Journal of University Medical & Dental College最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of the efficacy of 75 mg aspirin versus 150 mg aspirin for prevention of preeclampsia in patients at high risk for preeclampsia","authors":"Dr. Natasha Bushra, Dr. Wardah Saeed, Dr. Tayyaba Rashid, Dr. Mahwish Iqbal","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v15i1.898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v15i1.898","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Preeclampsia is a significant contributor to maternal health challenges. Emphasizing prevention over cure is a guiding principle in healthcare. As a reliable measure to forestall hypertension and its associated complications during pregnancy, aspirin is widely embraced. The early identification of risk factors plays a crucial role in the primary prevention of preeclampsia. Post-risk stratification, aspirin emerges as a pivotal player in the preventive strategy for individuals identified as high-risk for pre-eclampsia. To assess the effectiveness of 75 mg aspirin against 150 mg aspirin in preventing preeclampsia among individuals identified as having a high risk for the condition. \u0000METHODOLOGY: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Services Hospital, Lahore, from 27-12-2019 to 27-6-2020.240 patients were enrolled in the study, which was later divided into two groups. Group A received treatment with 75 mg aspirin, while Group B was administered 150 mg aspirin. Efficacy was determined based on whether blood pressure levels were below 140/90 mmHg, and proteinuria was rated as <+1 using the dipstick method. \u0000RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 28.54±6.83 years, and the mean gestational age of the patients was 15.30±1.69 weeks. In the 75 mg group, the efficacy was achieved in 94(78.3%) patients, whereas in the 150 mg group, the efficacy was achieved in 108(90.0%) patients (p-value=0.013). \u0000CONCLUSION: This study concludes that the efficacy of 150 mg aspirin significantly surpasses that of 75 mg aspirin in preventing preeclampsia among high-risk pregnant patients.","PeriodicalId":178216,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical &amp; Dental College","volume":" 677","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140092357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Physical activities among University Students during Covid-19 Pandemic","authors":"Dr. Autif Hussain Mangi, Fahim Ullah Khan, Laiq Zaman","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v15i1.868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v15i1.868","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the physical activity of people including university students. This study aimed to assess the physical activity of university students of Hyderabad and its adjoining areas during the peak time of the COVID-19 pandemic. \u0000METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study was conducted during the peak period of COVID-19 among 232 university students belonging to the University of Sindh who came from Hyderabad and its adjoining areas. The samples were collected via a simple random sampling method. The physical activity of male and female university students was compared and calculated by using SPSS software version 21 and MS Office 365. The significance level among groups was determined by applying a Chi-square test whereas the pre and post-responses were calculated by applying McNemar’s test. The  P-Value of < 0.05 was set as statistically significant. \u0000RESULTS: About 68.96% of females and 51.72% of male university students did not go for walking whereas 91.38% of females and 65.52% of males did not even prefer jogging activity. The results from McNemar’s Test Statistics about pre- and post-COVID-19 physical activity suggested that the walkers and non-walkers’ group had a significant change (x2=60.016, p<0.001), and the jogging and non-jogging group had also a significant difference (x2=113.009, p<0.001). The weight of university students before and after COVID-19 was significantly different (x2=30.414, p<0.05). \u0000CONCLUSION: The university students performed less than usual physical activity and mostly preferred a sedentary lifestyle during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic","PeriodicalId":178216,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical &amp; Dental College","volume":"20 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140277577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the tapestry of mental health crises in low- & middle-income countries: an intercontinental analysis of the contributing factors and instructive approaches\"","authors":"Naeem Mubarak, Sabba Kanwal, Fatima Rahman Rana, Saba Tariq, Sundus Tariq, Mohamed Hassan Elnaem, Asad Majeed Khan","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v14i4.972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v14i4.972","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, the intricate landscape of mental health challenges has become a focal point of global concern, with particular urgency in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). This manuscript delves into the multidimensional tapestry of mental health issues prevalent in these regions, offering an intercontinental analysis that seeks to unravel the contributing factors and proposes strategies for improvement. Through a meticulous examination of diverse sociocultural, economic, and healthcare-related variables, this study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the complex dynamics shaping mental health crises in LMICs. Through an intercontinental lens, our analysis aims to transcend geographical boundaries, examining the commonalities and distinctions inherent in the mental health landscapes of LMICs. This inquiry is driven by a dual commitment: to comprehensively understand the determinants of mental health challenges and to identify instructive approaches that can serve as foundations for targeted interventions. In navigating this intellectual terrain, our study not only strives to contribute to the academic discourse on global mental health but also aspires to inform policy and practice, fostering a nuanced understanding of mental health dynamics and cultivating evidence-based strategies to ameliorate the burden faced by individuals in LMICs. By synthesizing current research, empirical data, and theoretical frameworks, our exploration not only illuminates the challenges but also endeavors to identify instructive approaches for mitigating the impact of mental health issues in resource-constrained settings. The confluence of factors influencing mental health in LMICs demands an interdisciplinary lens, and this manuscript endeavors to navigate this intricate terrain with rigor and precision. This article exposes the significant gap in mental health services, attributing this disparity to limited public funding, insufficient allocation for children and adolescents, and an inadequate distribution of funds in mental health infrastructure. The scarcity of mental health workers, particularly in primary healthcare settings, further exacerbates the problem. The contributing factors to mental health crises in LMICs include ineffective legislation, leadership, and national health policies, as well as cultural beliefs and stereotypes. The lack of a mental health information system further hampers meaningful progress in these regions. There is a need for a comprehensive mental health system that considers cultural, social, and economic factors unique to LMICs. To address the challenges faced by LMICs, the article suggests strategies, including legislative reforms, policy development, public education to reduce stigma, and promotion of evidence-based interventions. By drawing on existing principles and considerations, the authors provide a specific system of mental health services grounded in community-based care and \"mental health-in-all-pol","PeriodicalId":178216,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical &amp; Dental College","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139234386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 among nurses","authors":"Badil, Ghulam Murtaza, Raja Raja, Gulsher Gulsher, Mehrin Kauser, Kashif Khan Khan, Ameer Ullah Khan Khan, Humera Ismail Ismail","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v14i4.779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v14i4.779","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: COVID-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It can lead to mild to severe respiratory illness, as well as death. Nurses are frontline health workers to care the COVID-19 patients effectively. The objective of the study was to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding COVID-19 among nurses working at tertiary care public sector hospitals in Karachi. METHODOLOGY: Analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Institute of Trauma, Karachi, for three months from October to December 2020. The calculated sample size was 239 nurses of both genders. Non-probability convenient sampling technique was used to access the participants. A validated and open accessed tool was used for data collection. A Chi-square test was used to assess the association of Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 with demographic variables. The level of significance was considered with a p-value ≤0.05. RESULTS: Out of the total, 145 (59.4%) were female, and a majority of 158 (66.1%) of the study subject's ages ranged from 25-30 years old. Mostly 156 (65.3%) of the study participants had a diploma in nursing. Approximately half of 130 (54.4%) of the participants worked the morning shift. The majority of 209 (87.4%) participants' experiences were two years and above. The gender and work experience of the participants were found statistically significant (p-value<0.05). This also found that more experienced nurses were somewhat better to mean Knowledge (7.87) than less experienced nurses (7.13).           CONCLUSION: It is concluded that most of the study participants had sound Knowledge, a positive attitude towards its remedy, and appropriate practice towards COVID-19.       KEYWORDS: COVID-19, Nurses, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice","PeriodicalId":178216,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical &amp; Dental College","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139230747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of Bullying Behavior, Sources and Coping Strategies among Student Nurses in Karachi, Pakistan","authors":"Muhmooda Abdul Razzaque","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v14i4.789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v14i4.789","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: Bullying is being increasing day by day among health care professionals and specially nursing students (NS) are victimized due to their novelty in nursing profession. The objectives of this study were to find out frequencies of bullying behavior and its association with sources (perpetrators), and coping strategies among NS in Karachi, Pakistan. Methodology: This cross-sectional survey was conducted among NS and study setting was Dow (institute of Nursing and Midwifery) University of Health Sciences Karachi, Pakistan. Study duration was three months. Inclusion Criteria: NS who were bullied at least in the last 03 months.  Exclusion criteria: unwilling participants and those who were absent at the time of data collection. Data was collected through an adapted questionnaire. The data was analyzed and entered into the SPSS version 26.  Mean, standard deviations and percentages were used to analyze different forms, frequencies of bully behavior. A chi-square test was used to find the association of forms of bully behavior with sources(perpetrators), and coping strategies of bully. Result: Out of 300 NS, 64% of the NS were bullied repetitively at clinical duties and 45% were occasionally bullied at the nursing institute. Most frequent source of bully was seniors (57.0%) and a largely NS (51.7%) using coping strategy by overlooking bully which is significantly (p-value <0.05 ) associated with types of bully behavior. Conclusion: Present study highlighted that NS were experienced various forms of bully and mainly were bullied by seniors at clinicals and mostly they have overlooked bully incidence.","PeriodicalId":178216,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical &amp; Dental College","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139229540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridge to Trust: EPAs and the Cultural Odyssey in Pakistan's Medical Training","authors":"Komal Atta","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v14i4.973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v14i4.973","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":178216,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical &amp; Dental College","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139233253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health literacy to address health disparities: Innovative & integrated strategies","authors":"Sumera Shahzad","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v14i4.970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v14i4.970","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":178216,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical &amp; Dental College","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139228670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived relevance of oral biology: a comparative study among dental interns and faculty","authors":"Sadia Shakeel, Kaynat Jahangir, A. Fahim, T. Shahid, Ahmad Azhar, Ammara Chaudhry","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v14i4.961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v14i4.961","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Objective: This study aims to compare and examine the distinctive perspectives of dental trainees and distinguished faculty members toward the significance of oral biology subject for dentistry, clinical training, and dental education. Methodology: A prevalidated questionnaire consisting of two sections was distributed through Google Forms and handouts to dental interns and faculty members of basic and clinical departments of different dental institutes and hospitals oh Punjab. The data was collected and statistically analyzed using IBM-SPSS version 25. The chi-square test was applied to check the significance of questions regarding perception of oral biology. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered as the threshold for statistical significance. Results: Both groups perceived high relevance of oral biology towards dentistry with slightly more relevance reported by dental interns regarding the importance of oral biology for dental education and clinical training. Regarding the data collected from clinical dental departments Oral surgery department showed the highest relevance of oral biology with dentistry whereas the Orthodontic department considered oral biology most relevant for future clinical training and practice. Conclusions: Dental faculty and interns emphasized the importance of oral biology as a discipline for dentistry, but interns reported substantial application for relevance related to future clinical training and practice.","PeriodicalId":178216,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical &amp; Dental College","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139233090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Knee Strengthening Exercises With and Without Hip Strengthening Exercises in Women with Knee Osteoarthritis: Randomized Controlled Trail","authors":"Mariam Umer Hayat, Anam Ashfaq, Maria Manzoor, Kanwal Arshad, Kamran Hanif","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v14i4.860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v14i4.860","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Hip strengthening exercises in patients with knee osteoarthritis is very beneficial the aim of study to determine combine effects of hip strengthening exercises with knee strengthening exercises on knee pain, function and activities of daily livings and quality of life in women with knee osteoarthritis. Methodology: In total, seventy women aged 40-70 year with knee OA, II–III grades on the Kellgren-Lawrence scale were included and randomized to experimental group (EG) and control group (CG) 35 in each group. The participants were going for 6-week supervised session, 4 times per week. The strengthening program consisted knee with hip strengthening exercises for EG, and only knee strengthening exercise for CG. Elastic Thera-Bands were used for resistance. KOOS was used for assessment and perform at baseline, 2nd week, 4th week and 6th week. Results: Finally 61 subjects were completed the study 31 in EG and 30 in CG. Results show that there were statistically and clinical significant improvements in the KOOS score in both groups from baseline to at 6th week. There was significant difference were observed in experimental group with mean pain 36.94±8.718 to 82.19±7.472 (p=0.051) in EG, & 22.97±4.165 to 72.53±5.237 (p=0.004) CG. The mean function 29.71±9.389 to 81.19±6.036 (p=0.000) EG & 24.14±4.927 to 67.94±3.984 (p=0.003) in CG and the mean Quality Of Life 27.06 ±7.806 to 60.61±10.148 (p=0.005) in EG & 24.30± 6.271 to 67.27± 7.821(p=0.000) in CG respectively. Conclusion(s): The combined knee strengthening exercise with hip strengthening exercises provide more significant enhancement in the clinical outcomes that are pain, function of daily living and quality of life in the women with osteoarthritis of the knee.","PeriodicalId":178216,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical &amp; Dental College","volume":"7 43","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139237330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic identification of Candida species and relative expression of candida drug resistance (CDR1) gene in fluconazole resistant and sensitive Candida albicans","authors":"Muneeza Muneeza Umer","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v14i4.856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v14i4.856","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Background and objective: Candida albicans belongs to the genus Candida. It is a commensal yeast in healthy individuals and can cause wide variety of infections in immune-compromised patients. The aim of the present study was to observe the frequency of Candida species, resistant profile of C. albicans against fluconazole and over-expression of CDR1 gene in both fluconazole resistant and sensitive C. albicans. Methodology: A total number of 206 Candida species were collected on Sabouraud Dextrose agar from Jinnah hospital Lahore. The isolates were re-confirmed by using various microbiological techniques like wet preparation, Gram stain and Germ tube test.  Identification upto the species level was done by APIC 20AUX. Antifungal susceptibility profile of C. albicans against fluconazole was determined by broth microdilutiom method. Real Time PCR was performed on both the sensitive and resistant C. albicans to observe the role of CDR1 gene against fluconazole resistance. Results: tropicals was the most common species with the frequency of 66 (32.0%) followed by C. albicans 41(19.9), C. glabrata 24 (11.7%), C. lusitaniae 14 (6.8%) and other less common species. The majority of infected patients were females (59.2%) than males (41%). Antifungal susceptibility testing showed that 80% C. albicans were sensitive to fluconazole. Results of gene expression showed that CDR1 gene play a major role towards fluconazole resistance in C.albicans.Conclusion: Fluconazole was found to be effective in treating infections caused by C. albicans. Keywords: Candida albicans, Candida Drug Resistant Gene 1, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Candida Tropicalis, Candida glabrata, and Candida lusitaniae","PeriodicalId":178216,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical &amp; Dental College","volume":"9 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139237520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}