Journal of Viral Hepatitis最新文献

{"title":"Prognosis of Acute HEV Infection in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis: A Retrospective Study of 628 Chinese Patients.","authors":"Wen An, Mengqi Li, Jing Luo, Zhe Yu, Hongshan Wei","doi":"10.1111/jvh.14018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvh.14018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute hepatitis E virus infection is a serious global health problem, which a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was to characterise the clinical features and therapeutic response of patients with acute HEV infection and identify risk factors for poor prognosis. In a retrospective study from 01 January 2014 to 01 Januray 2022, we collected baseline data from all patients eligible for acute hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection and followed up with all patients via interviews and medical records. We explored the clinical feature of Chinese patients with acute HEV infection. The follow-up data of patients were used to identify risk factors for poor prognosis. In total, 628 acute hepatitis E (AHE) patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and did not meet the exclusion criteria. Among them, 452 were males and 176 were females (M:F = 2.57:1). The median age at diagnosis was 57.0 years (interquartile range: 46-64 years). The median baseline serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and total bilirubin (TBIL) were elevated in this cohort (642.3 U/L, 216.2 U/L, 104.1 μmol/L, respectively). The median hospitalisation duration was 16 days. Compared with patients without other liver diseases, patients with liver cirrhosis show lower baseline ALT and AST level, poorer coagulation indices and higher MELD scores. According to multivariate analysis, liver cirrhosis, high MELD score, low albumin concentration was found to be independent predictors of poor prognosis in patients with AHE. Our study used a lager sample size to validate that some demographic and serological features were quite different between patients with/without CLDs. Liver cirrhosis was a significant independent predictor of poor prognosis in acute HEV hepatitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142391575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harm Minimisation and Other Preventative Measures Must Improve to Reduce Transmission of Hepatitis C in Prisons.","authors":"Naw April Phaw, Danielle Rayner, Amy Johnson, Craig Thompson, Stuart McPherson","doi":"10.1111/jvh.14017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvh.14017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Low-Level Viraemia Suggest Hindered Liver Fibrosis Regression in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients During Antiviral Therapy.","authors":"Zhengzhao Lu, Ya-Meng Sun, Shuyan Chen, Tongtong Meng, Bingqiong Wang, Jialing Zhou, Xiaoning Wu, Xinyan Zhao, Xiaojuan Ou, Yuan-Yuan Kong, Jidong Jia, Xinyu Zhao, Hong You","doi":"10.1111/jvh.14012","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.14012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low-level viraemia (LLV) occurs in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients despite antiviral treatment, which may cause failed histological regression. Our study aimed to investigate the impact of different LLV types on fibrosis regression. The prospective study enrolled CHB patients with paired liver biopsies before and after 260 weeks of entecavir treatment. Fibrosis regression was defined by the Ishak score or P-I-R system. Patients were grouped as the SVR (HBV DNA < 20 IU/mL persistently) or LLV (HBV DNA between 20 and 2000 IU/mL), which were further grouped as very low-level viraemia (VLLV, HBV DNA < 50 IU/mL), occasionally LLV (OLLV, HBV DNA ≥ 50 IU/mL only once) and multiple LLV (MLLV, HBV DNA ≥ 50 IU/mL more than once). Logistic regression models were used to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The analysis included 111 CHB patients. In the SVR group (n = 54), 39 (72.2%) patients had fibrosis regression, which was higher than the LLV (56.1%, p = 0.080). The fibrosis regression rates for VLLV (30 patients), OLLV (17 patients) and MLLV (10 patients) were 70.0%, 52.9% and 30.0%, respectively. Compared with SVR, VLLV (aOR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.28-2.21; p = 0.644) was not associated with fibrosis regression, but patients with non-VLLV (aOR = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.09-0.85; p = 0.025), especially with MLLV (aOR = 0.19; 95% CI: 0.04-0.97; p = 0.046) is significantly associated with hindered fibrosis regression. Our study suggests that patients with detectable serum HBV DNA levels higher than 50 IU/mL need to be monitored carefully, especially in those with more than once. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers NCT01938781 and NCT01938820.</p>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply: Regarding the Predictive Role of CXCL16 in Liver Inflammation in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients.","authors":"Yawen Wan, Shengxia Yin, Chao Wu","doi":"10.1111/jvh.13996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvh.13996","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142375647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in the Detection, Diagnosing and Treatment of Hepatitis B Among Females.","authors":"Osman Cagin Buldukoglu, Serkan Ocal, Ayhan Hilmi Cekin","doi":"10.1111/jvh.14013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvh.14013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142375646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Liver Enzyme Elevation After Hepatitis C Virologic Cure.","authors":"Helen L Zhang, Hayley Nemeth, E Wilbur Woodhouse, Clemontina A Davenport, Cliburn Chan, Nwora Lance Okeke, Susanna Naggie","doi":"10.1111/jvh.14009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvh.14009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A subset of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection demonstrate liver enzyme elevation (LEE) after achieving sustained virologic response (SVR). Risk factors for LEE are not well characterised. We conducted a single-centre retrospective cohort study of adults with HCV infection in the Duke University Health System who received direct-acting antiviral therapy and achieved SVR. We performed multivariable logistic regression to assess the relationship between potential risk factors and LEE. We used generalised linear mixed-effects models to explore longitudinal relationships between HIV and LEE. Among 1356 patients, 556 (41.0%) had LEE after achieving SVR. Higher pretreatment alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.08 per 10 IU/L increase; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-1.11) and pretreatment cirrhosis (aOR 2.26, 95% CI 1.60-3.21) were associated with higher odds of LEE; male sex was associated with lower odds of LEE (aOR 0.28, 95% CI 0.21-0.38). There was insufficient evidence of an association between HIV and LEE (aOR 0.83, 95% CI 0.47-1.44). Pretreatment ALT, cirrhosis and female sex predicted LEE in this cohort of patients with HCV infection who achieved SVR. These findings can help to identify patients at greatest risk of post-SVR liver injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142365692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"United States Provider Experiences With Telemedicine for Hepatitis C Treatment: A Nationwide Survey.","authors":"Pruthvi Patel, Martin T Wells, Elaine Wethington, Martin Shapiro, Yasir Parvez, Shashi N Kapadia, Andrew H Talal","doi":"10.1111/jvh.14010","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.14010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination requires treatment access expansion, especially for underserved populations. Telehealth has the potential to improve HCV treatment access, although data are limited on its incorporation into standard clinical practice. We conducted a cross-sectional, email survey of 598 US HCV treatment providers who had valid email addresses and (1) were located in urban areas and had written ≥ 20 prescriptions for HCV treatment to US Medicare beneficiaries in 2019-2020 or (2) were located in non-urban areas and wrote any HCV prescriptions in 2019-2020. Through email, we notified providers of a self-administered electronic 28-item survey of clinical strategies and attitudes about telemedicine for HCV. We received 86 responses (14% response rate), of which 75 used telemedicine for HCV in 2022. Of those 75, 24% were gastroenterologists/hepatologists, 23% general medicine, 17% infectious diseases and 32% non-physicians. Most (82%) referred patients to commercial laboratories, and 85% had medications delivered directly to patients. Overwhelmingly, respondents (92%) felt that telehealth increases healthcare access, and 76% reported that it promotes or is neutral for treatment completion. Factors believed to be 'extremely' or 'very' important for telehealth use included patient access to technology (86%); patients' internet access (74%); laboratory access (76%); reimbursement for video visits (74%) and audio-only visits (66%). Non-physician licensing and liability statutes were rated 'extremely' or 'very' important by 43% and 44%, respectively. Providers felt that telehealth increases HCV treatment access. Major limitations were technological requirements, reimbursement, and access to ancillary services. These findings support the importance of digital equity and literacy to achieve HCV elimination goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunogenicity of a Birth Dose of Hepatitis B Vaccine in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo: A Randomised, Controlled Trial.","authors":"Samantha E Tulenko, Patrick Ngimbi, Kashamuka Mwandagalirwa, Martine Tabala, Jolie Matondo, Sarah Ntambua, Nana Mbonze, Charles Mbendi, Christophe Luhata, Ravi Jhaveri, Jessie K Edwards, Sylvia Becker-Dreps, Ann M Moormann, Didine Kaba, Marcel Yotebieng, Jonathan B Parr, Emily W Gower, Peyton Thompson","doi":"10.1111/jvh.14003","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.14003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The WHO recommends hepatitis B birth-dose vaccination (HepB-BD), but it is not routinely given in most sub-Saharan African countries. We aimed to assess the immunogenicity of HepB-BD in addition to the existing hepatitis B vaccine (HepB3) schedule in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo among HBV-unexposed and HBV-exposed infants. Using an open-label, randomised, controlled design, HBV-unexposed infants were randomised (1:1) to receive the standard HepB3 vaccine series (group U3), or to receive HepB-BD in addition to HepB3 (group U4). A supplemental cohort of HBV-exposed infants (group E4) received HepB-BD and HepB3. We compared the proportion of infants with protective antibodies against HBV (HBV surface antibody ≥ 10 mIU/mL) between groups U3 and U4 and groups U4 and E4 at 12 months of age. Between August 20 and October 9, 2019, we enrolled 281 mother/infant dyads; 88 (31.3%) returned at 12 months. Most infants had protective antibodies against HBV at 12 months: 92.9% (75.7%-98.2%) in group U3, 85.7% (67.5%-94.5%) in group U4 and 96.9% (95% CI: 81.2%-99.6%) in group E4. Trends held in estimates adjusted for loss-to-follow-up (LTFU) and baseline imbalance across groups. In this first randomised trial assessing the addition of HepB-BD to the hepatitis B vaccine schedule in SSA, we found that HBV-unexposed infants who received the 3-dose and 4-dose vaccine series had similar immunogenicity against HBV at 12 months. A high proportion of infants, and notably HBV-exposed infants, had protective antibodies. Though extrapolation of findings may be limited by LTFU, this study adds real-world evidence regarding HepB-BD implementation in sub-Saharan Africa. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03897946.</p>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives of People Living With Chronic Hepatitis D: Impact of Disease and Unmet Needs Along the Care Cascade","authors":"Beatrice Zovich, Poonum Patel, Thomas Tu, Su Wang, Darlene Jubah, Jamie Zagorski","doi":"10.1111/jvh.14005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvh.14005","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis D virus leads to a severe form of viral hepatitis and affects nearly 5% of people living with chronic hepatitis B. Chronic infection with hepatitis D virus leads to more rapid progression to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and ultimately liver disease‐related death compared with hepatitis B monoinfection. Health outcomes and treatment adherence can be affected by patient perception of, engagement in, and satisfaction with care. Our objective was to better understand the experiences of people with chronic hepatitis D, identify their preferred sources of information, and recognise unmet needs from their perspectives. Sixty‐seven participants from the United States and the European Union took part in monthly, online, self‐guided surveys for a minimum of 3 months with an optional extension. Participants reported feeling anxious and scared at the time of diagnosis but over time came to accept living with chronic hepatitis D. They voiced a need for access to information from trusted sources, fewer barriers to care, and shorter wait times for provider visits and test results after diagnosis. Participants experienced both physical and psychological strain living with chronic hepatitis D. Although most participants reported the ability to continue their regular activities and employment, some stated such activities were done at a reduced pace. Self‐reported overall health appeared to be closely linked with emotional support. Understanding patient perspectives, with concurrent clinician perspectives, is crucial when working toward developing solutions to fulfil unmet patient needs associated with chronic hepatitis D management and advancing health equity.","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142263788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower Serum Albumin Level: A Prospective Risk Predictor of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection.","authors":"Yusheng Song, Haiyan Chen, Jinlong Li, Feifei Zhong, Yunbing Liu, Hui Liu, Shaogui Wan","doi":"10.1111/jvh.14008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvh.14008","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumours in China, at high annual incidence and mortality. Chronic hepatitis B virus infection (CHB) is considered as a leading cause to bring about HCC in China. Serum albumin (ALB) level has been adopted to verify its risk with HCC development as a combination variable with other factors. However, the predictive value of a single ALB level on HBV-related HCC risk remained unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prediction ability of serum ALB concentration on the risk of HBV-related HCC development. A prospectively enrolled clinical cohort compromising 2932 cases of CHB patients with at least 1-year exclusion window was selected to explore the predictive role of serum ALB level on incident HCC risk. Baseline clinical data including host characters and laboratory test were collected at the initial period of hospitalisation. The hazard ratio of ALB level associated with HCC development was assessed by Cox proportional hazards regression model using univariate and multivariate analyses. We evaluated the discrimination accuracy of ALB level in predicting HCC development by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Dose-dependent and time-dependent effects of ALB level on HCC risk prediction were demonstrated, respectively, using a restricted cubic spline and a Fine and Grey competing risk model. Referred to patients with higher ALB level, those with lower ALB level exhibited significantly increased risk of HCC development after adjustment for host variables (dichotomised analyses: hazard ratio = 3.12, 95% confidence interval 1.63-5.97, p = 8.23 × 10&lt;sup&gt;-4&lt;/sup&gt;, p&lt;sub&gt;log-rank&lt;/sub&gt; = 5.97 × 10&lt;sup&gt;-4&lt;/sup&gt;; tertile analyses: hazard ratio = 2.07, 95% confidence interval 1.63-2.64, p = 3.77 × 10&lt;sup&gt;-9&lt;/sup&gt;, p&lt;sub&gt;log-rank&lt;/sub&gt; &lt; 2.00 × 10&lt;sup&gt;-16&lt;/sup&gt;; quartile analyses: hazard ratio = 2.10, 95% confidence interval 1.56-2.84, p = 9.87 × 10&lt;sup&gt;-7&lt;/sup&gt;, p&lt;sub&gt;log-rank&lt;/sub&gt; &lt; 2.00 × 10&lt;sup&gt;-16&lt;/sup&gt;). There was a statistically increasing trend on HCC risk which was found following by the decrease of ALB level (p&lt;sub&gt;trend&lt;/sub&gt; &lt; 0.0001). Similar findings were present by the Kaplan-Meier analysis, cumulative incidences of HCC development were significantly higher in patients with lower ALB levels, with the p value obtained from log-rank test were all &lt; 0.0001. The result of dose-dependent effect showed hazard ratio (HR) value of HCC risk was gradually decreasing as the increasing of ALB level, with non-linear correlation being statistically significant (Wald χ&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 20.59, p = 0.000). HR value in lower ALB level remained persistently prominent by fluctuating around 2.73 in the whole follow-up time by adjusting for host variables. Sub-cohort analysis by ROC revealed that the discrimination ability of the ALB model was performed better than Child-Pugh (C-P) model in both cohort of patients with 1-year (area under curve [AUC] 0.762 vs. 0.720) and 2-yea","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142290279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}