Liver International最新文献

{"title":"Comment on, 'Optimizing large language models in digestive disease: Strategies and challenges to improve clinical outcomes'.","authors":"Kenan Li, Haihua Wang, Ji Lan","doi":"10.1111/liv.16039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.16039","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142108927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse pregnancy outcomes and effect of treatment in Wilson disease during pregnancy: Systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Ashley N Brown, M Marcia Lange, Lital Aliasi-Sinai, Xiaotao Zhang, Sasha Kogan, Lily Martin, Tatyana Kushner","doi":"10.1111/liv.16072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.16072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Wilson disease (WD) is a rare disorder of copper metabolism, leading to liver and neurological disease. Existing literature on WD in pregnancy is scarce, limiting preconception and obstetrical counselling. In this systematic review with meta-analysis, we determine the prevalence of various adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in WD, as well as evaluate the impact of WD treatment on these outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Scopus, MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched until 12 May 2023, for studies of pregnant individuals with WD and at least one pregnancy or neonatal outcome of interest. Meta-analysis of single proportions was conducted to pool prevalence data for each outcome. Outcome rates were compared between treated and untreated groups in a meta-analysis of dichotomous events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen studies, published from 1975 to 2022, were included in the systematic review. Thirty-seven percent of pregnancies reported at least one adverse pregnancy outcome. Spontaneous abortions (20%), liver diseases of pregnancy (4.5%) and preterm births (2%) were the most frequent adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with WD. The prevalence of spontaneous abortions was significantly lower in pregnant individuals with WD who received treatment during pregnancy (OR: .47, 95% CI: 35%-63%). The prevalence of any adverse pregnancy outcome was also significantly lower with treatment (OR: .53, 95% CI: .37-.76), which appears to be mostly driven by the reduction of spontaneous abortions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is low to moderate quality evidence to suggest that preconception and obstetrical counselling for patients with WD should include a discussion on the potentially high frequency of adverse pregnancy outcomes in this population, as well as the importance of continuing WD treatment during pregnancy to ensure satisfactory pregnancy course and potentially minimize the risk of spontaneous abortions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142108926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"We must address the MASLD awareness gap, improve educational quality and prepare for the digitally quantified self","authors":"Christopher J. Kopka,&nbsp;Nicola Pugliese,&nbsp;Paul N. Brennan,&nbsp;Jeffrey V. Lazarus","doi":"10.1111/liv.15951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.15951","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Ding et al. report on the potential risks associated with video content on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) from medical professionals and non-medical individuals. The authors highlight the rapid proliferation of internet-based health information, which is often a primary information source for many patients.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;\u0000 &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;‘Internet-informed patients’ are commonly described in other clinical settings, including primary care. Ding et al. highlight the often inadequate quality and reliability of internet-based health videos, whether developed by medical professionals or general users, and cautions against their use by patients living with MASLD.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Though dis-, mis- and mal-information are often discussed in the context of infectious diseases,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; health systems must also address infodemic-like threats related to non-communicable disease (NCD) health risks, including MASLD. Artificial intelligence (AI) generated MASLD videos and other content, for example, which can be rapidly generated, must be carefully reviewed in order not to exacerbate information risks.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In accordance with global action priorities for steatotic liver disease (SLD) published in 2023,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; we amplify one of Ding et al.'s key conclusions: health professionals, together with platforms, should generate and disseminate reliable information.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; This includes not only the MASLD awareness videos reviewed in the study, but also more formal educational material and, crucially, skills-oriented training for patients and health workers. Hepatologists should be aware that the rise of digital information, the internet of things and internet-informed patients have led to a new type of patient: the digitally ‘quantified self’. As mentioned, this shift has already been observed in primary care and in metabolic medicine-focused and mental health settings by physicians and allied health professionals.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;\u0000 &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the near term, particularly considering the recent United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) approval&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; of resmetirom to treat metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and the promising MASH-related outcomes from drug treatments for other NCDs,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; health systems should increase MASLD/MASH-related awareness among those at-risk for and living with the conditions through accurate, evidence-based and tailored communications, and provide health education and skills-training for those requiring MASH pharmacotherapy. Health systems should prioritise awareness raising and system integration for MASLD/MASH testing and diagnostics among settings beyond those specialising on the liver, as these places are where most people with liver disease are seen. Longer term, as other practices are already adapting to digital quantification and diagnostic","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/liv.15951","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142100074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An ultrasound multiparametric method to quantify liver fat using magnetic resonance as standard reference.","authors":"Laura De Rosa, Antonio Salvati, Nicola Martini, Dante Chiappino, Simone Cappelli, Marcello Mancini, Libertario Demi, Lorenzo Ghiadoni, Ferruccio Bonino, Maurizia R Brunetto, Francesco Faita","doi":"10.1111/liv.16078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.16078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background & aims: </strong>There is an unmet need for a reliable and reproducible non-invasive measure of fatty liver content (FLC) for monitoring steatotic liver disease in clinical practice. Sonographic FLC assessment is qualitative and operator-dependent, and the dynamic quantification range of algorithms based on a single ultrasound (US) parameter is unsatisfactory. This study aims to develop and validate a new multiparametric algorithm based on B-mode images to quantify FLC using Magnetic Resonance (MR) values as standard reference.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with elevated liver enzymes and/or bright liver at US (N = 195) underwent FLC evaluation by MR and by US. Five US-derived quantitative features [attenuation rate(AR), hepatic renal-ratio(HR), diaphragm visualization(DV), hepatic-portal-vein-ratio(HPV), portal-vein-wall(PVW)] were combined by mixed linear/exponential regression in a multiparametric model (Steatoscore2.0). One hundred and thirty-four subjects were used for training and 61 for independent validations; score-computation underwent an inter-operator reproducibility analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The model is based on a mixed linear/exponential combination of 3 US parameters (AR, HR, DV), modelled by 2 equations according to AR values. The computation of FLC by Steatoscore2.0 (mean ± std, 7.91% ± 8.69) and MR (mean ± std, 8.10% ± 10.31) is highly correlated with a low root mean square error in both training/validation cohorts, respectively (R = 0.92/0.86 and RMSE = 5.15/4.62, p < .001). Steatoscore2.0 identified patients with MR-FLC≥5%/≥10% with sensitivity = 93.2%/89.4%, specificity = 86.1%/95.8%, AUROC = 0.958/0.975, respectively and correlated with MR (R = 0.92) significantly (p < .001) better than CAP (R = 0.73).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Multiparametric Steatoscore2.0 measures FLC providing values highly comparable with MR. It is reliable, inexpensive, easy to use with any US equipment and qualifies to be tested in larger, prospective studies as new tool for the non-invasive screening and monitoring of FLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142073218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the MetALD terminology on the prevalence of alcohol-related fatty liver disease in US adults (2017-2020).","authors":"Yasser Fouad, Takumi Kawaguchi, Yusuf Yilmaz","doi":"10.1111/liv.16089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.16089","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142073220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis C treatment outcome among people in prison: The SToP-C study.","authors":"Hannah Ryan, Gregory J Dore, Jason Grebely, Marianne Byrne, Evan B Cunningham, Marianne Martinello, Andrew R Lloyd, Behzad Hajarizadeh","doi":"10.1111/liv.16074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.16074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Hepatitis C virus (HCV) burden is higher among people in prison given high prevalence of injecting drug use. This study evaluated direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment outcome in prisons.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Surveillance and Treatment of Prisoners with hepatitis C (SToP-C) study enrolled individuals incarcerated in four Australian prisons (2017-2019). Participants with detectable HCV RNA were offered sofosbuvir-velpatasvir for 12 weeks. Sustained virological response (SVR) was assessed in intention-to-treat (ITT; participants commencing treatment and due for SVR assessment before study close) and per-protocol (PP; participants with documented treatment completion and SVR assessment) populations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 799 participants with HCV, 324 (41%) commenced treatment (94% male; median age, 32 years; median duration of incarceration, 9 months). In ITT population (n = 310), 201 had documented treatment completion (65% [95% CI: 59-70]), and 137 achieved SVR (ITT-SVR: 44% [95% CI: 39-50]). In PP population (n = 143), 137 achieved SVR (PP-SVR: 96% [95% CI: 91-98]). Six participants had quantifiable HCV RNA at SVR assessment from treatment failure (n = 2) or reinfection (n = 4). Release or inter-prison transfer was common reasons for no documented treatment completion (n = 106/109 [97%]) and no SVR assessment (n = 57/58 [98%]). In ITT analysis, longer incarceration was associated with increased SVR (adjusted OR per month 1.03 [95% CI: 1.01-1.04]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among participants who completed DAA treatment and were assessed for SVR, treatment outcome was consistent with non-prison clinical studies. However, most individuals did not complete treatment or lacked study-documented treatment outcome due to release or transfer. Strategies to accommodate dynamic prisoner populations are required to ensure continuity of HCV care, including treatment completion and post-treatment care.</p>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of Concern: The effects of DASH diet on weight loss and metabolic status in adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized clinical trial.","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/liv.16084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.16084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Expression of Concern: M. R. Zade, M. H. Telkabadi, F. Bahmani, B. Salehi, S. Farshbaf, and Z. Asemi, 'The effects of DASH diet on weight loss and metabolic status in adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized clinical trial', Liver International 36, no. 4 (2016): 563-571. https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.12990. This Expression of Concern is for the above article, published online on 26 October 2015 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), and has been published by agreement between the journal Editor-in-Chief, Luca Valenti, and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. The Expression of Concern has been agreed due to concerns raised regarding the integrity of the research and discrepancies in reporting. An investigation has been conducted by the National Committee for Ethics in Biomedical Research Iran, in coordination with Kashan University of Medical Sciences (KAUMS). However, without the verification of clinical records, there remains sufficient doubts about the feasibility and integrity of the research undertaken. As a result, the journal has decided to issue an Expression of Concern to alert readers.</p>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142073219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNAs modulate SARS-CoV-2 infection of primary human hepatocytes by regulating the entry factors ACE2 and TMPRSS2.","authors":"Rajendra Khanal, Natalie Heinen, Alexandra Bogomolova, Toni L Meister, Simon T Herrmann, Saskia Westhoven, Maximilian K Nocke, Daniel Todt, Freya Jockenhövel, Isabel M Klein, Laura Hartmann, Florian W R Vondran, Eike Steinmann, Gert Zimmer, Michael Ott, Richard J P Brown, Amar Deep Sharma, Stephanie Pfaender","doi":"10.1111/liv.16079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.16079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) preferentially infects the respiratory tract; however, several studies have implicated a multi-organ involvement. Hepatic dysfunctions caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection have been increasingly recognized and described to correlate with disease severity. To elucidate molecular factors that could contribute towards hepatic infection, we concentrated on microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs that modulate various cellular processes and which are reported to be differentially regulated during liver injury. We aimed to study the infection of primary human hepatocytes (PHH) with SARS-CoV-2 and to evaluate the potential of miRNAs for modulating viral infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed liver autopsies from a coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19)-positive cohort for the presence of viral RNA using Nanopore sequencing. PHH were used for the infection with SARS-CoV-2. The candidate miRNAs targeting angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) were identified using in silico approaches. To discover the potential regulatory mechanism, transfection experiments, qRT-PCRs, western blots and luciferase reporter assays were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We could detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA in COVID-19-positive liver autopsies. We show that PHH express ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and can be readily infected with SARS-CoV-2, resulting in robust replication. Transfection of selected miRNA mimics reduced SARS-CoV-2 receptor expression and SARS-CoV-2 burden in PHH. In silico and biochemical analyses supported a potential direct binding of miR-141-3p to the SARS-CoV-2 genome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We confirm that PHH are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and demonstrate selected miRNAs targeting SARS-CoV-2 entry factors and/or the viral genome reduce viral loads. These data provide novel insights into hepatic susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 and associated dysfunctions in COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142036255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methods for causality assessment of idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury.","authors":"Miren García-Cortés, Gonzalo Matilla-Cabello, M Isabel Lucena","doi":"10.1111/liv.16083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.16083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The diagnosis of idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a challenging task due to the lack of specific features or definitive diagnostic tools. A minimum of clinical and pharmacological information is required, together with laboratory and imaging tests to exclude other causes of liver injury. Several standardized methods have been developed to support clinical judgement and establish causality assessment, the most widely used being the Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method-RUCAM-and structured Expert Opinion. More recently, an evidence-based, revised RUCAM, Electronic Causality Assessment Method-RECAM-has been developed and, although still a work in progress, may replace RUCAM scoring in the future. International collaborative networks and ongoing research efforts are key to advancing biomarker qualification and validation and developing new in vitro patient-based methods that will help improve DILI diagnosis and move towards a personalized medicine approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk: Dual aetiology or metabolic dysfunction?","authors":"Tianyi Ma, Huawei Yuan, Zhanfang Guo","doi":"10.1111/liv.16082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.16082","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18101,"journal":{"name":"Liver International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}