Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine最新文献

{"title":"Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Centeurea damascena Methanolic Extract","authors":"M. Jaafreh, K. Khleifat, H. Qaralleh, M. Al-limoun","doi":"10.51152/jbarbiomed.v5i1.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51152/jbarbiomed.v5i1.29","url":null,"abstract":"The family Asteraceae include large number of Centaurea species which have been applied in folk medicine. One of the family Asteraceae members is the Centaurea damascena which authentically been tested for its antibacterial and antioxidant activity as well as its toxicity. The aims of the study were to determine the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and toxicity of methanolic plant extracts of Centaurea damascene. The methanolic extracts were screened for their antibacterial activity against nine bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Micrococcus luteus ATCC 10240, and Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, Escherichia coli ATCC 11293, Pseudomonas aerugino and Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048 and Salmonella typhi ATCC19430). The antibacterial activity was assessed by using the disc diffusion methods and the minimum inhibition concentrations (MIC) using microdilution method. The extracts from Centaurea damascene possessed antibacterial activity against several of the tested microorganisms. The MIC of methanol extract of C. damascene ranged from 60–1100 µg/mL. Free radical scavenging capacity of the C. damascena methanol extract was calculated by DPPH and FRAP test. DPPH radicals were scavenged with an IC50 value of 17.08 µg /ml. Antioxidant capacities obtained by the  FRAP was 51.9 and expressed in mg Trolox g-1 dry weight. The total phenolic compounds of the methanol extracts of aerial parts, as estimated by Folin–Ciocalteu reagent method, was about 460 mg GAE/ g. The phenolic contents in the extracts highly correlate with their antioxidant activity, (R2 = 0.976) confirming that the antioxidant activity of this plant extracts is considerably phenolic contents-dependent","PeriodicalId":179698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129364669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological Value of Centaurea damascena: Minireview","authors":"M. Jaafreh, H. Qaralleh, M. Al-limoun","doi":"10.51152/jbarbiomed.v5i2.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51152/jbarbiomed.v5i2.41","url":null,"abstract":"The family Asteraceae include large number of Centaurea species which have been applied in folk  medicine. One of the family Asteraceae members is the Centaurea damascena which authentically been tested for its antibacterial activity. The aim of the study was to discuss antibacterial activities of essential oil composition and methanolic extract of the same plant aerial part leaves.  Thirty-seven components were characterized with 86% of oxygenated terpenes. The composition was dominated by 11.45% Fokienol, 8.8% thymol, 8.21% Alpha Terpineol, 7.24% Chrysanthemumic acid, 7.13% Terpinen-4-ol and 6.59% Borneol with a high degree of polymorphism in the occurrence of these compounds as compared with the different species of centaurea.. Free radical scavenging capacity of the C. damascna methanol extract was calculated by DPPH and FRAP test. DPPH radicals were scavenged with an IC50 value of 17.08 µg /ml. Antioxidant capacities obtained by the FRAP was 51.9 and expressed in mg Trolox g-1 dry weight. The total phenolic compounds of the methanol extracts of aerial parts, as estimated by Folin–Ciocalteu reagent method, was about 460 mg GAE/ g. The phenolic contents in the extracts highly correlate with their antioxidant activity, (R2 = 0.976) confirming that the antioxidant activity of this plant extracts is considerably phenolic contents-dependent. ","PeriodicalId":179698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132230403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibactrial Activity of Asteriscus graveolens Methanolic Extract: Synergistic Effect with Fungal Mediated Nanoparticles against Some Enteric Bacterial Human Pathogens","authors":"Ibtihal Nayel ALrawashdeh, H. Qaralleh, M. Al-limoun, K. Khleifat","doi":"10.51152/jbarbiomed.v5i2.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51152/jbarbiomed.v5i2.40","url":null,"abstract":"Antibactrial activity of Asteriscus graveolens methanolic extract and its synergy effect with fungal mediated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against some enteric bacterial human pathogen was conducted. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by the fungal strain namely Tritirachium oryzae W5H as reported early. In this study, MICs of AgNPs against E. aerogenes, Salmonella sp., E. coli and C. albicans in order were 2.13, 19.15, 0.08 and 6.38 µg/mL, respectively, while the MICs of A. graveolens ethanolic extract against the same bacteria were 4, 366, <3300 and 40 µg/mL, respectively. The MIC values at concentration less than 19.15 and 40 µg/ml indicating the potent bacteriostatic effect of AgNPs and A. graveolens ethanolic extract. Increasing in IFA was reported when Nitrofurantion and Trimethoprim were combined with Etoh extract with maximum increase in IFA by 6 and 12 folds for, respectively. Also, 10 folds increasing in IFA was reported when trimethoprim was combined with AgNPs: Etoh extract. But, there were no synergistic effect between the antifungal agents (Caspofungin and Micafungin) combined with AgNPs and or A. graveolens ethanolic extract against C. albicans. The potent synergistic effect of A. graveolens ethanolic extract and/or NPs with the conventional antibiotics is novel in inhibiting antibiotics resistant bacteria. In this study, remarkable increasing in the antibacterial activity, when the most resistant antibiotics combined with A. graveolens ethanolic extract and/or NPs was reported.","PeriodicalId":179698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129155173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitreoscilla sp. hemoglobin (VHb) Expression in Heterologous Hosts: Some Aspects of Their Biotechnological Application","authors":"H. Qaralleh, M. Al-limoun, K. Khleifat, Khaled Y Alsharafa, Amjad A. Al Tarawnehc","doi":"10.51152/jbarbiomed.v5i2.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51152/jbarbiomed.v5i2.39","url":null,"abstract":"It is worth mentioning that the high output of different physiological responses under the expression of vgb, may have a considerable effect on the enzyme productivity, dairy industry, heavy metal uptake, biodegradation of different organic pollutants and other applications. The expression of bacterial haemoglobin is useful in lessening the load of perceived toxic conditions such as high oxygen levels. This in turn probably has the same impact on some peripheral toxic materials. This, hemoglobin biotechnology can be extended to enhance production of pollutants degrading enzymes or production of some valuable manufacturing materials on the case-by-case bases. It is likely that the mechanism of bacterial hemoglobin (VHb) effects is intermediated via an oxygen trapping action. This may drive the enrichment of ATP production, which is mostly required for higher productivity of needed substances for that activity.","PeriodicalId":179698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123429300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Level of Depression and Suicidal Ideation among BSN Students","authors":"E. Balay-Odao, Ivy May Marbella, Juana Balisong","doi":"10.51152/jbarbiomed.v5i2.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51152/jbarbiomed.v5i2.38","url":null,"abstract":"Undergraduate college students have been identified as at-risk population for development of suicidal ideation and depression.  Student nurses are among those who experience depression and anxiety due to stressful life events.  The stressful situations encountered by student nurses are multifaceted.  Thus, this study explored the level of depression and suicidal ideation of BSN students and the effect of gender and year level.  The need to explore these two salient factors was prompted by the need to promote and to improve school of nursing services, student safety, and decrease cases of depression and suicidal ideation among students.  The study utilized a descriptive design.  There were 326 student nurses who participated in the study.  The questionnaire which was used for this study was based on 2 standardized self – report questionnaire.  The findings showed that most of the students experienced mild to severe depression. Most of the students however, do not have suicidal ideation behavior, but almost one third of the students have a high risk for suicidal ideation behavior. Furthermore, the findings showed that gender and year level have no significant effect on the level of depression among BSN Students. Gender and year level have no significant effects in the level of suicidal ideation among student nurses.  These findings can help guide the development of a school-based, prevention and promotion mental health program.","PeriodicalId":179698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116534812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience of Antibiotic Use and Resistance Among Pharmacy Students in the University of Kerbala","authors":"A. Sahib, Saif S. Abbas, Karar Hasson, Mohammed Mahmoud","doi":"10.51152/jbarbiomed.v5i1.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51152/jbarbiomed.v5i1.24","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria develop the ability to defeat the drugs designed to kill them. Antibiotics dispensing without prescription, misuse of antibiotics are considered as a major cause of antibiotic resistance. Antimicrobial resistance causes extra health care cost and leads to loss of productivity; also patients with resistant infections are more expensive and difficult to treat. Many strategies and steps can be taken at all levels of society to reduce the impact and limit the spread of resistance. The pharmacist has effective role in averting antibiotic resistance. Methodology: A questioner form was designed to assess student’s knowledge, attitude and perception about antibiotic use and resistance, 146 pharmacy students from the fourth stage and fifth stage in the University of Kerbala, were selected randomly. Result: A total number of 146 students, (70 from the fourth stage and 76 from the fifth stage) were participated in this study of both sexes (30 male: 116 female). About 82% of students understand what the antibiotic resistance term mean. 87% of students knew that antibiotics shouldn’t be used for common cold. 84% of students did not stop taking antibiotics until taken all of the antibiotics as directed. 34% of students usually consult a doctor before starting an antibiotic. Less than 23% of students did not stop taking antibiotic when any side effect appears. Conclusion: Based on results obtained in this study that done in Kerbala University / College of Pharmacy it has been concluded that students were of high level in knowledge and perception about antibiotics use and resistance, but the students were of lower level in attitudes, lower percent of student have good attitude toward antibiotics use.","PeriodicalId":179698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130097458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Human Breast Milk Based on Infant’s Gender","authors":"Moudah Alhindi, Hadohum M. Musallam, E. Elhefian","doi":"10.51152/jbarbiomed.v5i1.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51152/jbarbiomed.v5i1.21","url":null,"abstract":"Human milk is a complex fluid, which contains a number of constituents such as fats, proteins and vitamins, in addition to other compounds. These nutrients are needed for infant protection against infections and diseases. This study was undertaken to evaluate some physicochemical properties and biochemical constituents content of human milk samples (based on the gender of the breast feeding infant). This includes acidity, density and viscosity, as well as lactose, protein, calcium and magnesium contents. Results showed that the highest value of viscosity as well as the highest percentages of protein and acidity were recorded for human breast milk for a boy (2.212 cP, 1.237% and 0.02% respectively) while close values for density and other biochemical contents were recorded for both types of samples. However, only the change in viscosity was found to be significant (p?0.05). Variations in some properties of human milk depending on the infant' sex could be of benefit for developing infant formula taking infant’s gender into consideration.","PeriodicalId":179698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134338827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Feeding Intensity on Metabolic Maintenance, Reproduction and Welfare in Blue Fox (Vulpes lagopus)","authors":"H. Korhonen, J. Sepponen, H. Lindeberg, N. Koskinen","doi":"10.51152/jbarbiomed.v5i1.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51152/jbarbiomed.v5i1.23","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose was to evaluate effects of feeding intensity on metabolic maintenance, reproduction and welfare in blue fox vixens. Study groups were: Group 1: heavy slimming. Ad libitum feeding during September-November, aimed to produce extremely fat animals. Heavy slimming before breeding season, aim to have animals with normal breeding body condition. Group 2: maintenance of condition. Restricted feeding 35-45% from the level of Group 1 during September-November. Natural slimming to normal breeding condition. Group 3: Rising condition. Restricted feeding 50-60% from the level of Group 1 during September-November. Aim was to produce lean animals. Rising body condition was before breeding season, aimed to have animals with normal breeding body condition. Blood samples were taken regularly throughout the study. Results showed that urea concentration varied seasonally (P<0.001). Concentrations were lowest during winter period. In Group 1, heavy slimming before mating season lowered urea concentration significantly (P<0.001). During autumn period, concentration was lowest in Group 3 because of pronounced feeding restriction. Creatinine levels were highest during summer period in all groups. Glucose concentration varied seasonally in all groups (P<0.001). Intensive feeding clearly affected on triglycerides, glucose and insulin levels (P<0.01). Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) levels were highest during autumn period. Leptin concentration was highest in December in all groups. Thereafter, it clearly declined towards summer (P<0.001). Concentration of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) was highest in Group 1. Prolactin levels were same in all groups until insemination. During pregnancy, levels increased similarly in groups. After whelping, prolactin levels were low (P<0.05) in Group 1 compared to other groups. Whelping result in Group 1was very low (P<0.001) compared to Groups 2 and 3. It can be concluded that feeding intensity essentially influences on hormonal levels and reproduction in blue fox vixens.","PeriodicalId":179698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127949032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vivo Effects of Black and Green Tea on Serum Lipid Profile and Cardiac Function in Hyperlipidemic Rats","authors":"O. Oyewole, O. Adewale, J. B. Adetunji","doi":"10.51152/jbarbiomed.v5i1.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51152/jbarbiomed.v5i1.26","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The study was designed to investigate the in vivo effects of black and green tea consumption on serum lipid profile and cardiac function in hyperlipidemic rats. Methods: 24 male Wistar rats, average weight 125 g were sorted into four groups: A, B, C and D. Normal control group (A) were fed standard rat chow; the remaining three groups (B, C and D) received rat chow supplemented with 2% (w/w) cholesterol to induce hypercholesterolemia. Group C and D were administered 40 mg/ml of black and green tea respectively while group B (hyperlipidemic control) were not treated. The feeding and tea administration lasted 6 weeks. Results: Significant reduction in body weight and heart weight index was recorded in rats administered black and green tea compared with the untreated group. Black and green tea consumption also caused significant decrease in total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk ratio accompanied with elevated HDL-cholesterol compared to untreated group. Significant alterations in cardiac marker enzymes: creatine kinase (CK), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were also observed in serum and heart homogenates of untreated hyperlipidemic rats which were normalized in rats administered the teas. These results are synonymous with decreased risk of atherosclerosis and protective potential on cardiac function by green and black tea. Conclusion: We conclude in this study that regular intake of black and green tea might be useful in treatment of obesity and prevention of cardiovascular complications arising from hyperlipidemia.","PeriodicalId":179698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122534843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ameliorative effect of fermented Pentaclethra macrophylla (African oil bean seed) on high fat diet and sucrose drink induced metabolic syndrome in male New Zealand rabbits.","authors":"Nwozo Sarah Onyenibe, Daramola Oluwatoyin Victoria, Nwawuba Stanley Udogadi","doi":"10.51152/jbarbiomed.v5i1.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51152/jbarbiomed.v5i1.27","url":null,"abstract":"The consumption of nutraceuticals has become progressively popular in improving health, as well as disease treatment and prevention. The aim of this study is to evaluate the ameliorative effect of fermented Pentaclethra macrophylla (African oil bean) seed on high fat diet and sucrose drink induced metabolic syndrome in male New Zealand rabbits. All experimental procedures were carried using standard methods. A total of twenty (20) rabbits were used for this study, the animals were randomly grouped into five (5) groups with four (4) animals each. Metabolic syndrome risk factors obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia were determined. HFD+30%SUC had over 1500g body weight (bwt) and fasting blood sugar (FBS) 239.50±5.74 mg/dl  relative to the normal control with 1000±6.73g and 77.00±5.94 respectively whereas ND+30%SUC had lower FBS (l172.50±2.52) compared to HFD+30%SUC. There was a significant p<0.05 increase in body weights in treated groups with 1274±11.19g, 1282.75±4.99g, 1285±4.76g and FBS levels in mg/dL198.25±4.79, 198.75±8.06, 200±3.74 in rabbits  compared to untreated HFD+30%SUC. Glycated hemoglobin, and ?-Amylase were significantly p<0.05 elevated, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels were significantly p<0.05 reduced, lipid profile markers (HDL, TRIG & CHOL), electrolytes (sodium, potassium, calcium), urea and creatinine levels were significantly p<0.05 altered in HFD+30%SUC exposed group relative to the normal control and ND+30%SUC. However, dietary supplementation with fermented Pentaclethra macrophylla seeds caused weight, FBS, serum lipid reduction and potentiated electrolyte, urea and creatinine levels. Therefore, according to our results, fermented Pentaclethra macrophylla seed is an excellent nutraceutical and its consumption should be encouraged in modifying high fat and elevated intake of sucrose in rabbit","PeriodicalId":179698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115877236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}