Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research最新文献

{"title":"EXAMINING THE DIFFERENCES IN AUTISM QUOTIENT SCORESBASED ON ETHNICITY","authors":"Shamsu Shehu, Sadiya Tahir, Abdullahi Dahiru, A. A. Lawan","doi":"10.31674/MJMR.2021.V05I01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31674/MJMR.2021.V05I01.003","url":null,"abstract":"Definitive explanations on the associations between demographics and cause as well as the cure of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are yet to be known due to the unavailability of universal datasets and cost-effective diagnostic measures. This study analyzed large ASD screening data to examine whether symptoms of ASD differ based on ethnicity. The result showed a significant difference in the Autism Quotient (AQ) scores based on ethnicity among children, adolescents, and adults. Higher internal consistency was recorded on self-reported cases. This study will advance understanding of the influence of demographics on ASD symptoms. It is suggested that future studies should improve the reliability of AQ as screening tool.","PeriodicalId":18105,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85068651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Machine Learning in Neurosurgery: A Systematic Review of Related Literature","authors":"Praveen Kumar Donepudi","doi":"10.18034/mjmbr.v8i1.520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18034/mjmbr.v8i1.520","url":null,"abstract":"Machine learning is a domain within artificial intelligence that allows for computer algorithms to be learned from experience without them having being programmed. The objective of this study is to summarize the neurosurgical applications of machine learning when compared to clinical expertise. This study uses a systematic search to review articles from the PubMed and Embase databases in comparing various machine learning studies approaches to that of the clinical experts. For this study, 23 studies were identified which used machine learning algorithms for the diagnosis, pre-surgical planning, and outcome prediction. In conclusion, this study identifies that machine learning models can augment decision-making capacity for the surgeons and clinicians in neurosurgical applications. Despite this, there still exist hurdles that involve creation, validation, and the deployment of the machine learning techniques in clinical settings. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":18105,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89532663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of AI and Machine Learning for Asthma Patients: A Systematic Literature Review","authors":"Takudzwa Fadziso","doi":"10.18034/mjmbr.v7i2.517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18034/mjmbr.v7i2.517","url":null,"abstract":"In modern times, the collection of data is not a big deal but using it in a meaningful is a challenging task. Different organizations are using artificial intelligence and machine learning for collecting and utilizing the data. These should also be used in the medical because different disease requires the prediction. One of these diseases is asthma that is continuously increasing and affecting more and more people. The major issue is that it is difficult to diagnose in children. Machine learning algorithms can help in diagnosing it early so that the doctors can start the treatment early. Machine learning algorithms can perform this prediction so this study will be helpful for both the doctors and patients. There are different machine learning predictive algorithms are available that have been used for this purpose. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":18105,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74464200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ICU NURSES' PERCEIVED KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICEON ENDOTRACHEAL SUCTIONING: A PRELIMINARY STUDY ATAHOSPITAL IN PAHANG, MALAYSIA","authors":"A. Afandi, S. M. Ludin","doi":"10.31674/MJMR.2020.V04I04.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31674/MJMR.2020.V04I04.005","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Endotracheal suctioning isa common procedure for intubated patients typically seen in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Although several studies regarding the knowledge and practice of endotracheal suctioning among nurses were conducted internationally, the status of the procedurein Malaysia is unknown. Objectives: To assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice on endotracheal suctioning and the relationship between each variable. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted via convenient sampling at two ICUs using a set of questionnaire that consisted of fourparts pertaining to sociodemographic data, knowledge items, attitude items, and practice items following ethical approvals. The data obtained were analysed for descriptive and inferential assessments using SPSS. Results: A total of 77 nurses responded to the questionnaire (response rate 100%). A moderate positive relationship between knowledge and attitude were identified ( r =0.514, p =0.000), whilea weak positive relationship was observed between knowledge and practice ( r =0.408, p =0.000). A negligible correlation was also observed between attitude and practice ( r =0.269, p =0.018). Discussion: From the study, the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice were found to be related to each other. The results have shown that age does not representthe score gain in knowledge, attitude, and practice questions. Similarly, the score gain was not affected whether the nurses had a post-basicbackground or not. Conclusion: There is a relationship between knowledge, attitude, and practice on endotracheal suctioning among ICU nurses. There is no relationship between sociodemographic data (age, working experience and post-basic) with knowledge, attitude and practice on endotracheal suctioning. A good practice score were seen in this study compared to the knowledge and attitude score among ICU nurses in HTAA Kuantan. Most of the ICU nurses in the HTAA Kuantan exhibited an excellent practice on endotracheal suctioning.","PeriodicalId":18105,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85372971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE EFFECT OF GIVING EEL FLOUR (MONOPTERUS ALBUS) WITHLEVELS TO THE ACCELERATION OF FRACTURE HEALING PROCESSAT RATTUS NOVERGICUS WISTAR ALBINO JANTAN","authors":"Yesi Maifita, Zuriati, Rena Oktafiyanti","doi":"10.31674/MJMR.2020.V04I04.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31674/MJMR.2020.V04I04.008","url":null,"abstract":"World Health Organization (WHO) noted that there were more than 2 million people who suffered from fractures in 2017. The comparison of the results of the 2007 Riskesdas with the 2013 Riskesdas showed a tendency to increase fracture prevalence from 7.5% to 8.2% (Riskesdas, 2013). (Sabiton, 2016) says that fracture treatment can be done by recognition, reduction, retention and rehabilitation. According to (Faizah, 2015) Nutrients that contain high protein according to the needs can help the fracture healing process. Eels have a lot of nutrients, such as phosphate, calcium, protein, collagen and amino acids that can help bone growth. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of giving eel flour (Monopterus Albus) with multilevel content to the acceleration of male healing process of Rattus Novergicus Fracture of Wistar Albino. This research is an experimental study with post test only control group design. This research was conducted in May-June 2019 in the Laboratory of Anatomy of Stikes Piala Sakti Pariaman. The sampling technique was purposive sampling technique with many samples 24 rats. The results of the ANOVA test have the effect of giving eel flour to the acceleration of the fracture healing process with a value of = 0,000, followed by Post Hoc LSD to determine the test of significant differences between groups. The higher the dose of flour, the faster the fracture healing process. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that consuming eel flour can accelerate the process of fracture healing. Need to do further testing to humans as an effort to test the safety of the dose.","PeriodicalId":18105,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82309361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A STUDY TO IDENTIFY THE PERCEIVED STRESS AMONG FIRSTYEAR BASIC B SC. NURSING STUDENTS IN A SELECTED COLLEGEOF NURSING IN KOLKATA (WEST BENGAL), INDIA","authors":"R. Bag","doi":"10.31674/MJMR.2020.V04I04.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31674/MJMR.2020.V04I04.004","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To explore the experience of the first year basic B Sc. nursing students, who are exposed to the clinical field of nursing and nursing profession for the first time and describe their sense of perceived stress. Objective: To assess the perceived stress among the first year basic B Sc. nursing students and to find out association between perceived stress and demographic variables. Method: A descriptive survey approach was taken at selected college of nursing. Total 67samples selected through non probability convenience sampling technique. A structured questionnaire used for demographic variables. The data was collected through the standardized tool of Cohen's perceived stress scale along with the rating scale of stress checklist. Result: Major findings of the study was found that out of 67 students, maximum of 43.8 28% have monthly family income of below Rupees 5000, 79.11% of the students were away from home first time, 20.89% students had factors like could not pursue other courses and 88.05% has never been exposed to the hospital environment before. Based on the stress score, 73.14% students whose score was between 11 to 20, were found to have mild stress. 23.8℅ whose score was between 21 to 30 had moderate stress and 2.98 ℅ students who scored between 0 to 10 were undergoing the least level of stress. It is recommended that further studies can be done with larger sample size and or among students of other professional courses. Conclusion/Outcome: The investigator observed that there was significant Association between perceived level of stress and the presence of precipitating factors i.e away from home first time, could not pursue other courses and monthly family income{chi square(2)=5.99 , P <0.05}. Other than this there was no significant Association between perceived stress with other selected variables.","PeriodicalId":18105,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research","volume":"44 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91401117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EMERGENCY RESPONSE PREPAREDNESS: CHALLENGES OF FIRSTRESPONDERS IN MANAGING BOKO HARAM CASUALTY IN KANO,NORTH-WESTERN NIGERIA","authors":"J. L. Ajiya, Yakubu Anas, Abdullahi Dahiru, Mairo S. Muhammad, S. M. Jella, M. Idris, A. Lawan, Safi Ibrahim","doi":"10.31674/MJMR.2020.V04I04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31674/MJMR.2020.V04I04.002","url":null,"abstract":"This is a descriptive retrospective study of mass human-made disaster of Boko haram background that occurred in Kano from 2012 to 2015. The emergency preparedness and the challenges faced by the first responders were investigated with a view to improving the practice to international standards. Objective: This paper aimed at reviewing the challenges of first responders in managing Boko Haram casualty in Kano, North-western Nigeria with a view to delineating the best practice of handling casualties of mass disasters. Method: Six (6) focused group discussion (FGD) involving 36 participants from the responding agencies were conducted to explore the challenges faced during the Boko Haram emergency management. Data from the official reports of security agencies and emergency service providers as well as Nigeria newspaper reports were also reviewed. The standard protocols for disaster victim's identification and management developed by the World Health Organization, International Committee of the Red Cross and the INTERPOL were analyzed and compared with the response of the main responding agencies in Kano. Results: The findings indicate lack of sufficient equipment as the main challenge faced by the responders, followed by inadequate training, lack of effective co-ordination and poor safety of responders. Conclusion and Recommendation: Researchers concluded that first responders in Kano are working below the International standards and have faced major challenges of insufficient equipment and inadequate training during Boko haram insurgency. It was recommended that the state government should provide enabling environment for first responders to work in cases of disaster. First responders need to improve their co-ordination; ensure best practices and obey local and international humanitarian laws.","PeriodicalId":18105,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72802948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SENSATION SEEKING AND INTERNETUSE AMONG INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS","authors":"S. Rezaei, Sonia Khodabakhsh, M. Rabbani","doi":"10.31674/MJMR.2020.V04I04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31674/MJMR.2020.V04I04.001","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between sensation seeking and level of Internet use. This study is a quantitative research and a convenient sampling method as used to select 313 male and female international students in a public university in Malaysia. In this study, three questionnaires were used including Demographic Questionnaire, Sensation Seeking Scale, and Internet Addiction Test. Descriptive analyses and Pearson correlation was used to explore the relationship between level of Internet use and sensation seeking in participants. The results showed that there is significant positive relationship between sensation seeking and level of Internet use among students.","PeriodicalId":18105,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90170285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE AND BODYIMAGE EVALUATION IN MALAYSIAN YOUTH","authors":"Sonia Khodabakhsh, Chantheari Leng","doi":"10.31674/MJMR.2020.V04I04.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31674/MJMR.2020.V04I04.013","url":null,"abstract":"Social media is one of the most influential factors that highly relates to individuals' perspectives towards many things in their lives. Besides, in recent decades, one of the important concepts among the young population is how they evaluate their body image. Therefore, this study aimed at exploring the relationship between social media usage and body image evaluation among Malaysian youth. Three hundred sixteen participants completed the online questionnaires including demographic questionnaire, Social Media Intensity, and Body Image Evaluation questionnaire. Data were analysed by Pearson Correlation method and results showed that there is a negative relationship between social media usage and body image evaluation. It means that if youth use social media excessively, they may have a low evaluation of their body image and visa versa. This relationship is a correlation and should not be considered a causal relationship. This study has implications for young people and counsellors in the field by providing awareness about the association between these two concepts.","PeriodicalId":18105,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80650755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STIMULATION OF DAIRY MILK ON ACTIVE MANAGEMENT KALAIII ON TIME OF PLACENTA DISPOSAL","authors":"Aries Abiyoga, Tuti Meihartati","doi":"10.31674/MJMR.2020.V04I04.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31674/MJMR.2020.V04I04.010","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Actually, more than 90% of postpartum hemorrhage cases occurring within 24 hours after delivery are caused by uterine atony, one of the factors causing uterine atony due to errors in active management of the third phase such as inappropriate oxytocin administration time. Stimulation of nipple can produce oxytocin naturally and this oxytocin can shorten the time of placental release. This study aims to determine the influence of nipple stimulation on the active management of phase III to the placenta release time. Methods: The method in this study was quasi experimental with post test design only non equivalent control group. Samples in this study were 32 physiological maternal with phase III who were divided into two groups with non probability sampling technique with purposive sampling type. Results: The results in this study, there was a difference in placental release time, in the release intervention placental group faster than the control group and the result was ρ value < 0,001 (<0,05). Conclusions: there is an effect of mother's nipple stimulation on the active management of phase III to the time of placental release.","PeriodicalId":18105,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83762554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}