Liver International最新文献

{"title":"Clinical outcomes of MAFLD versus NAFLD: A meta-analysis of observational studies.","authors":"Grazia Pennisi, Giuseppe Infantino, Ciro Celsa, Gabriele Di Maria, Marco Enea, Marco Vaccaro, Roberto Cannella, Carlo Ciccioli, Claudia La Mantia, Alessandro Mantovani, Francesco Mercurio, Herbert Tilg, Giovanni Targher, Vito Di Marco, Calogero Cammà, Salvatore Petta","doi":"10.1111/liv.16075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.16075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>The recent change in terminology from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) highlights the link between hepatic steatosis and metabolic dysfunction, taking out the stigmata of alcohol.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We compared the effects of NAFLD and MAFLD definitions on the risk of overall and cardiovascular (CV) mortality, liver-related events (LRE), nonfatal CV events (CVE), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and extra-hepatic cancers (EHC).</p><p><strong>Data sources and study selection: </strong>We systematically searched four large electronic databases for cohort studies (published through August 2023) that simultaneously used NAFLD and MAFLD definitions for examining the risk of mortality and adverse CV, renal, or oncological outcomes associated with both definitions. In total, 21 eligible cohort studies were identified. Meta-analysis was performed using random-effects modelling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with those with NAFLD, individuals with MAFLD had significantly higher rates of overall mortality (random-effect OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.04-1.21, p = .004) and CV mortality (random-effect OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.04-1.26, p = .004), and a marginal trend towards higher rates of developing CKD (random-effect OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.00-1.12, p = .058) and EHC events (random-effect OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.00-1.23, p = .052). We found no significant differences in the risk LREs and nonfatal CVE between MAFLD and NAFLD. Meta-regression analyses identified male sex and metabolic comorbidities as the strongest risk factors related to the risk of adverse clinical outcomes in MAFLD compared to NAFLD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Individuals with MAFLD have higher rates of overall and CV mortality and higher rates of developing CKD and EHC events than those with NAFLD, possibly due to the dysmetabolic risk profile related to MAFLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142000363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic characteristics of patients with MetALD: Caveats of a new definition.","authors":"Erin Petrie, Meagan Gray, Fernando Bril","doi":"10.1111/liv.16034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.16034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Recently, a new entity was introduced, MetALD, which includes patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), who consume moderate amounts of alcohol. However, little is known regarding the metabolic and clinical characteristics of these patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2017-2020 was used. Participants without valid transient elastography (TE) measurements, incomplete alcohol consumption report, or with alternative etiologies of liver steatosis were excluded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 6901 patients were included in the study, of which 106 (1.5%) had MetALD. Overall, MetALD patients showed a metabolic profile that was more similar to patients with alcohol related liver disease (ALD) than MASLD. Specifically, while patients with MetALD showed values in-between MASLD and ALD for body mass index (BMI), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) and haemoglobin A1c, they had similar high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), blood pressure, prevalence of diabetes and insulin resistance to ALD patients. Increasing alcohol consumption was associated with lower insulin resistance and A1c and higher triglycerides, HDL-C and blood pressure. Moreover, while AST, ALT and GGT increased with alcohol consumption, this did not translate into worse hepatic steatosis or liver fibrosis by TE.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MetALD patients share some characteristics with MASLD, but they resemble ALD patients more, especially after adjusting for BMI. Alcohol consumption produces a dissociation between insulin resistance and some cardiometabolic risk factors (blood pressure and HDL-C), which may make the current classification of patients challenging.</p>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141996098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and external validation of a model to predict multidrug-resistant bacterial infections in patients with cirrhosis.","authors":"Sebastián Marciano, Salvatore Piano, Virendra Singh, Paolo Caraceni, Rakhi Maiwall, Carlo Alessandria, Javier Fernandez, Dong Joon Kim, Sung Eun Kim, Elza Soares, Mónica Marino, Julio Vorobioff, Manuela Merli, Laure Elkrief, Victor Vargas, Aleksander Krag, Shivaram Singh, Martín Elizondo, Maria M Anders, Melisa Dirchwolf, Manuel Mendizabal, Cosmas R A Lesmana, Claudio Toledo, Florence Wong, Francois Durand, Adrián Gadano, Diego H Giunta, Paolo Angeli","doi":"10.1111/liv.16063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.16063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the increasing rate of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO), selecting appropriate empiric antibiotics has become challenging. We aimed to develop and externally validate a model for predicting the risk of MDRO infections in patients with cirrhosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included patients with cirrhosis and bacterial infections from two prospective studies: a transcontinental study was used for model development and internal validation (n = 1302), and a study from Argentina and Uruguay was used for external validation (n = 472). All predictors were measured at the time of infection. Both culture-positive and culture-negative infections were included. The model was developed using logistic regression with backward stepwise predictor selection. We externally validated the optimism-adjusted model using calibration and discrimination statistics and evaluated its clinical utility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of MDRO infections was 19% and 22% in the development and external validation datasets, respectively. The model's predictors were sex, prior antibiotic use, type and site of infection, MELD-Na, use of vasopressors, acute-on-chronic liver failure, and interaction terms. Upon external validation, the calibration slope was 77 (95% CI .48-1.05), and the area under the ROC curve was .68 (95% CI .61-.73). The application of the model significantly changed the post-test probability of having an MDRO infection, identifying patients with nosocomial infection at very low risk (8%) and patients with community-acquired infections at significant risk (36%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This model achieved adequate performance and could be used to improve the selection of empiric antibiotics, aligning with other antibiotic stewardship program strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141988228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in herbal-induced liver injury identification and prevention.","authors":"Dina Halegoua-DeMarzio, Victor Navarro","doi":"10.1111/liv.16071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.16071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Herbal and dietary supplements (HDS) are being used worldwide at an increasing rate. Mirroring this trend, HDS-induced liver injury, also known as HDS-induced liver injury (HILI), has increased significantly over the past three decades in the Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network (DILIN), now accounting for 20% of cases of drug-induced liver injury (DILI). There are significant challenges in the identification and prevention of HILI due to varying presentations, ability to make clear diagnosis, identification of the responsible ingredient, lack of treatment, and lack of regulatory oversight of HDS products to confirm their ingredients and ensure safety. The major implicated agents include anabolic steroids, green tea extract, garcinia cambogia, kratom, ashwagandha, turmeric and multi-ingredient nutritional supplements. Fortunately, with the formation of major DILI consortiums across the world, the last decade has seen advances in the identification of at-risk genetic phenotypes, the use of chemical analysis on multi-ingredient nutritional supplements, and the publication of data/injury patterns of potentially risky HDS.</p>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141971418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High histamine levels are associated with acute-on-chronic liver failure and liver-related death in patients with advanced chronic liver disease.","authors":"Michael Schwarz, Benedikt Simbrunner, Mathias Jachs, Lukas Hartl, Lorenz Balcar, David J M Bauer, Georg Semmler, Benedikt S Hofer, Bernhard Scheiner, Matthias Pinter, Albert F Stättermayer, Michael Trauner, Thomas Reiberger, Mattias Mandorfer","doi":"10.1111/liv.16056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.16056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>The role of histamine in advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD) is poorly understood. We investigated plasma histamine levels across ACLD stages and their prognostic value.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included patients with evidence of ACLD, defined by portal hypertension (hepatic venous pressure gradient [HVPG] ≥6 mmHg) and/or a liver stiffness measurement by transient elastography ≥10 kPa, who underwent HVPG measurement between 2017 and 2020. Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) and/or liver-related death were defined as composite endpoint.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 251 patients, 82.5% had clinically significant portal hypertension (median HVPG: 17 mmHg [interquartile range (IQR) 12-21]) and 135 patients (53.8%) were decompensated at baseline. Median plasma histamine was 8.5 nmol/L (IQR: 6.4-11.5), 37.1% of patients showed elevated values (>9.9 nmol/L). Histamine levels did not differ significantly across Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) stages nor strata of model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) or HVPG. Histamine levels correlated with markers of circulatory dysfunction (i.e. sodium, renin and aldosterone). During a median follow-up of 29.2 months, 68 patients developed ACLF or liver-related death. In univariate as well as in multivariate analysis (adjusting for age, sex, HVPG as well as either MELD, clinical stage, and serum albumin or CTP and serum sodium), elevated histamine levels remained associated with the composite endpoint. CTP-based multivariate model adjusted sub-distribution hazard ratio (asHR): 1.010 (95% CI: 1.004-1.021), p < .001; MELD-based multivariate model asHR: 1.030 (95% CI: 1.017-1.040), p < .001.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High levels of histamine were linked to circulatory dysfunction in ACLD patients and independently associated with increased risks of ACLF or liver-related death. Further mechanistic studies on the link between histamine signalling and development of hyperdynamic circulation and ACLF are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141971419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to 'Interspecies transcriptomic comparison identifies a potential porto-sinusoidal vascular disorder rat model suitable for in vivo drug testing'.","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/liv.16068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.16068","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter regarding \"Liver injury in paraquat poisoning: A retrospective cohort study\".","authors":"Guo Tang, Tao Cheng, Hongguang Gao, Rong Yao","doi":"10.1111/liv.16066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.16066","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatic cell junctions: Pulling a double-duty.","authors":"Raf Van Campenhout, Mathieu Vinken","doi":"10.1111/liv.16045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.16045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cell junctions, including anchoring, occluding and communicating junctions, play an indispensable role in the structural and functional organization of multicellular tissues, including in liver. Specifically, hepatic cell junctions mediate intercellular adhesion and communication between liver cells. The establishment of the hepatic cell junction network is a prerequisite for normal liver functioning. Hepatic cell junctions indeed support liver-specific features and control essential aspects of the hepatic life cycle. This review paper summarizes the role of cell junctions and their components in relation to liver physiology, thereby also discussing their involvement in hepatic dysfunctionality, including liver disease and toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141902134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome prediction in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease using stain-free digital pathological assessment","authors":"Timothy J. Kendall,&nbsp;Elaine Chng,&nbsp;Yayun Ren,&nbsp;Dean Tai,&nbsp;Gideon Ho,&nbsp;Jonathan A. Fallowfield","doi":"10.1111/liv.16062","DOIUrl":"10.1111/liv.16062","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Computational quantification reduces observer-related variability in histological assessment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). We undertook stain-free imaging using the SteatoSITE resource to generate tools directly predictive of clinical outcomes. Unstained liver biopsy sections (<i>n</i> = 452) were imaged using second-harmonic generation/two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF) microscopy, and all-cause mortality and hepatic decompensation indices constructed. The mortality index had greater predictive power for all-cause mortality (index &gt;.14 vs. &lt;/=.14, HR 4.49, <i>p</i> = .003) than the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-Clinical Research Network (NASH-CRN) (hazard ratio (HR) 3.41, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.43–8.15, <i>p</i> = .003) and qFibrosis stage (HR 3.07, 95% CI 1.30–7.26, <i>p</i> = .007). The decompensation index had greater predictive power for decompensation events (index &gt;.31 vs. &lt;/=.31, HR 5.96, <i>p</i> &lt; .001) than the NASH-CRN (HR 3.65, 95% CI 1.81–7.35, <i>p</i> &lt; .001) or qFibrosis stage (HR 3.59, 95% CI 1.79–7.20, <i>p</i> &lt; .001). These tools directly predict hard endpoints in MASLD, without relying on ordinal fibrosis scores as a surrogate, and demonstrate predictive value at least equivalent to traditional or computational ordinal fibrosis scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/liv.16062","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraindividual comparison of prognostic imaging features of HCCs between MRIs with extracellular and hepatobiliary contrast agents","authors":"Ja Kyung Yoon,&nbsp;Dai Hoon Han,&nbsp;Sunyoung Lee,&nbsp;Jin-Young Choi,&nbsp;Gi Hong Choi,&nbsp;Do Young Kim,&nbsp;Myeong-Jin Kim","doi":"10.1111/liv.16059","DOIUrl":"10.1111/liv.16059","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background &amp; Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Accumulating evidence suggests that certain imaging features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may have prognostic implications. This study aimed to intraindividually compare MRIs with extracellular contrast agent (ECA-MRI) and hepatobiliary agent (HBA-MRI) for prognostic imaging features of HCC and to compare the prediction of microvascular invasion (MVI) and early recurrence between the two MRIs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study included 102 prospectively enrolled at-risk patients (median age, 61.0 years; 83 men) with surgically resected single HCC with both preoperative ECA-MRI and HBA-MRI between July 2019 and June 2023. The McNemar test was used to compare each prognostic imaging feature between the two MRIs. Significant imaging features associated with MVI were identified by multivariable logistic regression analysis, and early recurrence rates (&lt;2 years) were compared between the two MRIs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The frequencies of prognostic imaging features were not significantly different between the two MRIs (<i>p</i> = .07 to &gt;.99). Non-smooth tumour margin (ECA-MRI, odds ratio [OR] = 5.30; HBA-MRI, OR = 7.07) and peritumoral arterial phase hyperenhancement (ECA-MRI, OR = 4.26; HBA-MRI, OR = 4.43) were independent factors significantly associated with MVI on both MRIs. Two-trait predictor of venous invasion (presence of internal arteries and absence of hypoattenuating halo) on ECA-MRI (OR = 11.24) and peritumoral HBP hypointensity on HBA-MRI (OR = 20.42) were other predictors of MVI. Early recurrence rates of any two or more significant imaging features (49.8% on ECA-MRI vs 51.3% on HBA-MRI, <i>p</i> = .75) were not significantly different between the two MRIs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prognostic imaging features of HCC may be comparable between ECA-MRI and HBA-MRI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/liv.16059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141893776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}