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The Oxford Handbook of Morphological Theory最新文献

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Optimality Theory and Prosodic Morphology 最优理论与韵律形态学
The Oxford Handbook of Morphological Theory Pub Date : 2018-12-13 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199668984.013.14
L. Downing
{"title":"Optimality Theory and Prosodic Morphology","authors":"L. Downing","doi":"10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199668984.013.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199668984.013.14","url":null,"abstract":"A central concern of Optimality Theory (OT) from its beginnings (McCarthy & Prince 1993a, Prince & Smolensky 1993/2004) has been to provide a coherent framework for formalizing solutions to the traditional problems posed by prosodic morphological constructions for the concatenative principles assumed by most morphological theories. This chapter surveys analyses of constructions such as reduplication, root-and-pattern morphology, truncation, and infixation in both ‘classic’ OT and alternative OT approaches. The aim of the chapter is to show how OT has brought a fresh perspective to the analysis of prosodic morphology constructions by providing a formalism that allows prosodic constraints to interact with morphological concatenative principles in a well-defined way. The chapter concludes with discussion of open issues in the OT approach to prosodic morphology.","PeriodicalId":179381,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Morphological Theory","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124490232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Later Generative Grammar and Beyond: Lexicalism 后生成语法及以后:词汇主义
The Oxford Handbook of Morphological Theory Pub Date : 2018-12-13 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199668984.013.13
Fabio Montermini
{"title":"Later Generative Grammar and Beyond: Lexicalism","authors":"Fabio Montermini","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199668984.013.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199668984.013.13","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter traces the history and development of morphological research from Chomsky’s Remarks on nominalization (1970) onwards. It presents the first works that attempted to define and structure morphology as an autonomous field with its own units and principles, as well as its subsequent evolutions up to the present day. It discusses some of the main distinctions that appeared in the field (derivation vs. inflection, word- vs. morpheme-based morphology), its basic concepts and theoretical tools. Finally, an assessment is proposed of the different theoretical options, and of their importance and impact on subsequent research.","PeriodicalId":179381,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Morphological Theory","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116977089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Morphological Theory and Diachronic Change 形态理论与历时变化
The Oxford Handbook of Morphological Theory Pub Date : 2018-12-13 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199668984.013.28
M. Hüning
{"title":"Morphological Theory and Diachronic Change","authors":"M. Hüning","doi":"10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199668984.013.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199668984.013.28","url":null,"abstract":"Variation and change are essential for any human language, but at the same time they form a challenge for theoretical models of grammar. This chapter discusses some notions and phenomena encountered in word-formation change that should be relevant to any morphological theory. It focuses on the notion of reanalysis and on phenomena related to this notion. In its second half, the chapter focuses on the notion of productivity and on the view that every change in word-formation has to be seen as a change in productivity. It is claimed that theoretical models will need to become more attentive to usage-based perspectives in order to integrate the dynamics of language and language change. The examples used for illustration purposes in this chapter are taken from Dutch, German, and English.","PeriodicalId":179381,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Morphological Theory","volume":"30 1-2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127053136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Canonical Typology 规范的类型学
The Oxford Handbook of Morphological Theory Pub Date : 2018-12-13 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199668984.013.26
Oliver Bond
{"title":"Canonical Typology","authors":"Oliver Bond","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199668984.013.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199668984.013.26","url":null,"abstract":"Canonical Typology is a methodological framework for conducting typological research in which descriptive categories and theoretical concepts are deconstructed into fine-grained parameters of typological variation. The method is distinguished from other contemporary approaches to typology by its appeal to the notion of the canon, a logically motivated archetype from which attested and unattested patterns are calibrated. This chapter deconstructs the framework by providing a stepwise introduction to the principles that can be used to identify canonical (and non-canonical) morphology, drawing specific attention to the insights the method has already provided for inflectional and derivational morphology. Having looked at how Canonical Typology has been employed to analyse what it means to be a ‘possible word’, the chapter turns to where it might be headed, and how it might develop as more morphological phenomena are investigated using the framework.","PeriodicalId":179381,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Morphological Theory","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126396691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Relational Morphology in the Parallel Architecture 并行体系结构中的关系形态学
The Oxford Handbook of Morphological Theory Pub Date : 2018-12-13 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199668984.013.33
R. Jackendoff, J. Audring
{"title":"Relational Morphology in the Parallel Architecture","authors":"R. Jackendoff, J. Audring","doi":"10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199668984.013.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199668984.013.33","url":null,"abstract":"Relational Morphology is based in the mentalistic perspective of the Parallel Architecture (Jackendoff 2002). Morphology is the grammar of word-sized pieces of structure, comprising morphosyntax and its interfaces to phonology, semantics, and phrasal syntax. Many morphological patterns are nonproductive; their instances must be listed in the lexicon. They therefore resist formulation in terms of traditional procedural rules; declarative schemas prove more adequate. Productive schemas can build novel forms; nonproductive schemas cannot. Instead, they motivate relations among lexical items. Lexical relations are often described in terms of inheritance; this chapter proposes enrichments that render inheritance more adequate for morphology. Productive schemas too can motivate lexical relations. Hence they are just like nonproductive schemas except that they have ‘gone viral’. The authors conclude that the focus on productive patterns has deflected attention from a more basic issue: the architecture of the lexicon, the structure of lexical items, and the relationships among them.","PeriodicalId":179381,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Morphological Theory","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121946931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Morphological Theory and Typology 形态理论与类型学
The Oxford Handbook of Morphological Theory Pub Date : 2018-12-13 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199668984.013.34
P. Arkadiev, M. Klamer
{"title":"Morphological Theory and Typology","authors":"P. Arkadiev, M. Klamer","doi":"10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199668984.013.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199668984.013.34","url":null,"abstract":"Morphology, by its very language-specific nature, poses conceptual, methodological, and empirical problems for both linguistic theory and language typology. This chapter offers an overview of major issues in morphological typology, starting with the controversial definitions of basic notions such as ‘wordform’ and ‘lexeme’, and proceeding to the classification of morphological phenomena along the syntagmatic and paradigmatic axes. It is argued that traditional dichotomies such as ‘inflection’ vs. ‘derivation’ or ‘agglutination’ vs. ‘flexion’ are to by replaced by multidimensional classifications based on a broad empirical coverage of morphological phenomena attested in human languages, and that only through a mutually informed fruitful interaction of typologists and morphological theorists can an adequate cross-linguistically valid and analytically sophisticated model of morphology be attained.","PeriodicalId":179381,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Morphological Theory","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126654750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Early Generative Grammar 早期生成语法
The Oxford Handbook of Morphological Theory Pub Date : 2018-12-13 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199668984.013.12
P. Hacken
{"title":"Early Generative Grammar","authors":"P. Hacken","doi":"10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199668984.013.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199668984.013.12","url":null,"abstract":"In the earliest stages of transformational-generative grammar, there was no lexicon and the rewrite rules and transformations aimed to generate the correct sequence of morphemes of a sentence. The introduction of the lexicon was based on empirical considerations, but not in the domain of morphology. Chomsky’s Lexicalist Hypothesis places word formation in the lexicon, but not inflection. Elaborating on these ideas, Halle (1973) lays the foundation for morpheme-based approaches and Jackendoff (1975) for word-based approaches to word formation. In Generative Semantics, semantic structure is the basis for generation and word formation is integrated with lexical insertion. Levi (1978) proposes Recoverably Deletable Predicates to restrict the power of the transformations involved in compounding.","PeriodicalId":179381,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Morphological Theory","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116155386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Word and Paradigm Morphology 词与范式形态学
The Oxford Handbook of Morphological Theory Pub Date : 2016-12-20 DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199593545.001.0001
J. Blevins
{"title":"Word and Paradigm Morphology","authors":"J. Blevins","doi":"10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199593545.001.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199593545.001.0001","url":null,"abstract":"There has been a broad resurgence in word-based approaches and the reconceptualization of classical ‘word and paradigm’ (WP) approaches as general models of morphological analysis. WP models are well adapted to the description and analysis of complex morphological patterns, most transparently clear in inflection. Modern WP models demonstrate how morphological organization is fundamentally implicational: the central role of words (and paradigms) reflects their predictive value in a morphological system. Understanding the nature of morphological organization, within and across languages, requires exploration of the fundamental elements of implicational relations. Descriptively this involves identifying the internal structure of words and the ways this structure facilitates an external organization into patterns of relatedness. Theoretically, it is necessary to identify analytic tools appropriate for specifying and quantifying word-internal and word-external organization. This type of analytic approach encourages the investigation of the types of learning theories that may play a role in determining the patterns observed to occur and thereby help to explain their learnability.","PeriodicalId":179381,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Morphological Theory","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117186027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 229
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