M. Almeida, Piyush Singhal, Astryl Sequeira, R. Church, V. Srivastava
{"title":"An integrated system for health monitoring of civil infrastructures using a sensor network","authors":"M. Almeida, Piyush Singhal, Astryl Sequeira, R. Church, V. Srivastava","doi":"10.1109/IHTC.2015.7238059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IHTC.2015.7238059","url":null,"abstract":"Civil infrastructures such as bridges, highways and buildings are important components of any region and their health should be monitored. Sensor networks can be used to assess the infrastructure conditions. These networks can consist of up to thousands of different sensors and continuously generate large amounts of data. Analyzing the data to find anomalies in a timely manner is very critical, as it can prevent disasters from occurring. A reliable integrated system that efficiently incorporates and analyses data from sensors must be designed. This paper proposes an architecture that envisions the deployment of a sensor network, collecting data of various physical parameters. Stochastic models, incorporating data from all sensors, were generated. A meta-heuristic algorithm solved the models for several scenarios and successfully identified anomalies. The proposed methodology aims to identify anomalies, which allows appropriate preventive actions in timely manner.","PeriodicalId":178502,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Canada International Humanitarian Technology Conference (IHTC2015)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125298552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A universal unit for measuring clouds","authors":"Salam Ismaeel, A. Miri","doi":"10.1109/IHTC.2015.7238044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IHTC.2015.7238044","url":null,"abstract":"Cloud service providers (CSPs) offer a utility computing service model in which users are expected to only pay for the resources that they use. However, a lack of common standards used by different cloud providers and the complexity of cloud resource distribution and orchestration often lead to an excess in resource pool allocation and overall inefficiencies. This complexity percolates throughout the cloud service industry and is the real hindrance to the use of the utility service model especially in healthcare organizations, which are expected to provide new and improved patient care capabilities using cloud resources. In this paper, a single cloud unit for metering all resources relating to the delivery of cloud computing is developed and implemented. This unit represents the summation of weighted components (network, compute, storage, power, facilities, etc.) used in the delivery of a cloud service. Performance results observed in the actual implementation of an enterprise cloud showed that the proposed unit provides an easy to use tool for comparing CSP services, and can lead to increased efficiency and manageability of resource usage in an enterprise.","PeriodicalId":178502,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Canada International Humanitarian Technology Conference (IHTC2015)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114753156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transforming dairy production and marketing: An essential step in ensuring food and nutritional security among smallholder farmers in rural Ethiopia","authors":"Birhanu Megersa Lenjiso, J. Smits, R. Ruben","doi":"10.1109/IHTC.2015.7238041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IHTC.2015.7238041","url":null,"abstract":"Smallholder commercialization is considered as the pathway for household food security in many agriculture dependent economies. To study this link, we have conducted a household survey and observational study on food consumption patterns, household and intra-household dietary diversity and nutritional status in 164 dairy farm households in Ethiopia. Using the FAO dietary diversity questionnaire, all food items consumed by the husband, the wife, an adult boy, an adult girl and a child under five (when available) was recorded. The study reveals that milk market participant households have high level of dairy production, household income, dietary diversity and nutritional status of young children. On one hand, the study indicate that there is no significant difference between market participant and non-participant households on animal source food consumption in general and milk consumption in particular, despite the significant milk production difference. On the other hand, it indicates a positive relationship between household milk market participation, household and intra-household dietary diversity and child nutritional status. We argue that housheold milk market participation has a potential to improve housheold food and nutritional security in Ethiopia.","PeriodicalId":178502,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Canada International Humanitarian Technology Conference (IHTC2015)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130043966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David K. W. Li, S. Poshtkouhi, O. Trescases, R. Orr, Ben Bacque
{"title":"Intelligent AC Distribution Panel for real-time load analysis and control in small-scale power grids with distributed generation","authors":"David K. W. Li, S. Poshtkouhi, O. Trescases, R. Orr, Ben Bacque","doi":"10.1109/IHTC.2015.7238035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IHTC.2015.7238035","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of this paper is a novel Intelligent Distribution Panel (IDP) for controlling and monitoring power quality in small-scale ac power grids. A prototype ten-channel IDP capable of managing up to 38 kW is demonstrated. Each channel includes a relay and supports high-frequency current monitoring for smart metering. The ac current's fundamental and harmonic content up to the 7th harmonic are precisely measured and the state of each channel can be controlled. A low-power single-board computer is used to perform data acquisition and facilitate energy management. Tasks such as frequency locking and real-time power monitoring are implemented using a digital Multiple Second Order General Integrator - Frequency Locked Loop (MSOGI-FLL) algorithm. The measured frequency and the extracted real and reactive power have an accuracy within 1% for the majority of the operating conditions.","PeriodicalId":178502,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Canada International Humanitarian Technology Conference (IHTC2015)","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123800647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew Fracchia, Michael T. Benson, Christopher Kennedy, James J. Convery, Alexander Poultney, J. W. Anderson, Allen Tan, John Wright, J. Ermilio, G. Clayton
{"title":"Low-cost explosive ordnance disposal robot for deployment in Southeast Asia","authors":"Matthew Fracchia, Michael T. Benson, Christopher Kennedy, James J. Convery, Alexander Poultney, J. W. Anderson, Allen Tan, John Wright, J. Ermilio, G. Clayton","doi":"10.1109/IHTC.2015.7238055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IHTC.2015.7238055","url":null,"abstract":"We present a low-cost explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) robot, which grew out of a collaboration between Villanova University (VU) and the Golden West Humanitarian Foundation (GWHF). Unexploded ordnance (UXO) are commonplace in the developing world. Ideally, the handling of UXO would be carried out using EOD robots, like those employed by the US military. However, these devices are cost prohibitive for developing world governments and municipalities and, perhaps, not ideally suited for deployment by them. The low-cost EOD bot described in this paper, was conceived with the developing world in mind through a series of senior design projects and was designed to maintain functionality (e.g. ability to lift and drag heavy loads, place charges, etc.) while reducing cost. This is achieved through well thought out design tradeoffs and the use of lower-cost hardware. The general design of this robot, a discussion of design tradeoffs, and preliminary field tests are presented.","PeriodicalId":178502,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Canada International Humanitarian Technology Conference (IHTC2015)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128459775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ben Bacque, T. Gachovska, R. Orr, N. Radimov, David K. W. Li, S. Poshtkouhi, O. Trescases
{"title":"Solving the Last mile Problem for energy self-forming nano-grids","authors":"Ben Bacque, T. Gachovska, R. Orr, N. Radimov, David K. W. Li, S. Poshtkouhi, O. Trescases","doi":"10.1109/IHTC.2015.7238060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IHTC.2015.7238060","url":null,"abstract":"In the later part of the 1980s, the telephony industry struggled with the cost of connecting subscribers over the last mile to serve millions of people in the developing world. While the cost of switching and transmission lines is shared across hundreds or thousands of subscribers, this advantage diminishes at the edge of the network where the cost must be borne by fewer and ultimately individual subscribers. In power grids today a similar situation exists. The Last-mile Problem was resolved when the cost of cellular telephones was reduced by integrating functions and components into silicon circuits and when African entrepreneurs found novel financial models to enable even the poorest to acquire a cell phone. Using parallel principles to provide energy where the infrastructure and the required capital investment do not exist, the self-forming nano-grid project discussed in this paper can start from a single photovoltaic (PV) panel and battery each with attached inverters yet scale up to tens of kilowatts. This system also incorporates load management in a power distribution panel to set priority for load shedding to keep critical loads powered in the face of minimal generation and no conventional grid resources.","PeriodicalId":178502,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Canada International Humanitarian Technology Conference (IHTC2015)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132250387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) technique for heart disease diagnosis","authors":"Salam Ismaeel, A. Miri, Dharmendra Chourishi","doi":"10.1109/IHTC.2015.7238043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IHTC.2015.7238043","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important applications of machine learning systems is the diagnosis of heart disease which affect the lives of millions of people. Patients suffering from heart disease have lot of independent factors such as age, sex, serum cholesterol, blood sugar, etc. in common which can be used very effectively for diagnosis. In this paper an Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) algorithm is used to model these factors. The proposed system can replace a costly medical checkups with a warning system for patients of the probable presence of heart disease. The system is implemented on real data collected by the Cleveland Clinic Foundation where around 300 patients information has been collected. Simulation results show this architecture has about 80% accuracy in determining heart disease.","PeriodicalId":178502,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Canada International Humanitarian Technology Conference (IHTC2015)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115699060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A feasibility study for the development of an employment system for underserved communities","authors":"Abhimanyu Roy, Vishalkumar Shah, A. Zalzala","doi":"10.1109/IHTC.2015.7238036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IHTC.2015.7238036","url":null,"abstract":"This study deals with the formulation of a technology-based solution to the problem of unemployment in underserved communities. Jobs for low-skilled and unskilled labor in the informal economy are acquired by means of referrals and contacts, but this approach suffers from making employment related information privileged only to a few individuals. In order to gauge the feasibility of a technology solution, the employment seeking process was studied through interviews conducted with all stakeholders - employers, candidates and intermediaries like NGOs and employment agencies. The studies were conducted at slum communities in Ahmedabad, India. After the interviews, two questionnaires were developed that drew from the interviews, one for the members of the community and the other for employers who recruited from the community. The employers also went through a semi-structured interview in order to capture any pertinent data that was not represented in the questionnaire. Based on the responses to the surveys a preliminary version of the system was constructed.","PeriodicalId":178502,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Canada International Humanitarian Technology Conference (IHTC2015)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124864148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of data complexity on the intelligent diagnostic reasoning","authors":"Arash Marzi, H. Marzi","doi":"10.1109/IHTC.2015.7238069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IHTC.2015.7238069","url":null,"abstract":"The objective was to train several Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) with different training functions in order to gain an understanding of the effect of dataset complexity on performance. The utilization of varying training functions permitted ANN diversity; and allowing for enhanced diagnostic reasoning in classification. This improvement is achieved by expediting training stage, calibrating classification. The proposed technique is applied to a number of dataset to verify performance improvements. Particular application of the proposed technique is demonstrated by applying methodology for medical diagnostics.","PeriodicalId":178502,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Canada International Humanitarian Technology Conference (IHTC2015)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125090126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. H. De O. Moura, Ronnielli Chagas de Oliveira, Tharley Magno Dutra Castilho, Jose Maria Soares Leal, Jorge Emilio dos Santos Padilha, Thelma Virgínia Rodrigues
{"title":"Adapting a regular office chair for people with limited mobility","authors":"G. H. De O. Moura, Ronnielli Chagas de Oliveira, Tharley Magno Dutra Castilho, Jose Maria Soares Leal, Jorge Emilio dos Santos Padilha, Thelma Virgínia Rodrigues","doi":"10.1109/IHTC.2015.7238053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IHTC.2015.7238053","url":null,"abstract":"This article explains the construction and creation of an adapted office chair that is completely motorized. Its purpose is to be used by people who have reduced mobility; the idea came from a person that has locomotion difficulties. The chair makes easy access to inner environments such as domestic places, commercial areas, among others, easier and smoother, offering the users more security, comfortable, independence and freedom. The maintenance is extremely easy to do and the whole system was developed with a low cost. It attends to an extensive range of users in denser areas full of resource, like regions which have low population and also problems to access. The project is based on a conventional chair used in offices that was equipped with mechanical and electrical systems which make possible its movement in any direction as well as to turn three hundred sixty. When compared with a conventional wheelchair, this new model presents height adjustment motorized to the seat, making better the accessibility of users in high places. There is the possibility to adjust the seat of the chair to match the height of other movable equipment, making the displacement of the user more comfortable and safer. The proposal of the project came from the need to produce a more dynamic and accessible equipment to help people realize simple tasks, to help them do jobs that are not possible for those who use the conventional wheelchair. At the same time we cared to make the system be accessible to the population in general. The system was thought and developed by the students of the technical course of Mechatronics by Pronatec in the University Center UNA for integrating work. The students had support of the PARAMEC group from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) and currently has support of SIGHT PUC-MINAS as well.","PeriodicalId":178502,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Canada International Humanitarian Technology Conference (IHTC2015)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125391366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}