Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Anti-bacterial, Anti-adenoviral, and Apoptosis-inducing Activity of Bacillus clausii Supernatant","authors":"Z. Fateminasab, M. Shayestehpour, M. Zolfaghari","doi":"10.5812/jjm-132952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jjm-132952","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bacillus clausii is being studied as a probiotic candidate. There is insufficient information on the antimicrobial and anticancer effects of B. clausii. Objectives: The present investigation was designed to evaluate the anti-bacterial, anti-adenoviral, and apoptosis-inducing activity of B. clausii cell-free supernatant (CFS). Methods: First, the supernatant of B. clausii was collected after culture for 24 h. Then, its anti-bacterial impact on several genera of bacteria was assessed through the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). Adenovirus 5 (Ad5) was exposed to the CFS under four conditions, including pre-treatment: first infecting cells with CFS and then with the virus; pre-incubation: incubation of the supernatant and virus for 1.5 hours and then adding to the cells; competition: infection of cells with the simultaneous mixture of the supernatant and virus, and post-treatment: first infecting cells with the virus and then with CFS. The median tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) technique determined the virus titer. Real-time PCR was performed to assess the E1A expression. After exposure to the CFS, real-time PCR was utilized to measure the expression of MicroRNA-145, BCL-2, and BAX in HeLa cancer cells. Results: Bacillus clausii supernatant showed an inhibitory effect on MRSA, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter. baumannii. The Ad5 titers were reduced by about 4.61, 4, 3.9, and 3.1 Log10 TCID50/mL in pre-treatment, pre-incubation, competition, and post-treatment tests (CFS dilution: 1/4), respectively. Similar results of the viral titration were seen when experimental and control E1A expression levels were compared. Also, B. clausii supernatant during 48 h exposure to HeLa cells increased the transcript of the BAX, BCL-2, and miR-145 genes to 9.1, 2.3, and 55 folds, respectively, compared to the untreated condition. Conclusions: Bacillus clausii can be a potent antimicrobial and anticancer agent. Further research is required to learn about the spectrum of anti-bacterial, antiviral, and anti-cancerous activities of B. clausii.","PeriodicalId":17803,"journal":{"name":"Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43341957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of Clostridioides difficile Infection Among Hospitalized Patients in Kerman City, Iran","authors":"M. Shojaei, Farokh Rokhbakhsh-Zamin, Ebrahim Rezazadeh Zarandi, F. Sarafzadeh, Sayed Mohammad Reza Khoshroo","doi":"10.5812/jjm-132262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jjm-132262","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Clostridioides difficile is one of the major causes of nosocomial infections, being responsible for 15 to 25% of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. It is important to determine the epidemiology and prevalence of this bacterium at hospitals and healthcare centers. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the prevalence of C. difficile infection (CDI) by identifying toxigenic isolates of C. difficile in different wards of the hospital. Methods: A total of 417 diarrheal stool samples were taken from hospitalized patients in different wards of three educational hospitals in Kerman City, Iran from 2018 to 2020. The samples were cultured on cycloserine-cefoxitin fructose agar and C. difficile suspected colonies were isolated. Identification of the cdd-3 gene for definitive diagnosis of C. difficile and identification of toxin genes in the positive isolates was performed using the PCR method. Results: A total of 68 isolates (16.3%) of C. difficile were isolated from the specimens. Besides, 8.6% (36/417) and 7.6% (32/417) of the isolates were toxigenic and nontoxigenic, respectively; thus, the prevalence of CDI was 8.6%. Most of the toxigenic isolates had the A+B+CDT- toxin phenotype. The highest prevalence of CDI was observed in males, ICU ward, and age group of 41 - 60. Conclusions: A total of 8.6% of hospitalized patients with diarrhea were infected with C. difficile. The prevalence of CDI in Kerman City is lower than that in Europe, East Asia, and other parts of Iran, but it is almost the same as that in the Middle East.","PeriodicalId":17803,"journal":{"name":"Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42307494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification Test for Rapid Identification of Clinical Nocardia Isolates","authors":"Mojtaba Taghizadeh Armaki, Mohammad Hossein Tayefeh-Arbab, Jalal Jafarzadeh, Sina Nasrollahian, Z. Baseri, H. Mehdinezhad, R. Rajabnia, Abazar Pournajaf","doi":"10.5812/jjm-132432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jjm-132432","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nocardia is a Gram-positive and partially acid-fast bacterium. The species are widely distributed in the environment and cause severe human infections. Nocardiosis is not easily identifiable due to the lack of pathognomonic clinical signs. Objectives: The present study was designed to develop and evaluate a simple and quick method based on a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for detecting Nocardia spp isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 357 BAL samples were collected from two teaching hospitals. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using a set of species-specific primers for the 16S rRNA gene. Kinyoun acid-fast staining and culture were done on the Sabouraud dextrose plate. The optimal LAMP reaction condition was set at 65°C for 45 min, with the recognition limit as 1 pg DNA/tube and 100 CFU/reaction. In addition to calcein and manganous ions, agarose gel electrophoresis was used to visualize the amplified LAMP products. Results: Out of 357 BAL samples, 0 (0.0%), 4 (1.1%), 9 (2.5%), and 10 (2.8%) Nocardia strains were identified by direct staining of partial acid-fast, streak culture plate, PCR, and LAMP methods, respectively. Conclusions: We developed a new LAMP technique for the recognition of Nocardia, which is fast, very precise, simple, and low-cost. According to our knowledge, this is the first report of the LAMP method to detect Nocardia in clinical samples.","PeriodicalId":17803,"journal":{"name":"Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43278355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Circulation of Common Respiratory Viruses and Their Co-infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Before and After Coronavirus Disease of 2019 Vaccination","authors":"S. Ebrahimi, M. Kalantar, Barat Barati, Nayeb Fadaei Dehcheshmeh, Zahra Najafimemar, T. Navidifar, F. Seif","doi":"10.5812/jjm-133326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jjm-133326","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Respiratory viruses play important roles in respiratory tract infections; they are the major cause of diseases such as the common cold, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, etc., in humans that circulate more often in the cold seasons. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many strict public health measures, such as hand hygiene, the use of face masks, social distancing, and quarantines, were implemented worldwide to control the pandemic. Besides controlling the COVID-19 pandemic, these introduced measures might change the spread of other common respiratory viruses. Moreover, with COVID-19 vaccination and reducing public health protocols, the circulation of other respiratory viruses probably increases in the community. Objectives: This study aims to explore changes in the circulation pattern of common respiratory viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: In the present study, we evaluated the circulation of seven common respiratory viruses (influenza viruses A and B, rhinovirus, and seasonal human Coronaviruses (229E, NL63, OC43, and HKU1) and their co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 in suspected cases of COVID-19 in two time periods before and after COVID-19 vaccination. Clinical nasopharyngeal swabs of 400 suspected cases of COVID-19 were tested for SARS-CoV-2 and seven common respiratory viruses by reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: Our results showed common respiratory viruses were detected only in 10% and 8% of SARS-CoV-2-positive samples before and after vaccination, respectively, in which there were not any significant differences between them (P-value = 0.14). Moreover, common viral respiratory infections were found only in 12% and 32% of SARS-CoV-2-negative specimens before and after vaccination, respectively, in which there was a significant difference between them (P-value = 0.041). Conclusions: Our data showed a low rate of co-infection of other respiratory viruses with SARS-CoV-2 at both durations, before and after COVID-19 vaccination. Moreover, the circulation of common respiratory viruses before the COVID-19 vaccination was lower, probably due to non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI), while virus activity (especially influenza virus A) was significantly increased after COVID-19 vaccination with reducing strict public health measures.","PeriodicalId":17803,"journal":{"name":"Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47069475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Microsatellite Length Polymorphism for Clinical Isolates of Candida albicans from Animals","authors":"F. Katiraee, Neda Kiasat, Anahita Kasmaie, Alireza Salimi, H. Shokri","doi":"10.5812/jjm-132587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jjm-132587","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Candida albicans has been shown as the most common species of Candida collected from different animals. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity and genetic relationships among C. albicans isolates collected from clinical specimens of animals suffering from candidiasis using microsatellite length polymorphism (MLP). Methods: We used MLP for a group of 60 C. albicans strains isolated from various animal species (dog: 16, cat: 10, horse: 10, cow: 14, chicken: 10), previously defined as animal clinical isolates. Three loci, including EF3, CDC3, and HIS3, were amplified, and the products ran onto an ABI XL 370 genetic analyzer, and fragment sizes were determined. Results: Of the 60 clinical strains illustrated, 49 different genotypes were identified with a discriminatory power index of 0.991. A total of 17 alleles and 26 different combinations were identified for EF3 locus, six alleles and 13 combinations for CDC3 locus, and 17 alleles and 27 combinations for HIS3 locus. The most common genotypes were GP9 (four strains) and GP1 and GP33 (three strains). Wright’s fixation index (FST) values were calculated to assess inter-group genetic diversity for all pairwise combinations of the five sub-populations of C. albicans isolated from the different animal hosts. The highest FST values related to C. albicans isolated from chicken to three sub-populations of cats (FST: 0.1397), cows (FST: 0.0639), and horses (FST: 0.0585). Conclusions: The results indicated a moderate genetic differentiation (0.05 < FST < 0.15) between C. albicans strains isolated from cats, cows, and horses as a mammal vs. chickens.","PeriodicalId":17803,"journal":{"name":"Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42787495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of KPC and VIM Genes in Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates from Blood Culture in Southern Anhui, China","authors":"Peng Zhang, Jie Li, Yangyan Wang, Fang Yang, Jianjun Qi, Chenlei Huang","doi":"10.5812/jjm-133705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jjm-133705","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the main pathogens of lower respiratory tract infections. Carbapenems are considered the last line of defense for the treatment of Gram-negative bacteria with multidrug resistance. In recent years, with the increase of bacteria producing carbapenemase, the resistance rate of carbapenems has increased gradually. Objectives: The main objective of this study was to detect the blaKPC and blaVIM genes in K. pneumoniae isolates from blood culture specimens. Methods: Within September 2020 to August 2022, 1033 bacterial strains were isolated from blood cultures in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui province, China, including 141 strains of K. pneumoniae. All K. pneumoniae strains were processed for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) using the minimum inhibitory concentration method. Meanwhile, the isolates were phenotypically identified for carbapenemase production by the colloidal gold method. Finally, the confirmed carbapenem enzyme phenotype was further verified for the production of blaKPC and blaVIM by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Regarding the rate of isolated strains in blood culture, positivity was 11.16% (1033/9255), and the proportion of K. pneumoniae was 13.65% (141/1033). Overall, according to AST results, 7.80% (11/141) of the isolates demonstrated resistance to carbapenems, such as ertapenem, imipenem, and meropenem; nevertheless, they showed sensitivity to colistin and ceftazidime/avibactam. Colloidal gold phenotypically confirmed 81.82% (9/11) of the isolates as carbapenemase producers. Subsequently, nine isolates’ strains were verified to be positive for blaKPC and blaVIM by PCR; the proportions of the blaKPC and blaVIM genes were 88.89% (8/9) and 11.11% (1/9), respectively. Conclusions: The identification of carbapenemase phenotype and genotype is helpful for the accurate understanding of drug resistance and management of the disease.","PeriodicalId":17803,"journal":{"name":"Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48634707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field Evaluation of Novel Combination Vaccines Against Foot and Mouth Disease Virus and Clostridium perfringens Toxoid Using Different Immunization Protocols","authors":"Arezou Araghi, M. Taghizadeh, Seyed Reza Hosseini Doust, A. Paradise, S. M. Azimi Dezfouli","doi":"10.5812/jjm-132415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jjm-132415","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Foot and mouth disease (FMD) and enterotoxaemia are serious livestock diseases. The livestock industry has suffered heavy economic losses, especially in developing countries. Objectives: These two diseases can be effectively controlled and prevented via vaccination. To prepare multivalent vaccines, Clostridium perfringens (B, C, and D) toxoids were mixed with foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV; type O) along with adjuvants aluminum hydroxide and Montanide ISA206. Methods: According to the guidelines of the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) and pharmacopeia, sheep were the target animals. Following the injection of vaccines, ELISA and virus neutralization test (VNT) antibody titers determined the effectiveness of the test vaccines. Results: The combination vaccine with ISA206 adjuvant resulted in anti-enterotoxaemia and anti-FMD antibody titers higher than OIE values and pharmacopeia standards. A statistically significant difference was found between the combination vaccine groups with and without Montanide ISA206 adjuvant for anti-enterotoxaemia antibody titers after the second vaccination (P < 0.05). In contrast, the mean VNT antibody titer of the combined vaccine against serotype O with ISA206 adjuvant was significantly higher than that of other FMD vaccine groups (P < 0.05). Moreover, all vaccinated groups (A, B, C, D, E, Fand G) displayed significantly higher than the negative control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: This study showed that enterotoxaemia-FMD combined vaccines could replace traditional livestock vaccines on an industrial scale.","PeriodicalId":17803,"journal":{"name":"Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48232317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Microbial Profiles of Paediatric Patients with Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia in China","authors":"Shu Li Wang, Jun Lin Wang, Shu Hong Sun, Hua Tao, Li Wang, Xing Wu, Mingjuan Han, Yong Yan","doi":"10.5812/jjm-132894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jjm-132894","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Staphylococcus aureus can cause fatal pneumonia. The evolution of bacteria and the overuse of antibiotics have enhanced the drug resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). Objectives: This study aimed to recapitulate the microbiological profile and clinical characteristics of paediatric patients with MRSA. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted to investigate 1372 paediatric patients with S. aureus pneumonia from January 2017 to December 2021. Sputum specimens were collected and processed for performing bacterial culture and drug sensitivity tests. Medical records of patients were reviewed for clinical characteristics and laboratory examination results. Results: The MRSA and MSSA pneumonia mainly occurred in infants; however, comparisons of sex, age, and sampling time between patients with MRSA and MSSA pneumonia showed no significant differences (P > 0.05). The results of drug sensitivity in sputum culture revealed that all MRSA and MSSA isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, tigecycline, linezolid, teicoplanin, and ceftaroline. Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus was completely sensitive to rifampicin and oxacillin. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was completely resistant to penicillin and oxacillin, while MSSA was less sensitive to penicillin. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and MSSA both maintained high sensitivity rates to gentamicin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin, with the exception of clindamycin and erythromycin. According to our results, moreover, the sensitivity of MRSA to gentamicin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim was significantly higher than that of MSSA (P < 0.05). The common symptoms of patients with S. aureus pneumonia were fever, cough, and wheezing. patients with MRSA pneumonia had significantly higher counts of white blood cells (WBCs), C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT) than patients with MSSA pneumonia (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of antimicrobial sensitivity test in sputum culture of MRSA and MSSA isolates can reflect the sensitivity of antibiotics and guide the use of clinical antibiotics. Infectious biomarkers can reflect the severity of infection and guide prognosis.","PeriodicalId":17803,"journal":{"name":"Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45880946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro Pharmacokinetics of LL-37 and Oncorhyncin II Combination Against Acinetobacter baumannii","authors":"Mozhdeh Safari, Robab Rafiei Tabatabaei, H. Abtahi, S. Fahimirad, A. Alimoradian","doi":"10.5812/jjm-131299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jjm-131299","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most common nosocomial pathogens. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been introduced as a viable alternative to antibiotics in the treatment of MDR pathogens. Objectives: This study was designed to assess the in vitro pharmacokinetics of the combination of two potent AMPs, LL-37 and oncorhyncin II, against A. baumannii (ATCC19606). Methods: The synthesized genes of oncorhyncin II and LL-37 were introduced into Escherichia coli BL21 as the expression host. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), time-kills, and growth kinetics of these peptides were used to evaluate their antimicrobial efficiencies against A. baumannii (ATCC19606). Results: LL-37 and oncorhyncin II recombinant peptides showed MIC of 30.6 and 95.87 µg/mL against A. baumannii, respectively. Additive action was confirmed by combining the generated AMPs at the checkerboard approach. The combination of LL-37 and oncorhyncin II at 2 × MIC resulted in a rapid drop in log10 CFU/mL of A. baumannii in the time-kill and growth kinetic findings studies. Conclusions: The combination of the produced LL-37 and oncorhyncin II synergizes the bioactivity of the individual peptides. Therefore, these peptides or their combinations might function as novel antibiotics and be used to develop and produce new antimicrobial drugs for the treatment of infections caused by A. baumannii.","PeriodicalId":17803,"journal":{"name":"Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48493807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology, Antifungal Susceptibility, and Risk Factors of Invasive Candidiasis in a Tertiary Hospital During a Four-Year Period","authors":"Çiğdem Arabacı, Serkan Aydemir, Kenan E. Ak, T. Dal","doi":"10.5812/jjm-132098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jjm-132098","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Candida infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Acquired resistance to antifungal agents and strains with intrinsic resistance makes it hard to manage the infection. Objectives: We aimed to examine the risk factors of candidemia associated with patient mortality, the species causing candidemia, and their antifungal susceptibility. Methods: Patient data were collected from medical records retrospectively. MALDI-TOF MS was used to identify Candida species. Antifungal susceptibility testing was conducted by the colorimetric broth microdilution method. Results: A total of 155 patients were included in the study. The incidences of candidemia were 0.92, 0.72, 0.99, 0.97, and 2.28 per 1,000 cases in 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. Candida albicans accounted for 45% of all cases, followed by C. parapsilosis complex (28%), C. tropicalis (10%), and C. glabrata (8%). The 30-day crude mortality was 45%. There was no significant difference in mortality between C. albicans and non-albicans yeast species. The susceptibility rates for anidulafungin, micafungin, caspofungin, voriconazole, and fluconazole were as follows: 97%, 97%, 97%, 97%, and 90% in C. albicans, 95%, 95%, 98%, 72%, and 67% in C. parapsilosis complex, and 100%, 100%, 100%, 38%, and 63% in C. tropicalis. The susceptibility rates for anidulafungin, micafungin, and caspofungin in C. glabrata were 100%, 100%, and 92%, respectively. All 12 C. glabrata strains were susceptible-dose-dependent against fluconazole and uninterpretable for voriconazole. Conclusions: Incidences of candidemia and susceptibility patterns of strains may vary over time and amongst the regions. Candida albicans was the predominant strain, and echinocandins demonstrated the highest susceptibility rates against the most common species isolated in this study. Antifungal susceptibility tests are crucial in guiding patient treatment.","PeriodicalId":17803,"journal":{"name":"Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47631715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}