Journal of Viral Hepatitis最新文献

{"title":"Long-Term Outcome of Chronic Hepatitis B—Histological Score and Viral Genotype Are Important Predictors of Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"Anders Eilard,&nbsp;Johan Ringlander,&nbsp;Maria E. Andersson,&nbsp;Staffan Nilsson,&nbsp;Gunnar Norkrans,&nbsp;Magnus Lindh","doi":"10.1111/jvh.70008","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Current guidelines to prevent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are based on risk assessments that include age, sex, and virological and biochemical parameters. The study aim was to investigate the impact of predictive markers on long-term outcomes. The clinical outcomes of 100 patients with chronic hepatitis B were investigated 30 years after a baseline assessment that included liver biopsy. A favourable outcome—HBsAg loss or HBeAg-negative infection (ENI; previously termed ‘inactive carrier’)—was observed in 74% of all patients, whereas 7% developed HCC. HBsAg loss was observed in 75% of patients with genotype A, compared with 42%, 33% and 0% with genotypes D, B and C, respectively (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). HCC developed in 3 patients (33%) with genotype C as compared with 3 (17%), 1 (2%) and 0 patients with genotypes B, D and A, respectively (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). In multiple logistic regression analysis, both HBsAg loss and HCC were associated with HBV genotype and baseline HBV DNA level, and HCC also with histological score. The results suggest that genotyping and histological assessment may improve outcome prediction and help decisions about HCC screening, particularly in populations with HBV-infected individuals of mixed geographic origin.</p>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11777188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigenetic Modifications in HBV-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"Xiaoqing Tan,&nbsp;Linting Xun,&nbsp;Qi Yin,&nbsp;Chaohui Chen,&nbsp;Tao Zhang,&nbsp;Tao Shen","doi":"10.1111/jvh.14044","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.14044","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the main pathogen for HCC development. HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) forms extra-host chromatin-like minichromosomes in the nucleus of hepatocytes with host histones, non-histones, HBV X protein (HBx) and HBV core protein (HBc). Epigenetic alterations are dynamic and reversible, which regulate gene expression without altering the DNA sequence and play a pivotal role in the regulation of HCC onset and progression. The aim of this review is to elucidate the deregulation of epigenetic mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of HBV-related HCC (HBV-HCC), including post-translational histone and non-histone modifications, DNA hypermethylation and hypomethylation, non-coding RNA modification on HBV cccDNA minichromosomes and host factors, effecting the replication/transcription of HBV cccDNA and transcription/translation of host genes, and thus HBV-HCC progression. It is expected that the epigenetic regulation perspective provides new ways for more in-depth development of therapeutic control of HBV-HCC.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Effects of Direct-Acting Antivirals on Hepatitis C: Trends in Liver Disease–Related Hospitalisations in Italy","authors":"Francesco Saverio Mennini,&nbsp;Paolo Sciattella,&nbsp;Claudia Simonelli,&nbsp;Andrea Marcellusi,&nbsp;Stefano Rosato,&nbsp;Loreta A. Kondili","doi":"10.1111/jvh.14061","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.14061","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) on hepatitis C virus (HCV) hospitalisation trends in Italy, the country with not only the highest burden of HCV-related disease but also the highest number of patients treated for chronic HCV infection in Europe. Incident hospital discharge records in Italy from 2012 to 2019 that included a liver cirrhosis diagnosis without mention of alcohol, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), HCV and liver cirrhosis without mention of alcohol and/or HCC, cirrhosis with mention of alcohol, as defined by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9-CM) were reviewed. An interrupted time series analysis compared the incidence of cirrhosis and HCC before and after the introduction of DAAs (Year 2015). Overall, non-alcoholic cirrhosis significantly decreased after the introduction of DAAs (<i>β</i>₃ = 0.03) and for those 40–59 years of age (<i>β</i>₃ = 0.025). HCV with cirrhosis and/or HCC significantly reduced overall for those aged 40–59 and older than 60 (<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>β</mi>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <mo>=</mo>\u0000 <mn>0.002</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ {beta}_3=0.002 $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>). HCC-related hospitalisation rates significantly decreased in patients younger than 60 (<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>β</mi>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <mo>=</mo>\u0000 <mn>0.03</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ {beta}_3=0.03 $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>). Cirrhosis-related hospitalisations with mention of alcohol did not differ during the study period before and after the year 2015 (<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>β</mi>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <mo>=</mo>\u0000 <mn>0.4</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ {beta}_3=0.4 $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>). There was a significant reduction in HCV-related hospitalisations throughout Italy after introducing DAAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11771735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of MASLD Phenotypes With Liver Fibrosis in Hepatitis C: The Role of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors","authors":"Wesal Elgretli,&nbsp;Mohamed Shengir,&nbsp;Solomon Sasson,&nbsp;Agnihotram V. Ramanakumar,&nbsp;Felice Cinque,&nbsp;Luz Esther Ramos Ballestreros,&nbsp;Marc Deschenes,&nbsp;Phil Wong,&nbsp;Tianyan Chen,&nbsp;Nadine Kronfli,&nbsp;Sahar Saeed,&nbsp;Alexa Keeshan,&nbsp;Saniya Tandon,&nbsp;Curtis Cooper,&nbsp;Giada Sebastiani","doi":"10.1111/jvh.70004","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Steatotic liver disease is prevalent among people with hepatitis C virus (HCV). The new definition of metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) emphasises the metabolic drivers of steatosis and recognises its frequent coexistence with other chronic liver diseases, including HCV. We aimed to evaluate the association of coexisting MASLD and HCV with liver fibrosis. Individuals with HCV who underwent transient elastography (TE) with associated controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) were included from two clinical centres. MASLD and significant liver fibrosis were defined as the presence of steatosis (CAP ≥ 275 dB/m) with at least one cardiometabolic risk factor, and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) ≥ 7.1 kPa measured by TE, respectively. Associated cofactors of significant liver fibrosis were determined using stepwise regression and cross-validation by LASSO models to select confounders. Among 590 participants, 31% were diagnosed with MASLD. The prevalence of significant liver fibrosis was the highest among people with MASLD (58%) followed by HCV-related steatosis (45%) and the non-steatosis group (39%). After adjusting for potential confounders, MASLD was associated with significant liver fibrosis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07–4.87). Furthermore, specific MASLD phenotypes including diabetes, hypertension and overweight were associated with significant liver fibrosis, with aORs of 4.76 (95% CI 2.16–10.49), 3.44 (95% CI 1.77–6.68) and 2.54 (95% CI 1.27–5.07), respectively. In conclusion, MASLD is associated with liver fibrosis in people with HCV, specifically the diabetes, overweight and hypertensive phenotypes. Beyond pursuing a virological cure, healthcare providers should prioritise managing metabolic conditions, particularly diabetes, hypertension and obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11771651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe Liver-Related Outcomes in Patients With Hepatitis Delta: Results From a Multi-Ethnic Multicenter Long-Term Follow-Up Study","authors":"Arno Furquim d’Almeida,&nbsp;Erwin Ho,&nbsp;Liesbeth Govaerts,&nbsp;Peter Michielsen,&nbsp;Thomas Sersté,&nbsp;Stefan Bourgeois,&nbsp;Jean Delwaide,&nbsp;Christophe Moreno,&nbsp;Hans Orlent,&nbsp;Hans Van Vlierberghe,&nbsp;Chantal de Galocsy,&nbsp;Michael Peeters,&nbsp;Elizaveta Padalko,&nbsp;Steven Van Gucht,&nbsp;Thomas Vanwolleghem","doi":"10.1111/jvh.14060","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.14060","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV)–hepatitis delta virus (HDV) coinfection is the most severe form of chronic viral hepatitis, but the factors that determine disease progression and severity are incompletely characterised. This long-term follow-up study aims to identify risk factors for severe liver-related outcomes. In this multicentre national cohort study, data from admission until the last visit between 2001 and 2023 was retrospectively collected from 162 HBV-HDV coinfected patients. The inclusion criteria were HBsAg or HBV DNA positivity, anti-HDV or HDV RNA positivity, and at least one follow-up visit. The median follow-up was 6.2 years (IQR 3.3–10.2). At baseline, 68/152 (44.7%) patients were diagnosed with advanced liver fibrosis. Forty patients (24.7%) had at least one severe liver-related outcome during follow-up. HDV viremia was detectable in 92 patients (64.3%) at last evaluation and was more frequently detectable in patients of European origin (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). HDV RNA-positive patients had a 4.7-fold higher risk for severe liver-related outcomes (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and were more frequently diagnosed with advanced fibrosis at baseline (<i>p</i> = 0.007) compared to HDV RNA-negative patients. Multivariate analyses identified HDV RNA positivity, as well as several markers for liver disease severity, such as INR, platelet count, and advanced fibrosis at baseline, and age at admission as independent risk factors for severe liver-related outcomes. In conclusion, almost one in four HBV-HDV coinfected patients developed a severe liver-related outcome during follow-up. Several markers for liver disease severity and HDV RNA positivity were the strongest predictors for outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756033/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143023794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Australian Community Pharmacists' Preparedness to Offer and Discuss Hepatitis C Testing and Treatment With Pharmacy Clients: A Representative Cross-Sectional Survey","authors":"Elissa Ong,&nbsp;Ting Xia,&nbsp;Rose Laing,&nbsp;Jacqueline A. Richmond,&nbsp;Peter Higgs,&nbsp;Mark Hayes,&nbsp;Joseph S. Doyle,&nbsp;Suzanne Nielsen,&nbsp;Louisa Picco","doi":"10.1111/jvh.70001","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The World Health Organisation (WHO) has set goals to eliminate hepatitis C (HCV) as a global health threat by 2030. To meet this goal, Australia must increase testing and diagnosis, including expanding access to care through community pharmacists. This study aims to explore community pharmacists' preparedness to discuss and offer HCV testing and treatment. Australian community pharmacists from four states completed an online anonymous quantitative survey between August and October 2023. Pharmacists were asked about their experiences of, comfort discussing and willingness to host outreach HCV testing or treatment. Predictors of each outcome were examined using logistic regression. In total, 530 pharmacists participated in the study. One in five pharmacists stocked HCV medications (22%), half (48%) were willing/somewhat willing to host an outreach HCV testing and treatment team, while 36% strongly agreed/agreed they were comfortable discussing HCV testing and treatment. Willingness to host an outreach HCV team was associated with pharmacists working in rural/remote settings (95% CI: 1.04–2.35, <i>p</i> = 0.032), providing opioid agonist treatment (95% CI: 1.16–2.49, <i>p</i> = 0.006) and comfort discussing overdose prevention (95% CI: 1.31–2.80, <i>p</i> = 0.001). Pharmacists with ≥ 15 years' experience (95% CI: 0.44–0.94, <i>p</i> = 0.022) were less willing to host outreach HCV testing. Females were significantly less comfortable discussing HCV testing (95% CI: 0.45–0.98, <i>p</i> = 0.039) compared to males. This is the first Australian study to explore community pharmacists' preparedness to discuss and offer HCV testing and treatment. In light of research showing that community pharmacy models of care can help meet HCV elimination targets, ongoing engagement with pharmacists is needed to increase their preparedness to provide this care.</p>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11749486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Immunity and Anamnestic Response Following Hepatitis B Vaccination: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Hannah Ramrakhiani,&nbsp;Michael H. Le,&nbsp;Leslie Kam,&nbsp;Brian Nguyen,&nbsp;Yee Hui Yeo,&nbsp;Charles R. Levesley,&nbsp;Surya Gudapati,&nbsp;Scott Barnett,&nbsp;Ramsey Cheung,&nbsp;Mindie H. Nguyen","doi":"10.1111/jvh.70003","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using a systematic review and meta-analytic approach, this study determined the durability of HBV immunity and the prevalence of anamnestic response to a booster HBV vaccine dose in individuals previously vaccinated with a 3-dose HBV vaccine series as children or adolescents. Two researchers independently searched PubMed, Embase and Cochrane from inception to 6/1/2023 and performed data extraction. Studies that included individuals with significant comorbidities or &lt; 5 years of follow-up were excluded. Of 2517 potential studies, we analysed 91 eligible studies (193,359 individuals from 208 cohorts [some studies provided data for more than one cohort]). Median age at vaccination was 0 years (range: 0–20.00). After a median follow-up of 10.15 years (range: 5–35), 63.2% (95% CI: 59.3–67.0) retained HBV immunity. HBV immunity declined by 6.62% per follow-up year (Ptrend &lt; 0.0001). In meta-regression adjusting for vaccine type, follow-up time and geographic location, age at vaccination was significantly associated with retaining HBV immunity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.12 per year, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). Anamnestic response rate (44 studies, 66 cohorts, 29,040 patients) was 90.34% (95% CI: 86.84–92.98), with highest rates in Europe and Asia, but only study setting (clinical versus community-based: aOR 2.21, <i>p</i> = 0.034) was an independent factor. HBV immunity prevalence was about 60% after 10 years following childhood vaccination. Anamnestic response rate was about 90% and varied by study setting. Testing for immunity should be considered in individuals with high exposure risk and distant vaccination history with booster as needed.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Hepatitis B Screening During Pregnancy: A Study on Diagnostic Accuracy and Infection Control in Nigeria","authors":"Chinomso Joel Ukagebu,&nbsp;Jude Oluwapelumi Alao,&nbsp;Favour Oluwadara Bamigboye,&nbsp;Joel Chimezie Ukaegbu,&nbsp;Elijah Kolawole Oladipo","doi":"10.1111/jvh.70002","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a critical public health issue in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), particularly among pregnant women in Nigeria. Routine screening using rapid diagnostic kits is common in antenatal care, yet the accuracy of these tests can vary. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalencwe of HBV among pregnant women who had previously undergone screening using rapid diagnostic kits at Obafemi Awolowo Teaching Hospital, Ilesa, Osun State, Nigeria, to assess the effectiveness of initial screening and identify any missed cases. A cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 263 pregnant women. Blood samples were tested for HBV markers (HBsAg, HBsAb, and HBcAb) using ELISA. Sociodemographic data and potential risk factors were also analysed. The study found that 7.6% of women were HBsAg positive, indicating active HBV infection, and 49.6% were susceptible to HBV. There was a significant association between higher education levels and HBV seropositivity. Employment status also correlated with HBV prevalence, with self-employed women showing higher seroprevalence. Additionally, a history of blood transfusions was linked to higher HBV seropositivity. The findings highlight the limitations of rapid diagnostic kits in detecting HBV and underscore the need for enhanced infection prevention and control measures, including confirmatory testing, robust vaccination programmes and safe delivery practices to reduce HBV transmission in high-burden regions like Nigeria.</p>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11744738/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DAA-PASS: A Prospective Evaluation of HCC Recurrence After Direct Acting Antiviral Therapy","authors":"Amit G. Singal,&nbsp;K. Rajender Reddy,&nbsp;Massimo Colombo,&nbsp;Heather L. Morris,&nbsp;Andrea R. Mospan,&nbsp;Roniel Cabrera,&nbsp;Robin K. Kelley,&nbsp;Ryan D. Kilpatrick,&nbsp;Franco Trevisani,&nbsp;Fabio Farinati,&nbsp;Edoardo G. Giannini,&nbsp;Neil Mehta,&nbsp;Michael W. Fried,&nbsp;Bruno Sangro,&nbsp;the DAA-PASS and ITA.LI.CA Investigators","doi":"10.1111/jvh.14056","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.14056","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy is associated with a significant reduction in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence among patients with cirrhosis, but data are conflicting about the risk of recurrence following DAA therapy. DAA-PASS was a prospective, pragmatic, observational study designed to estimate the risk of HCC recurrence associated with DAA therapy exposure during routine clinical care. Eligible patients were DAA treatment naive with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage A. Patients were followed at regular intervals for up to 24 months. To provide additional data, outcomes were compared to the Italian Liver Cancer Group (ITA.LI.CA) cohort. Of 42 patients enrolled, 24 were treated with DAA therapy. Ten HCC recurrence events were observed during the study, with 5 each in DAA-treated and DAA-untreated patients (cumulative incidences of 23 and 37 per 100 PY, respectively). The overall crude hazard ratio (HR) for HCC recurrence associated with DAA therapy was 0.6 (95% CI, 0.2–2.2). In the ITA.LI.CA cohort, HCC recurrence was observed in 193 patients during 24 months of follow-up, resulting in a cumulative incidence rate of 28 per 100 PY. Although limited by small sample size, this prospective study suggests DAA therapy is not associated with increased HCC recurrence risk among patients with a history of complete response to prior HCC therapy.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunotherapy Using HBV Vaccine Pulsed DCs and Induced T-Cells Combined Antiviral Drugs in Treatment Naive CHB Patients-A Multi-Centre Phase II Study","authors":"Yurong Gu,&nbsp;Lin Gu,&nbsp;Lubiao Chen,&nbsp;Jing Li,&nbsp;Chunhong Liao,&nbsp;Yanhua Bi,&nbsp;Zexuan Huang,&nbsp;Wei Cai,&nbsp;Jia Wei,&nbsp;Yuehua Huang","doi":"10.1111/jvh.14045","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.14045","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dendritic cells are the most potent antigen-presenting cells in immune therapeutic approaches for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. Here, we developed a clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of autologous HBV vaccine-pulsed DCs and their induced T cells (HPDCT) in CHB patients. This was a randomised, prospective, open-label, multicentre, superiority study and 309 treatment-naive CHB patients were divided into HPDCT plus nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) group (<i>n</i> = 84), NAs mono-therapy group (<i>n</i> = 82), HPDCT plus Peg-interferon (Peg-IFN) group (<i>n</i> = 69), Peg-IFN mono-therapy group (<i>n</i> = 74). Twelve times of HPDCT vaccinations were given intravenously, and all the patients were followed up for 72 weeks. In total, 1836 HPDCT infusions were administered with no obvious toxicity and side effect although few patients had self-limited low fever. More patients got HBsAg loss in those receiving HPDCT therapy. Patients of HPDCT plus Peg-IFN group with HBV DNA &lt; 1 × 10⁷ IU/mL at baseline exhibited earlier, stronger and longer lasting of viral response, especially HBV DNA &lt; 20 IU/mL, than those patients of Peg-IFN mono-therapy group, from week 24 till week 72 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Comparable efficacy was observed between the patients of HPDCT plus NAs group and NAs mono-therapy groups. In addition, CD25 on CD8⁺ T cells and HBV-specific CD8⁺ T cell increased significantly in patients of HPDCT combined antiviral drugs therapy. HPDCT combined with antiviral drugs was safe and able to enhance T cell immunity. Furthermore, HPDCT combined with Peg-IFN could provide an incremental benefit to patients with baseline levels of lower HBV DNA.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Trial Registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01935635</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}