Trends in Urology, Gynaecology & Sexual Health最新文献

{"title":"Screening for and management of UTIs in gynaecological and obstetric practice","authors":"C. Scott, S. Jackson","doi":"10.1002/TRE.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/TRE.44","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":178319,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Urology, Gynaecology & Sexual Health","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129811997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of HPV testing in the NHS Cervical Screening Programme","authors":"E. McLellan","doi":"10.1002/tre.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tre.34","url":null,"abstract":"www.tugsh.com Trends in Urology Gynaecology & Sexual Health September/October 2007 In the UK, cervical squamous cell carcinoma is the 11th highest cause of cancer-related mortality, with 1123 deaths attributable to the disease in 2002.1 Persistent cervical infections with human papillomaviruses (HPV) cause virtually all cervical carcinoma,2 with subtypes 16, 18, 31 and 33 being particularly high risk. Two HPV vaccines, Gardasil (a quadrivalent vaccine against types 6, 11, 16 and 18) and Cervarix (a bivalent vaccine against types 16 and 18), have been reviewed by the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI). The recommendation of HPV vaccination for all girls aged between 12 and 13 years has recently made news headlines, with reports that the government has accepted this proposal in principle, but needs to decide whether it is financially viable. At present, only the quadrivalent vaccine is licensed in the UK. The JCVI favours the use of the most cost-effective vaccine against all endpoints, including genital warts, but feels that further analysis on the benefit of warts prevention is needed before an informed decision about the choice of vaccine can be made. The vaccines protect against strains accounting for 70 per cent of cervical cancer;3 although vaccination will not replace the screening programme, this will require review once vaccinated cohorts pass into the screening process in 10–15 years. Cervical screening aims to reduce the incidence of malignant squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix by detecting and treating the precursor lesion, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Screening was introduced in England in 1964 and since 1988 has been offered, by the NHS Cervical Screening Programme (NHSCSP), to all women aged 25–64, every three to five years.1,4 The programme screens almost 4 million women in England annually, and it is estimated that early detection and treatment prevents 75 per cent of cases of cervical cancer.4 The cost of cervical screening and subsequent treatment of cervical abnormalities is approximately £157 million per year in England. At present, most cervical screening is conducted using the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear test, in which cells scraped from the transformation zone (junction of endoand ectocervix) are examined cytologically for dyskaryosis. It is recognised that this method is not consistently accurate; a systematic review in 2000 found that sensitivity and specificity ranged from 30 to 87 per cent and 86 to 100 per cent, respectively.5 In the UK NHSCSP, depending on the persistence and degree of severity of dyskaryosis, colposcopy is performed to provide a histological diagnosis of CIN. Liquid-based cytology (LBC) is a new method of sampling and preparing cervical cells, in which a specimen brushed from the transformation zone is transferred into a vial of preservative fluid. This is then treated and spun to allow deposition of the cell suspension onto a slide for cytological examination. Using t","PeriodicalId":178319,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Urology, Gynaecology & Sexual Health","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128751016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Penile fracture: diagnosis and management","authors":"M. Masarani, M. Dinneen","doi":"10.1002/TRE.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/TRE.37","url":null,"abstract":"Penile fracture is an uncommon urological emergency that can have significant complications. Patients usually present to the accident and emergency department, but may seek advice from GPs. Immediate surgical repair is the treatment of choice, with fewer complications, shorter hospital stays, better outcome and increased patient satisfaction compared with conservative therapy. Copyright © 2007 Wiley Interface Ltd","PeriodicalId":178319,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Urology, Gynaecology & Sexual Health","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124626639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"9. Sorting out pelvic inflammatory disease","authors":"N. V. Knorring, J. Wilson","doi":"10.1002/TRE.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/TRE.39","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":178319,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Urology, Gynaecology & Sexual Health","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117139128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of diet in the prevention of common kidney stones","authors":"W. Finch, S. Irving","doi":"10.1002/TRE.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/TRE.36","url":null,"abstract":"The authors discuss the evidence for the prevention of calcium stones through dietary intervention, and look at some of the emerging options. Copyright © 2007 Wiley Interface Ltd","PeriodicalId":178319,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Urology, Gynaecology & Sexual Health","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132687055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern management of postpartum hypertension","authors":"M. Chandiramani, A. Shennan, J. Waugh","doi":"10.1002/TRE.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/TRE.40","url":null,"abstract":"Current evidence focuses mainly on hypertensive disorders that develop in the antenatal and intrapartum period, while hypertension in the postpartum period is a contentious and poorly managed area. The authors outline what is known about the incidence, risk factors, optimal management and implications of postnatal hypertensive disorders. Copyright © 2007 Wiley Interface Ltd","PeriodicalId":178319,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Urology, Gynaecology & Sexual Health","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123598147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of nocturnal enuresis","authors":"G. Smith","doi":"10.1002/TRE.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/TRE.38","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":178319,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Urology, Gynaecology & Sexual Health","volume":"255 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122637744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Syphilis: delayed diagnosis in a 45‐year‐old man","authors":"C. S. Babu, S. Higgins","doi":"10.1002/TRE.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/TRE.30","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":178319,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Urology, Gynaecology & Sexual Health","volume":"341 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123186235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HRT and heart disease: an update","authors":"P. Hannaford","doi":"10.1002/TRE.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/TRE.27","url":null,"abstract":"www.tugsh.com Trends in Urology Gynaecology & Sexual Health July/August 2007 At the start of this millennium, about a third of women in the UK aged 50–64 years were estimated to be current users of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), and 50 per cent ever-users.1 The popularity of this treatment was driven, in part, by evidence from observational studies suggesting substantial protection from coronary heart disease among HRT users, perhaps by about a third.2 Enthusiasm for such use, however, received a severe setback in 2003 when the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) investigators announced that they were halting prematurely their randomised trial of oestrogen combined with progestogen.","PeriodicalId":178319,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Urology, Gynaecology & Sexual Health","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131265467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modifying risk factors for gynaecological cancer","authors":"N. Rai, A. Fiander","doi":"10.1002/TRE.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/TRE.29","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":178319,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Urology, Gynaecology & Sexual Health","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121022045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}