Liver International最新文献

{"title":"Ketogenic Diet and Hepatic Ischaemia–Reperfusion Injury: Aggravation or Mitigation?","authors":"Hanwen Yang, Yujun Zhao","doi":"10.1111/liv.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.70005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":"45 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpretable and Open AI Models: A Mandate for the Future of HCC Diagnostics","authors":"Simone Famularo, Luca Boldrini, Matteo Donadon, Zenichi Morise","doi":"10.1111/liv.16229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.16229","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We read with interest the recent study by Zheng et al. [<span>1</span>] that introduces an innovative MRI-based topology deep learning (DL) model achieving high diagnostic accuracy in the prediction microvascular invasion (MVI), highlighting a key development in the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into oncologic imaging. Microvascular invasion is among the critical determinants of prognosis in HCC and is typically associated with early recurrence and poor survival outcomes. Accurate prediction of MVI is therefore paramount, not only to guide therapeutic decisions [<span>2</span>] but also to stratify patients for clinical trials. HCC begins often as a tumour with less-invasiveness in the early stages of its development. In the stage, it grows not invasively, forming a non-cancerous tissue capsule of compressed surrounding tissue. In liver resection for HCC, resection at the capsule level is sometimes considered R0 resection. However, during the developmental process, cancer cells invade outside the capsule and into vessels, such as the portal vein. After going through this step, the aggressiveness of HCC increases rapidly, and surgical intervention based on the aforementioned recognition cannot obtain a sufficient therapeutic effect. Therefore, the macroscopic type is strongly related to its prognosis after intervention [<span>3, 4</span>]. It has long been pointed out the difficulty connecting these findings to surgical outcomes. Present research by Zheng et al. suggests that new insights may be obtained by connecting detailed findings (not limited to morphological changes) of MRI to topology and putting them in AI analysis. Although minute extracapsular and/or vascular invasions can be confirmed in postoperative pathology, reliable preoperative imaging modality for their early detection has not yet been established.</p><p>Although the study represents a remarkable technical achievement, it also invites broader reflection on the role and responsibilities of AI in clinical decision-making: first, the development of interpretable AI models that clinicians can trust and understand; and second, the democratisation of these tools through open-source frameworks to ensure their widespread validation and application.</p><p>The growing field of AI in medicine has transformed how we approach complex problems, particularly in diagnostic imaging. Advances in convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and, more recently, topological data analysis (TDA), have enabled models to extract nuanced patterns from imaging data, surpassing the diagnostic capabilities of traditional radiological methods [<span>5</span>]. In the context of HCC, the concept of a ‘virtual biopsy’ is particularly compelling. By inferring histopathological features, such as MVI from imaging data alone, these models could obviate the need for invasive procedures, reduce patient morbidity and accelerate clinical decision-making. This field is rapidly developing, and the use of a comb","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":"45 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/liv.16229","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trans-Arterial Radioembolisation for HCC: Personalised Dosimetry Beyond Yttrium 90","authors":"Lambros Tselikas, Maxime Ronot","doi":"10.1111/liv.16184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.16184","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The landscape of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment has constantly evolved, striving for personalised, precise and more effective therapeutic options. The utilisation of radioembolisation with yttrium-90 (90Y) has been growing over the past decade despite several initial negative phase 3 randomised trials conducted in patients with advanced HCC where Y90-radioembolisation was tested against sorafenib [<span>1, 2</span>]. This paradox can be explained by positive signals extracted from these trials regarding toxicity and quality of life, a refinement in patient selection criteria and, more importantly, a deeper understanding of the utmost importance of dosimetric parameters. The pivotal DOSISPHERE-01 trial first demonstrated the importance of an optimised and personalised dosimetric approach, aiming to maximise tumour control while minimising the risk to non-tumoral liver tissue [<span>3, 4</span>]. In this context, the study by Bucalau et al. published in this issue marks a significant advancement, introducing Holmium-166 (166Ho) radioembolisation coupled with personalised predictive dosimetry as a treatment modality for patients with HCC [<span>5</span>].</p><p>The study by Bucalau et al. followed a rigorous methodology, employing a personalised predictive dosimetry approach to optimise treatment efficacy [<span>5</span>]. By administering a 166Ho-radioembolisation to a targeted population of 15 patients with early to intermediate-stage HCC mostly, the research illustrates the path towards a more individualised treatment paradigm. The investigation reveals a significant achievement as all patients showed an objective response on the targeted tumours at 3 months and a very high complete response rate (78.6%), even in patients with large tumours. This study also highlighted the potential of 166Ho in enhancing the safety of radioembolisation, with no ≥ grade 3 short treatment-related adverse event, in line with previous studies [<span>6</span>]. Furthermore, the study contributes valuable dosimetric data on 166Ho, offering a foundation for future research and clinical application in liver cancer therapy both on the efficacy side (dose to the tumour) and on a safety perspective (dose to the non-tumoral liver). The dual PET imaging (FDG/choline) incorporated in the study further underscores the sophistication of 166Ho-SIRT in assessing tumour metabolism and response, paving the way for its integration into comprehensive cancer management protocols.</p><p>The use of Holmium-166 has several theoretical advantages over Yttrium-90 for radioembolisation. First, Holmium-166 emits both beta particles (used for therapeutic effect) and gamma radiation, which can be detected by gamma cameras. This allows for post-procedural imaging to assess the distribution of the radioembolisation particles. Yttrium-90, in contrast, primarily emits beta particles, making imaging more challenging and typically requiring the use of Bremsstrahlung SPECT or PET scans to","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":"45 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/liv.16184","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-Level Viremia Impairs Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"Rong Li,&nbsp;Wenli Li,&nbsp;Qing Yang,&nbsp;Yujuan Guan,&nbsp;Yongru Chen,&nbsp;Peilin Zhu,&nbsp;Kaiyan Su,&nbsp;Qi Li,&nbsp;Xiaoyun Hu,&nbsp;Mengya Zang,&nbsp;Miaoxian Zhao,&nbsp;Manhua Zhong,&nbsp;Jingquan Yan,&nbsp;Keli Yang,&nbsp;Wei Zhu,&nbsp;Zhanzhou Lin,&nbsp;Guosheng Yuan,&nbsp;Jinzhang Chen","doi":"10.1111/liv.70066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The impact of low-level viremia(LLV) on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(uHCC) patients remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the effect of LLV on the outcomes of ICIs-based therapy in patients with uHCC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this multicenter retrospective study, we included patients with uHCC who received ICIs-based therapy at four centres between January 2019 and December 2022. All patients were positive for HBsAg and were on nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) antiviral therapy. Propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) were used to balance baseline characteristics between the LLV and maintained virological response (MVR) groups. Proteomic analysis was performed on a subset of patients to identify differential protein expression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 329 patients (mean age 56 years; 92.4% male; 70.8% BCLC stage C) were included, with 170 patients in the LLV group and 159 in the MVR group. The objective response rate (ORR) was significantly lower in the LLV group compared to the MVR group (21.2% vs. 36.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.002), as was the disease control rate (DCR) (78.8% vs. 92.5%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Median progression-free survival (mPFS) was shorter in the LLV group (7.6 vs. 12.6 months, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), as was median overall survival (mOS) (22.8 vs. 40.0 months, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). These differences remained consistent after PSM and IPTW adjustments. Multivariate analysis identified LLV as the only independent risk factor for overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] 0.522, 95% CI 0.348–0.781; <i>p</i> = 0.002). Proteomic analysis revealed significant differences in the expression of Flt3L, SLAMF1 and FGF-5 proteins between the LLV and MVR groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LLV is associated with poorer responses to ICIs-based therapy and reduced survival in patients with HBV-related uHCC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":"45 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/liv.70066","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notch1 Signalling Is Downregulated by Aerobic Exercise, Leading to Improvement of Hepatic Metabolism in Obese Mice","authors":"Rafael Calais Gaspar,&nbsp;Ana Paula Azevêdo Macêdo,&nbsp;Susana Castelo Branco Ramos Nakandakari,&nbsp;Vitor Rosetto Muñoz,&nbsp;Gabriela Ferreira Abud,&nbsp;Renan Fudoli Lins Vieira,&nbsp;Ivo Vieira de Sousa Neto,&nbsp;Isadora Carolina Betim Pavan,&nbsp;Luiz Guilherme Salvino da Silva,&nbsp;Fernando Moreira Simabuco,&nbsp;Adelino S. R. da Silva,&nbsp;Wilson Salgado Junior,&nbsp;Julio Sergio Marchini,&nbsp;Carla Barbosa Nonino,&nbsp;Dennys Esper Cintra,&nbsp;Eduardo Rochete Ropelle,&nbsp;Utpal B. Pajvani,&nbsp;Ellen Cristini de Freitas,&nbsp;José Rodrigo Pauli","doi":"10.1111/liv.70068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.70068","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Notch1 protein plays a significant role in hepatic metabolism, as evidenced by its correlation with insulin resistance in the livers of obese individuals, making it an intriguing research target. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impact of aerobic exercise on Notch1 pathways in the hepatic tissue of obese mice and its role in controlling hepatic metabolism.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study utilising liver biopsies from lean and obese humans, as well as an intervention study involving mice subjected to a high-fat diet. The obese-trained mice group underwent a treadmill-running protocol for 4 weeks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings revealed that obese individuals exhibited increased NOTCH1 mRNA levels compared to lean subjects. The detrimental effects of Notch1 signalling were confirmed by Notch1-overexpressed HepG2 cell lines. Obese mice with higher hepatic Notch1 signalling demonstrated a reduction in this pathway when subjected to a 4-week treadmill running. Another benefit noticed in this trained group was the amelioration of insulin resistance, as well as a reduction in pyruvate intolerance and gluconeogenic enzymes. Additionally, we observed that these protective findings were accompanied by a decrease in mTORC1 pathway activity and lipid accumulation in the liver. Pharmacological inhibition of Notch1 in obese mice led to an increase in mitochondrial respiration in the liver.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conclude that Notch1 signalling may be a potentially useful therapeutic target in obesity, while aerobic exercise training suppresses the Notch1 pathway in the liver, contributing to the regulation of hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism in obese mice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":"45 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of Serious Bacterial and Non-Bacterial Infections in People With MASLD","authors":"Giovanni Targher,&nbsp;Herbert Tilg,&nbsp;Luca Valenti","doi":"10.1111/liv.70059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.70059","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease globally. MASLD is a multisystem disease where metabolic dysfunction plays a key role in the development of MASLD and its most relevant liver-related morbidities and extrahepatic complications, such as cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease and certain types of extrahepatic cancers. Among the least examined MASLD-related extrahepatic complications, an ever-increasing number of observational studies have reported a positive association between MASLD and the risk of serious bacterial infections (SBI) requiring hospital admission. This risk remained significant in those studies where statistical analysis was adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, obesity, type 2 diabetes and other common comorbidities. Notably, the incidence rates of SBI were further increased with more advanced MASLD, especially in patients with MASLD-related cirrhosis, and were also observed for some acute viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2 infection, leading to severe COVID-19. In this narrative review article, we provide an overview of the literature on (a) the recent epidemiological data linking MASLD to the risk of serious bacterial and non-bacterial infections requiring hospital admission, (b) the putative underlying mechanisms through which MASLD may increase the susceptibility to serious infections, both directly and through the immune dysfunction associated with cirrhosis and portal hypertension, and (c) the practical and clinical implications of the increased risk of serious bacterial and non-bacterial infections in the growing global population with MASLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":"45 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/liv.70059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors Among Patients With Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis—A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study","authors":"Marine Sølling Ramsing,&nbsp;Morten Daniel Jensen,&nbsp;Peter Jepsen","doi":"10.1111/liv.70061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.70061","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may have adverse effects in patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis (ALD cirrhosis), but PPIs continue to be used by many patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to describe the prevalence and incidence of PPI use from filled prescriptions among patients with ALD cirrhosis and to identify predictors of PPI initiation after ALD cirrhosis diagnosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used Danish nationwide healthcare registries to investigate PPI use among patients diagnosed with ALD cirrhosis from 1997 to 2022. We used multivariable Cox regression to identify predictors of PPI initiation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified 41 263 patients diagnosed with ALD cirrhosis in 1997–2022. In this cohort, the prevalence of PPI use rose to 40% in 2016 and plateaued at this level through 2022. Considering time since diagnosis, 26% were using PPI at the diagnosis of ALD cirrhosis, and the prevalence peaked at 38% 3 months later. Among PPI users, 79% used more than 30 defined daily doses per year on average during the follow-up. Patients older than 50 years were more likely than younger patients to initiate PPI treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The use of PPIs continues to be prevalent among patients with ALD cirrhosis, with 40% of all patients using PPIs in 2022. Within the first 3 months after diagnosis, 38% of all patients were using PPIs. Our results provide essential background information for future RCTs on the risks and benefits of prescribing or deprescribing PPIs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":"45 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/liv.70061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Markov Model Unveiling the Impact of Resmetirom on the Natural History of MASLD Patients: A Sistematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Grazia Pennisi,&nbsp;Gabriele Di Maria,&nbsp;Marco Enea,&nbsp;Marco Vaccaro,&nbsp;Ciro Celsa,&nbsp;Michela Antonucci,&nbsp;Giacinta Ciancimino,&nbsp;Carlo Ciccioli,&nbsp;Giuseppe Infantino,&nbsp;Claudia La Mantia,&nbsp;Adele Tulone,&nbsp;Vito Di Marco,&nbsp;Calogero Cammà,&nbsp;Salvatore Petta","doi":"10.1111/liv.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The MAESTRO-NASH phase 3 trial reported that a 52-week treatment of Resmetirom is effective in improving fibrosis and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) in patients with MASH and F2 or F3 fibrosis, while data on the impact on 5-year and long-term clinical outcomes are still lacking. We simulated the transition probabilities of disease progression in MASLD patients with F2 or F3 fibrosis and the effect of Resmetirom treatment on clinical outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A meta-analysis of literature data formed transition matrices for fibrosis stages and complications, defined as compensated (CC) and decompensated cirrhosis (DC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and mortality—liver-related mortality (LR-M), cardiovascular mortality (CV-M) and extra-hepatic cancer mortality (EHC-M). Markov model was developed to depict the F2 and F3 fibrosis stage progression towards the complications and to evaluate the effect of Resmetirom treatment on the natural history of MASLD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We estimated the 5-year probability of Resmetirom-treated and untreated MASLD patients with baseline F2 fibrosis of developing CC (5.16% vs. 6.82%, respectively), DC (0.25% vs. 0.3%, respectively), HCC (0.25% vs. 0.32%, respectively) and mortality (0.15% vs. 0.16% for LR-M; 1.02% vs. 1.1% for CV-M; 1.07% vs. 1.2% for EHC-M, respectively). Similarly, we estimated the five-year probability of Resmetirom-treated and untreated MASLD patients with baseline F3 fibrosis of developing CC (17.12% vs. 21.34%, respectively), DC(1.1% vs. 1.47%, respectively), HCC (1.21% vs. 1.73%, respectively) and mortality (0.59% vs. 0.91% for LR-M, 1.92% vs. 2.14% for CV-M and 1.04% vs. 1.14% for EHC-M, respectively). Life Years Gained (LYG) of Resmetirom-treated patients were 0.45 and 0.63 in MASLD patients with F2 and F3 fibrosis, respectively, and the model was sensitive to changes in Resmetirom efficacy and transition probabilities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Resmetirom decreases the 5-year and lifetime Markov-model estimated risk of CC, DC, HCC and liver-related mortality in patients with MASLD and F2 or F3 fibrosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":"45 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/liv.70056","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Burden of Major Chronic Liver Diseases in 2021","authors":"Gong Feng,&nbsp;Yusuf Yilmaz,&nbsp;Luca Valenti,&nbsp;Wai-Kay Seto,&nbsp;Calvin Q. Pan,&nbsp;Nahum Méndez-Sánchez,&nbsp;Feng Ye,&nbsp;Silvia Sookoian,&nbsp;Giovanni Targher,&nbsp;Christopher D. Byrne,&nbsp;Wah-Kheong Chan,&nbsp;Sombat Treeprasertsuk,&nbsp;Hon Ho Yu,&nbsp;Seung Up Kim,&nbsp;Jacob George,&nbsp;Wen-Jing Xu,&nbsp;Giada Sebastiani,&nbsp;Ponsiano Ocama,&nbsp;John D. Ryan,&nbsp;Monica Lupșor-Platon,&nbsp;Hasmik Ghazinyan,&nbsp;Saeed Hamid,&nbsp;Nilanka Perera,&nbsp;Khalid Alswat,&nbsp;Vasily Isakov,&nbsp;Qiuwei Pan,&nbsp;Shiv Kumar Sarin,&nbsp;Jörn M. Schattenberg,&nbsp;Mohammadjavad Sotoudeheian,&nbsp;Yu Jun Wong,&nbsp;Ala I. Sharara,&nbsp;Said A. Al-Busafi,&nbsp;Christopher Kenneth Opio,&nbsp;Jin Chai,&nbsp;Yasser Fouad,&nbsp;Yu Shi,&nbsp;Mamun Al-Mahtab,&nbsp;Sujuan Zhang,&nbsp;Carlos Jose Pirola,&nbsp;Vincent Wai-Sun Wong,&nbsp;Ming-Hua Zheng","doi":"10.1111/liv.70058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study utilised the Global Burden of Disease data (2010–2021) to analyse the rates and trends in point prevalence, annual incidence and years lived with disability (YLDs) for major chronic liver diseases, such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease, cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Age-standardised rates per 100,000 population for prevalence, annual incidence and YLDs were compared across regions and countries, as well as the socio-demographic index (SDI). Trends were expressed as percentage changes (PC) and estimates were reported with uncertainty intervals (UI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Globally, in 2021, the age-standardised rates per 100,000 population for the prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, MASLD and cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases were 3583.6 (95%UI 3293.6–3887.7), 1717.8 (1385.5–2075.3), 15018.1 (13756.5–16361.4) and 20302.6 (18845.2–21791.9) respectively. From 2010 to 2021, the PC in age-standardised prevalence rates were−20.4% for hepatitis B, −5.1% for hepatitis C, +11.2% for MASLD and + 2.6% for cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases. Over the same period, the PC in age-standardized incidence rates were -24.7%, -6.8%, +3.2%, and +3.0%, respectively. Generally, negative associations, but with fluctuations, were found between age-standardised prevalence rates for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases and the SDI at a global level. However, MASLD prevalence peaked at moderate SDI levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The global burden of chronic liver diseases remains substantial. Hepatitis B and C have decreased in prevalence and incidence in the last decade, while MASLD, cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases have increased, necessitating targeted public health strategies and resource allocation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":"45 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the Understanding of Obesity and Liver Health: Addressing Lifestyle, Socio-economic and Ethnic Disparities","authors":"Zeping Chen,&nbsp;Lincheng Duan,&nbsp;Changhu Sun","doi":"10.1111/liv.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.70035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":"45 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}