through cross breeding with improved commercial birds to increase meat and egg production. This study aimed at evaluating egg traits, hatchability, fertility, chick hatch weight, and chick survivability of commercial Rhode Island Red (RIR), local, and crossbred chickens. A total of 6752 local chicken eggs were collected to obtain breeding stock and to study egg traits. RIR breeding stock was obtained from raising 250 (50 males, 200 females) while crossbred chickens were obtained by crossing RIR layer cocks to local hens and vice versa. A total of 1382, 1523, and 1476 local, RIR, and crossbred chicken eggs respectively were assessed for egg weight, length, breadth, and volume as well as chick hatch weight. Fertility and hatchability were assessed in 3675 local chicken eggs and 3350 eggs from RIR and crossbred chicken each. There was no significant difference (p < 0.05) in egg traits and chick hatch weight between RIR and crossbred chickens but these birds had significantly higher egg weight, egg length, egg breadth, egg volume, and chick hatch weight than local chickens. There were significant (p < 0.0001) positive relationships between egg volume and egg weight, chick hatch weight and egg weight, and chick hatch weight and egg volume for all chickens. Fertility was 92.0±4.14, 91.1±4.42, and 94.5±2.21 for local, RIR, and crossbred chickens respectively. Hatchability varied significantly at p<0.05 (80.6±1.43 in crossbred, 64.0±2.16 in RIR, and 52.2±2.54 in local chickens). Survivability of local chicks was superior by 50% over RIR and crossbred chicks. It is concluded that cross breeding local chickens to RIR produces a superior breed to local ecotype in terms of egg traits, hatchability and survivability. Such superiority can be exploited to upgrade the genetic potential of local ecotype and thus improve poultry production.","PeriodicalId":181497,"journal":{"name":"Tanzania Veterinary Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127565163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 55

Factors affecting calving intervals, extracted milk yield and lactation length of Teso cattle and their crosses with Sahiwal and Boran 特索牛产犊间隔、泌乳量和泌乳时长的影响因素及其与沙希瓦尔和博然杂交的结果

Tanzania Veterinary Journal Pub Date : 2009-02-10 DOI: 10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42032

H. Mulindwa, G. Kifaro, E. Ssewanyana

引用次数: 0

The potential of heat shock response in the treatment of theileriosis in cattle: Review 热休克反应在牛肠道菌病治疗中的潜力:综述

Tanzania Veterinary Journal Pub Date : 2009-02-10 DOI: 10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42030

J. Malago

{"title":"The potential of heat shock response in the treatment of theileriosis in cattle: Review","authors":"J. Malago","doi":"10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42030","url":null,"abstract":"Theileriosis, in particular East Coast Fever, remains to be a challenge to herdsmen in Eastern, Central and Southern Africa. Its treatment cost is unbearable to majority of rural poor keepers who have subsequently opted for alternatives. Some herdsmen have developed a practice of heat application to parotid and prescapular lymph nodes of cattle with theileriosis to treat the disorder. The approach has been beneficial from time immemorial. Although the actual mechanism of this approach remains enigmatic, it might be linked with the protective role of heat shock response observed in several conditions. This prompts for closer look into the possible protective mechanisms of heat shock response against theileriosis. By gaining insight into how the heat shock response protects hosts against infections and its potential to protect cattle against theileriosis, therapeutic approaches to combat theileriosis could be improved. This work therefore, explores the cellular events triggered by Theileria parasite in the host cell as well as the possible sites at which heat shock response interferes to prevent establishment of the parasite and development of clinical theileriosis. It is concluded that the heat shock response is beneficial to animals against theileriosis. This concept can serve as a prelude to new therapeutic approaches against theileriosis. Keywords : Theileriosis, T. parva, NF-κB, Hsps, apoptosis Tanzania Vet Journal Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 75-87","PeriodicalId":181497,"journal":{"name":"Tanzania Veterinary Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123307517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Haematological and metabolic profiles of smallholder dairy cows in relation to weather patterns in southern highlands of Tanzania 坦桑尼亚南部高地小农奶牛的血液学和代谢特征与天气模式的关系

Tanzania Veterinary Journal Pub Date : 2009-02-10 DOI: 10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42034

E. Phiri, R. Chibunda, A. Pereka, E. Mtengeti, N. Urio, A. Katakweba

{"title":"Haematological and metabolic profiles of smallholder dairy cows in relation to weather patterns in southern highlands of Tanzania","authors":"E. Phiri, R. Chibunda, A. Pereka, E. Mtengeti, N. Urio, A. Katakweba","doi":"10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42034","url":null,"abstract":"A survey was carried out on 36 lactating Bos taurus/indicus crossbred dairy cows on smallholder dairy farming in Njombe district, Tanzania to assess seasonal variations in haematological and metabolic profiles. Blood was taken at an interval of two months for one year and analysed for haemoglobin concentration (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV%), total protein (TP), glucose (Glu), calcium (Ca), inorganic phosphate (Pi) and zinc (Zn) using standard methods. Hb, PCV %, plasma TP and Glu were within normal ranges. There were no differences (p>0.05) for Hb and plasma Pi. The effect of season was apparent (p 0.05) was observed in the levels between the seasons. Plasma Zn was high but at lower side of normal ranges in the wet season and below normal in the dry season. It is concluded that there is deficiency in minerals and protein in both dry and wet season. It is important to supplement minerals and protein to the animals to improve health, reproductive performance and milk production. Keywords : TP, protein, glucose, mineral, seasonal variation, PCV% haemoglobin Tanzania Vet Journal Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 111-120","PeriodicalId":181497,"journal":{"name":"Tanzania Veterinary Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129028258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Strategic control of ticks with synthetic pyrethroids in Theileria parva endemic areas in Tanzania increases calf growth and survival rates 用合成拟除虫菊酯对坦桑尼亚小飞虱流行地区的蜱虫进行战略性控制，可提高小牛的生长和存活率

Tanzania Veterinary Journal Pub Date : 2009-02-10 DOI: 10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42031

G. Mbassa, F. Mgongo, L. Mellau, L. Ladslaus, R. S. Silayo, E. Kimbita, A. A. Hayghaimo, J. Mlangwa, E. Mbiha

{"title":"Strategic control of ticks with synthetic pyrethroids in Theileria parva endemic areas in Tanzania increases calf growth and survival rates","authors":"G. Mbassa, F. Mgongo, L. Mellau, L. Ladslaus, R. S. Silayo, E. Kimbita, A. A. Hayghaimo, J. Mlangwa, E. Mbiha","doi":"10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42031","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of tick control by strategic dipping in synthetic pyrethroids on growth and survival rates of calves in Eastern Tanzania where Theileria parva and other tick borne infections (babesiosis, anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis) are endemic was measured. One day to five months old Tanganyika short horn zebu ( Bos indicus ) maintained on pastures were divided in two groups; group 1 (n=1340) were non treated control and group 2 (n=17920) were dipped regularly in pyrethroid acaricides at 14 day intervals. Body weights, mortality and survival rates of calves were determined by portable weighbridge and monitoring. Mean weights of group 1 calves at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 months of age were 28.0±1.09, 46.5±2.39, 53.3±2.01, 66.4±2.83 and 83.1±3.89 Kg respectively, growth rate on average being 11.1 Kg/month. Mean body weights of group 2 calves at same ages were 28.0±0.97, 46.0±0.24, 73.0±2.18, 96.7±2.60 and 101.7±2.01 Kg respectively, average growth rate being 14.8 Kg/month. Mortality rate in group 1 calves was 37.5% compared to 2.96% in group 2 calves. It is concluded that tick control increases calf growth and survival rates. Keywords : East cost fever, Theileria parva , endemic stability, tick acaricide Tanzania Vet Journal Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 88-95","PeriodicalId":181497,"journal":{"name":"Tanzania Veterinary Journal","volume":"35 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131923626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Veterinary paraprofessionals and community animal health workers in Tanzania 坦桑尼亚的兽医辅助专业人员和社区动物卫生工作者

Tanzania Veterinary Journal Pub Date : 2009-02-10 DOI: 10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42035

J. Mlangwa, Ie Kimera, F. Magayane

{"title":"Veterinary paraprofessionals and community animal health workers in Tanzania","authors":"J. Mlangwa, Ie Kimera, F. Magayane","doi":"10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42035","url":null,"abstract":"To address the economic hardships of the 1980‟s, Tanzania under pressure from its development partners both bilateral and multilateral embarked on structural adjustment program. In the case of veterinary services delivery systems reforms were advocated founded on privatisation and liberalisation. The government abruptly withdrew from providing clinical services, retrenched a substantial number of paraprofessionals and their training sponsorship was withdrawn. The gap created has not been bridged by the private sector which to date is limited to a few major urbanised foci. Rural producers have been the mostly affected by these reforms. The response has been to try and create a new cadre in the delivery of veterinary services and a reduced emphasis on the role of paraprofessionals. The roles of this new cadre commonly referred to as the community based animal health workers (CAHWs) and paraprofessionals are reviewed. We conclude that before any new cadre is introduced in the delivery system, technical and socio-economic sustainability issues should be researched. Furthermore we advocate that the role of paraprofessionals in the private sector and rural areas should be re-examined. Keywords : CAHW, Tanzania, paraprofessionals, animal health services Tanzania Vet Journal Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 121-131","PeriodicalId":181497,"journal":{"name":"Tanzania Veterinary Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117089067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Relative performance of buffered Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) and slow (tube) agglutination test (SAT) for detection of Brucella abortus antibodies in indigenous boran cattle in Tanzania 缓冲玫瑰孟加拉平板试验(RBPT)和慢速(试管)凝集试验(SAT)检测坦桑尼亚本土boran牛产布鲁氏菌抗体的相对性能

Tanzania Veterinary Journal Pub Date : 2009-02-10 DOI: 10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42033

E. Swai, A. Chang'a, A. Mbise, P. Mtui

引用次数: 1

Effect of cilantro on plasma lead levels and some hematological parameters in rats 香菜对大鼠血浆铅水平及一些血液学指标的影响

Tanzania Veterinary Journal Pub Date : 2009-02-10 DOI: 10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42036

Ps Mlay, S. Balthazary, E. Phiri, N. Lwitiko

引用次数: 0

Comparisons Of The Effects Of Medetomidine, Lidocaine And Their Combinations After Lumbosacral Epidural Injection In Goats 山羊腰骶部硬膜外注射后美托咪定、利多卡因及其联用的疗效比较

Tanzania Veterinary Journal Pub Date : 2008-08-22 DOI: 10.4314/TVJ.V24I1.42014

D. Mpanduji, J. Barnabas, G. Kahensa, N. Farijara, M. Fabian, S. Khalid, Aa Kyando, S. Bittegeko

{"title":"Comparisons Of The Effects Of Medetomidine, Lidocaine And Their Combinations After Lumbosacral Epidural Injection In Goats","authors":"D. Mpanduji, J. Barnabas, G. Kahensa, N. Farijara, M. Fabian, S. Khalid, Aa Kyando, S. Bittegeko","doi":"10.4314/TVJ.V24I1.42014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TVJ.V24I1.42014","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried out in order to compare the behavioral,\u0000analgesic and cardio-pulmonary effects of epidurally administered medetomidine, lidocaine and their combinations in adult Small East African goats. Fourteen adult, healthy, Small East African goats of both sexes were used in this study. Medetomidine was administered at a dose of 20 mg/kg while lidocaine was given at a dose of 4.4 mg/kg body weight.\u0000Similarly, half of the above doses were combined, administered and evaluated for the same parameters. The drugs were administered in a randomized single blinded study, with a one-week interval between subsequent injections. Lumbosacral epidural injection of medetomidine and medetomidine-lidocaine combinations induced behavioral changes\u0000characterized by ataxia, swaying movements, tail flaccidity, low head carriage, sternal and lateral recumbency posture coupled with salivation. Both medetomidine and medetomidine/lidocaine combination induced a significant (P 0.05). Lumbosacral epidural injection of medetomidine and medetomidine-lidocaine combination induced a generalized analgesia, while lidocaine aloneinduced bilateral flank and perineal analgesia with variable cranial extension. The duration of adequate analgesia was longer with\u0000medetomidine alone than either lidocaine or medetomidine-lidocaine combination. It was therefore concluded that, lumbosacral epidural injection of 20 mg/kg medetomidine induces adequate analgesia of longer duration than either 4.4 mg/kg lidocaine or a combination of half the dose of medetomidine and lidocaine mixed together and given epidurally. Tanzania Veterinary Journal Vol. 24 (1) 2007: pp. 52-66","PeriodicalId":181497,"journal":{"name":"Tanzania Veterinary Journal","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121982418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Studies On The Role Of Trade Cattle In The Transmission Of Brucellosis In Karagwe District, Tanzania 交易牛在坦桑尼亚卡拉圭地区布鲁氏菌病传播中的作用研究

Tanzania Veterinary Journal Pub Date : 2008-08-22 DOI: 10.4314/TVJ.V25I1.42028

Vp Kiputa, S. Kimera, P. Wambura

引用次数: 14