Kleintierpraxis最新文献

{"title":"Postovulatorische Retention von Eiern (Dystokie) bei Echsen - Diagnostik - und Therapiemöglichkeiten","authors":"Maša Efendić, Marko Samardžija, Nikica Prvanović Babić, Goran Bačić, Tugomir Karadjole, Martina Lojkić, Hrvoje Capak, Marko Pećin, Nino Maćešić","doi":"10.2377/0023-2076-62-754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2377/0023-2076-62-754","url":null,"abstract":"In Gefangenschaft gehaltene Echsen leiden sehr oft unter Reproduktionsstorungen. Die haufigste Reproduktionspathologie bei weiblichen Echsen ist die postovulatorische Retention von Eiern (Dystokie). Dabei wird zwischen einer obstruktiven und einer nicht obstruktiven Dystokie unterschieden, also einer erschwerten (Oviposition) bzw. einer volligen Unfahigkeit zur Eiablage. Haufig sind diese Erkrankungen durch Haltungs- und Futterungsfehler bedingt, weshalb Tierarzte uber gute Kenntnisse auf diesem Gebiet verfugen sollten. Ursachen fur die Dystokie konnen eine mechanische Obstruktion der Eileiter, Infektionen des Reproduktionstraktes, eine grose Anzahl an Eiern, eine mangelhafte Kalzifizierung der Eischale oder auch die metabolische Knochenerkrankung (metabolic bone disease) sein. Die klinischen Anzeichen von Reproduktionsstorungen sind unspezifisch. Zu ihnen zahlen Depression, Lethargie, Anorexie, Dyspnoe, Obstipation sowie eine Reaktionslosigkeit auf ausere Reize. Das unspezifische klinische Bild macht die diagnostische Aufarbeitung zu einer grosen Herausforderung. Als erstes sollte durch Rontgen- und Ultraschalldiagnostik der Zolomhohle bestimmt werden, ob es sich uber praovulatorische oder postovulatorische Pathologie handelt. Tierarzte, die uber gute Kenntnis der Ultraschall- und Rontgendiagnostik bei Reptilien verfugen, konnen die Anzahl und die Position der Eier sowie Eierschalenbildung (Kalzifizierungsgrad) abschatzen. Die Bestimmung hamatologischer und biochemischer Blutparameter sowie der Elektrolyte kann helfen, den klinischen Zustand des Tieres besser einzuschatzen. Auch eine Endoskopie in allgemeiner Anasthesie kann bei der Diagnosefindung behilflich sein.Es bestehen unterschiedliche therapeutische Moglichkeiten (manuelle Massage im Wasserbad, chirurgische Behandlung, hormonelles Behandlungsprotokoll mit Kalzium- und Oxytocinanwendung). Die Auswahl der Behandlungsstrategie hangt von unterschiedlichen Faktoren ab: Soll das Tier reproduktionsfahig bleiben? Wie lange dauert die Retention der Eier (Dystokie) bereits an? Sie hangt aber auch vom klinischen Zustand des Tieres, der Art der Reproduktionsstorung und Prognose nach der Behandlung ab. Je schneller die Behandlung der Dystokie eingeleitet wird, desto groser ist die Chance, die Reproduktionsfahigkeit zu erhalten.","PeriodicalId":17825,"journal":{"name":"Kleintierpraxis","volume":"62 1","pages":"754-764"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41873658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sonografischer Untersuchungsgang zu Beurteilung der Ureteren beim Hund für Zuchtuntersuchungen","authors":"S. Hungerbuehler, I. Reichler, R. Nickel, M. Fehr","doi":"10.5167/UZH-144312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5167/UZH-144312","url":null,"abstract":"Die sonografische Untersuchung gilt aktuell als wichitger und nutzlicher Bestandteil der Diagnostik bei Hunden mit einer Harninkontinenz, um angeborene Anomalien wie einen ektopischen Ureter nachweisen oder ausschliessen zu konnen. Daher wird die Sonogrfie auch als komplikationsarme und verlassliche Screening-Methode zur Evaluation von Hunden mit erhoten Pradisposition fur Fehlbildungen des Ureters im Rahmen der Zuchthygiene eingesetzt. Im B-Mode-Bild wird insbesondere auf Dilatation und Verlaufsabweichung der Harnleiter geachtet. Mit Doppler-Verfahren wird die genaue Lokalisation der Uretereinmundung anhand der Darstellung des Ureterjetprofils bestimmt. Unterschieden wird zwischen intra-und extravesikalen Abweichungen der Uretereinmundung. Dieser Artikel beschreibt den Untersuchungsgang und gibt wertvolle Informationen zur Untersuchung und Interpretation.","PeriodicalId":17825,"journal":{"name":"Kleintierpraxis","volume":"62 1","pages":"434-450"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49250535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes mellitus bei Hund und Katze","authors":"C. E. Reusch","doi":"10.5167/uzh-135961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-135961","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17825,"journal":{"name":"Kleintierpraxis","volume":"56 1","pages":"204-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49153086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Otitis externa beim Hund","authors":"J. Claßen, R. S. Müller","doi":"10.2377/0023-2076-62-294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2377/0023-2076-62-294","url":null,"abstract":"Otitis externa (OE) is defined as an inflammation of the external ear canal and its prevalence is reported to be 5-13%. The pathogenesis of OE is often multifactorial. The PSPP-System identifies and differentiates primary and secondary causes and predisposing and perpetuating factors contributing to OE and helps the clinician to establish a therapeutic plan. For a successful therapy of OE to identify and treat all contributing causes and factors in each individual case. Frequent causes of canine OE are hypersensitivities to food and environmental allergens, foreign bodies and hypothyroidism. To achieve good owner compliance the clinician needs good communication skills. A clinical and otoscopic examination and ear cytology are needed to make the diagnosis of OE. The usefulness of bacterial cultures and susceptibility testing in cases of OE is currently under debate. The gold standard for drug application in OE is topical as higher drug concentrations are achieved in the ear compared to systemic treatment. A lot of commercial ear products and ear cleaners are available. The clinician should be aware of their ingredients, their mode of action and possible ototoxic effects. Short term therapy with systemic glucocorticoids can be useful in cases of stenotic ear canals. Surgery might be the only successful treatment in end-stage otitis externa.","PeriodicalId":17825,"journal":{"name":"Kleintierpraxis","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68834550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Die systemische Hypertension bei der Katze – Diagnostik und Behandlung","authors":"A. Wehner, P. Richter, R. Dorsch","doi":"10.2377/0023-2076-62-159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2377/0023-2076-62-159","url":null,"abstract":"Systemic hypertension is a common medical condition in older cats, which is mostly caused by an underlying disease such as chronic kidney disease, hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus (predominantly diastolic hypertension) or hyperaldosteronism. Target organ damage can occur if the blood pressure is elevated. Affected organs are the eye, kidney, brain and heart. If the blood pressure exceeds 180/120 mmHg there is a high risk for the development of target organ damage. Whenever a disease with a high prevalence of hypertension is diagnosed or target organ damage is suspected, measurement of blood pressure should be performed. Indirect techniques to measure blood pressure are the Doppler sonography and the high definition oscillometry (HDO). A reliable assessment of the blood pressure can be achieved if a standardized protocol is followed. Especially the problem of ,,white coat hypertension\" should be eliminated. If hypertension is diagnosed, further decisions will be made based on the severity of the hypertension and possible target organ damage. If the latter is present, medical therapy should be immediately started. If target organ damage is absent, blood pressure measurement is at first repeated to verify hypertension. The first choice medical agent is independent of the causative disease amlodipin. The treatment goal is to permanently lower the blood pressure to < 160/100 mmHg. With this approach the development of progression of target organ damage can be prevented. In most cases of affected cats, systemic hypertension and the causative disease have to be treated and monitored lifelong.","PeriodicalId":17825,"journal":{"name":"Kleintierpraxis","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68833890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epilepsie aktuell - Zusammenfassung der IVETF-Empfehlungen zum \"Therapeutischen Management der kaninen Epilepsie in Europa\"","authors":"Sofie Bhatti, L. Risio, Karen R. Muñana, Jacques Penderis, V. Stein, A. Tipold, Mette Berendt, Robyn G. Farquhar, A. Fischer, S. Long, W. Löscher, P.J.J. Mandigers, K. Matiasek, Ákos Pákozdy, Ned Patterson, Simon Platt, Michael Podell, H. Potschka, Clare Rusbridge, H. Volk","doi":"10.2377/0023-2076-61-529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2377/0023-2076-61-529","url":null,"abstract":"Das therapeutische Management der kaninen Epilepsie muss an die individuellen Bedurfnisse des Hundes und seines Besitzers angepasst werden. 2015 hat die International Veterinary Epilepsy Task Force (IVETF) die Konsensempfehlungen „Therapeutisches Management der kaninen Epilepsie in Europa“ veroffentlicht. In diesen Empfehlungen wird eine systematische therapeutische Vorgehensweise bei Hunden mit idiopathischer oder struktureller Epilepsie vorgeschlagen. Das Konsenspapier gibt auserdem einen Uberblick uber die in Europa zur Anwendung beim Hund zugelassenen Antiepileptika (AE) und empfiehlt Protokolle fur die Arzneimitteltherapie. Der Konsensvorschlag basiert auf der aktuellen evidenzbasierten Literatur, berucksichtigt die aktuellen gesetzlichen Rahmenbedingungen in Europa und gibt die Erfahrungen der Autoren wieder. Im vorliegenden Artikel wird der Inhalt der Konsensusempfehlungen in deutscher Sprache zusammengefasst.","PeriodicalId":17825,"journal":{"name":"Kleintierpraxis","volume":"61 1","pages":"529-544"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68833876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epilepsie aktuell – Zusammenfassung der Konsenspapiere der IVETF zur Definition der Epilepsie, ihrer Klassifikation und der Terminologie sowie zur Genetik der Erkrankung bei Rassehunden","authors":"Mette Berendt, V. Hülsmeyer, Sofie Bhatti, L. Risio, Robyn G. Farquhar, A. Fischer, P.J.J. Mandigers, S. Long, K. Matiasek, Karen R. Muñana, Rowena M. A. Packer, Ákos Pákozdy, Edward E. Patterson, Jacques Penderis, Simon Platt, Michael Podell, H. Potschka, M. Pumarola, Clare Rusbridge, V. Stein, A. Tipold, H. Volk","doi":"10.2377/0023-2076-61-425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2377/0023-2076-61-425","url":null,"abstract":"In 2015, the International Veterinary Epilepsy Task Force (IVETF) published seven consensus statements that outline a number of recommendations and classifications on all aspects of epilepsy in dogs and cats. The open access publication is written in English. This article presents a summary of the consensus statements \"IVETF consensus report on epilepsy definition, classification and terminology in companion animals\" and \"IVETF's current understanding of idiopathic epilepsy of genetic or suspected genetic origin in purebred dogs\" in German language to inform German veterinarians and professional circles about new knowledge and innovations in these fields. In the first part of the article, it is explained, why a new classification system of epilepsy and a common language to describe the disease is necessary. The proposals of the IVETF regarding the classification system and the terminology are introduced. The second part of the article contains a short summary of the current knowledge regarding the genetic or suspected genetic origin of idiopathic epilepsy in purebred dogs.","PeriodicalId":17825,"journal":{"name":"Kleintierpraxis","volume":"61 1","pages":"425-435"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68834311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Die systemische Hypertension bei der Katze – Ätiologie und Pathogenese","authors":"S. Bertram, A. Wehner, R. Dorsch","doi":"10.2377/0023-2076-61-144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2377/0023-2076-61-144","url":null,"abstract":"A better understanding of the pathogenesis of hypertension in cats may lead to more specific diagnostic and therapeutic interventions and the prevention of target organ damage. The ACVIM consensus guidelines have been widely adopted and classify systemic hypertension according to the relative risk of developing target organ damage. Systemic hypertension is a common problem in geriatric cats and is often secondary to other diseases, mainly impaired renal function. Systemic hypertension is less prevalent in hyperthyroid cats as it has been in previous years. However, approximately 20% of cats treated for hyperthyroidism may subsequently develop hypertension but not all will have an associated azotaemia. The role of idiopathic hypertension (where no causative disease can be identified) remains controversial in cats. If hypertension is not recognised and treated, target organ damage can result. Target organ damage is mainly diagnosed in the eyes as it causes sudden-onset blindness, for example, due to hyphaema or retinal detachment. The primary aim in the treatment of systemic hypertension is the prevention of target organ damage that does not only occur in the eye, but also manifests itself in the kidneys, cardiovascular and central nervous systems. Recent studies have also begun to explore the relationship that systemic hypertension may have with proteinuria and the progression of chronic kidney disease in feline patients.","PeriodicalId":17825,"journal":{"name":"Kleintierpraxis","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68834247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Offene Wundtherapie in der Kleintiermedizin – Moderne Wundauflagen im Überblick","authors":"M. Nolff, A. Meyer-Lindenberg","doi":"10.2377/0023-2076-61-267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2377/0023-2076-61-267","url":null,"abstract":"The treatment of open wounds is a daily challenge in veterinary medicine. There are numerous different wound dressings available, but unfortunately only a few have been tested regarding their effectivity in dogs and cats. Due to this non-transparent situation on the market combined with a lack of veterinary studies, the choice of an appropriate wound dressing is frequently based on empirical experience rather than on funded knowledge. This article provides an overview of the general requirements to be met by modern wound dressings and the current knowledge of their effectiveness in dogs and cats.","PeriodicalId":17825,"journal":{"name":"Kleintierpraxis","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68834268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epilepsie aktuell – Zusammenfassung des Konsenspapiers des IVETF „Vorschlag für die diagnostische Herangehensweise bei Hunden mit Epilepsie“","authors":"L. Risio, Sofie Bhatti, Karen R. Muñana, Jacques Penderis, Veronika Steins, Andrea Tipolds, Mette Berendt, Robyn Farqhuar, A. Fischer, S. Long, P.J.J. Mandigers, K. Matiasek, Rowena M. A. Packer, Ákos Pákozdy, Ned Patterson, Simon Platt, Michael Podell, H. Potschka, Martí Pumarola i Batlle, Clare Rusbridge, H. Volk","doi":"10.2377/0023-2076-61-477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2377/0023-2076-61-477","url":null,"abstract":"In 2015, the International Veterinary Epilepsy Task Force (IVETF) published the \"Consensus Proposal: Diagnostic Approach to Epilepsy in Dogs\", proposing the basis for a standardized method of diagnostic procedures in patients suffering from seizures. The recommended modus operandi comprises two fundamental steps to clarify if the patient is truly suffering from epilepsy and to determine its underlying cause. The authors suggest a tier system of three confidence levels describing the reliability of the diagnosis \"idiopathic epilepsy\" The authors of the consensus proposal emphasize that these recommendations will evolve over time with advances in neuroimaging, electroencephalography, and molecular genetics of canine epilepsy. In this article, the contents of the consensus proposal are summarized in German language.","PeriodicalId":17825,"journal":{"name":"Kleintierpraxis","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68834320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}