Journal of Viral Hepatitis最新文献

{"title":"Liver Enzyme Elevation After Hepatitis C Virus Cure: Is There a Sex Effect? (ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH Cohort)","authors":"Tangui Barré, Clémence Ramier, Karine Ory, Tounes Saidi, Philippe Sogni, Fabien Zoulim, Morgane Bureau-Stoltmann, Camelia Protopopescu, Fabienne Marcellin, Patrizia Carrieri, the ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH Study Group","doi":"10.1111/jvh.70007","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.70007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baseline Alpha-Fetoprotein Elevation and the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chronic Hepatitis B: A Multicentre Cohort Study","authors":"ChulHyoung Park,&nbsp;Gyubeom Hwang,&nbsp;Won-Mook Choi,&nbsp;Ji Eun Han,&nbsp;Chungsoo Kim,&nbsp;Dong Yun Lee,&nbsp;Subin Heo,&nbsp;Rae Woong Park","doi":"10.1111/jvh.70006","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level and its changes in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) may influence the risk of future hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aims to evaluate the HCC risk in CHB patients with no overt HCC but with elevated AFP level and to explore the prognostic role of longitudinal changes in AFP and liver-related laboratory values. This multicentre cohort study included 10,639 CHB patients without a history of HCC from seven medical facilities in South Korea. Patients with a baseline serum AFP test and no HCC diagnosis on imaging within 3 months were included. Patients were categorised into high-AFP (≥ 10 ng/mL) and normal-AFP (&lt; 10 ng/mL) groups. The primary outcome was the incidence of HCC within 2 years, with secondary outcomes focused on longitudinal changes in AFP and liver-related laboratory values. Propensity score matching (PSM) and Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess HCC risk. After 1:4 PSM, 1278 high-AFP and 3731 normal-AFP patients were analysed. The high-AFP group had a significantly higher 2-year incidence of HCC (HR: 4.29; 95% CI: 3.31–5.57). AFP levels increased in patients who developed HCC in both groups (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Among the high-AFP group, patients who did not develop HCC had elevated baseline alanine aminotransferase levels (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), which decreased during follow-up (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) unlike those who developed HCC. In conclusion, baseline AFP elevation in CHB patients is associated with an increased risk of developing HCC within 2 years. Longitudinal monitoring of AFP and liver-related laboratory values can help in risk stratification.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Outcome of Chronic Hepatitis B—Histological Score and Viral Genotype Are Important Predictors of Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"Anders Eilard,&nbsp;Johan Ringlander,&nbsp;Maria E. Andersson,&nbsp;Staffan Nilsson,&nbsp;Gunnar Norkrans,&nbsp;Magnus Lindh","doi":"10.1111/jvh.70008","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Current guidelines to prevent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are based on risk assessments that include age, sex, and virological and biochemical parameters. The study aim was to investigate the impact of predictive markers on long-term outcomes. The clinical outcomes of 100 patients with chronic hepatitis B were investigated 30 years after a baseline assessment that included liver biopsy. A favourable outcome—HBsAg loss or HBeAg-negative infection (ENI; previously termed ‘inactive carrier’)—was observed in 74% of all patients, whereas 7% developed HCC. HBsAg loss was observed in 75% of patients with genotype A, compared with 42%, 33% and 0% with genotypes D, B and C, respectively (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). HCC developed in 3 patients (33%) with genotype C as compared with 3 (17%), 1 (2%) and 0 patients with genotypes B, D and A, respectively (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). In multiple logistic regression analysis, both HBsAg loss and HCC were associated with HBV genotype and baseline HBV DNA level, and HCC also with histological score. The results suggest that genotyping and histological assessment may improve outcome prediction and help decisions about HCC screening, particularly in populations with HBV-infected individuals of mixed geographic origin.</p>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11777188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigenetic Modifications in HBV-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"Xiaoqing Tan,&nbsp;Linting Xun,&nbsp;Qi Yin,&nbsp;Chaohui Chen,&nbsp;Tao Zhang,&nbsp;Tao Shen","doi":"10.1111/jvh.14044","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.14044","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the main pathogen for HCC development. HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) forms extra-host chromatin-like minichromosomes in the nucleus of hepatocytes with host histones, non-histones, HBV X protein (HBx) and HBV core protein (HBc). Epigenetic alterations are dynamic and reversible, which regulate gene expression without altering the DNA sequence and play a pivotal role in the regulation of HCC onset and progression. The aim of this review is to elucidate the deregulation of epigenetic mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of HBV-related HCC (HBV-HCC), including post-translational histone and non-histone modifications, DNA hypermethylation and hypomethylation, non-coding RNA modification on HBV cccDNA minichromosomes and host factors, effecting the replication/transcription of HBV cccDNA and transcription/translation of host genes, and thus HBV-HCC progression. It is expected that the epigenetic regulation perspective provides new ways for more in-depth development of therapeutic control of HBV-HCC.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Effects of Direct-Acting Antivirals on Hepatitis C: Trends in Liver Disease–Related Hospitalisations in Italy","authors":"Francesco Saverio Mennini,&nbsp;Paolo Sciattella,&nbsp;Claudia Simonelli,&nbsp;Andrea Marcellusi,&nbsp;Stefano Rosato,&nbsp;Loreta A. Kondili","doi":"10.1111/jvh.14061","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.14061","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) on hepatitis C virus (HCV) hospitalisation trends in Italy, the country with not only the highest burden of HCV-related disease but also the highest number of patients treated for chronic HCV infection in Europe. Incident hospital discharge records in Italy from 2012 to 2019 that included a liver cirrhosis diagnosis without mention of alcohol, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), HCV and liver cirrhosis without mention of alcohol and/or HCC, cirrhosis with mention of alcohol, as defined by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9-CM) were reviewed. An interrupted time series analysis compared the incidence of cirrhosis and HCC before and after the introduction of DAAs (Year 2015). Overall, non-alcoholic cirrhosis significantly decreased after the introduction of DAAs (<i>β</i>₃ = 0.03) and for those 40–59 years of age (<i>β</i>₃ = 0.025). HCV with cirrhosis and/or HCC significantly reduced overall for those aged 40–59 and older than 60 (<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>β</mi>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <mo>=</mo>\u0000 <mn>0.002</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ {beta}_3=0.002 $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>). HCC-related hospitalisation rates significantly decreased in patients younger than 60 (<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>β</mi>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <mo>=</mo>\u0000 <mn>0.03</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ {beta}_3=0.03 $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>). Cirrhosis-related hospitalisations with mention of alcohol did not differ during the study period before and after the year 2015 (<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>β</mi>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <mo>=</mo>\u0000 <mn>0.4</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ {beta}_3=0.4 $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>). There was a significant reduction in HCV-related hospitalisations throughout Italy after introducing DAAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11771735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of MASLD Phenotypes With Liver Fibrosis in Hepatitis C: The Role of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors","authors":"Wesal Elgretli,&nbsp;Mohamed Shengir,&nbsp;Solomon Sasson,&nbsp;Agnihotram V. Ramanakumar,&nbsp;Felice Cinque,&nbsp;Luz Esther Ramos Ballestreros,&nbsp;Marc Deschenes,&nbsp;Phil Wong,&nbsp;Tianyan Chen,&nbsp;Nadine Kronfli,&nbsp;Sahar Saeed,&nbsp;Alexa Keeshan,&nbsp;Saniya Tandon,&nbsp;Curtis Cooper,&nbsp;Giada Sebastiani","doi":"10.1111/jvh.70004","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Steatotic liver disease is prevalent among people with hepatitis C virus (HCV). The new definition of metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) emphasises the metabolic drivers of steatosis and recognises its frequent coexistence with other chronic liver diseases, including HCV. We aimed to evaluate the association of coexisting MASLD and HCV with liver fibrosis. Individuals with HCV who underwent transient elastography (TE) with associated controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) were included from two clinical centres. MASLD and significant liver fibrosis were defined as the presence of steatosis (CAP ≥ 275 dB/m) with at least one cardiometabolic risk factor, and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) ≥ 7.1 kPa measured by TE, respectively. Associated cofactors of significant liver fibrosis were determined using stepwise regression and cross-validation by LASSO models to select confounders. Among 590 participants, 31% were diagnosed with MASLD. The prevalence of significant liver fibrosis was the highest among people with MASLD (58%) followed by HCV-related steatosis (45%) and the non-steatosis group (39%). After adjusting for potential confounders, MASLD was associated with significant liver fibrosis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07–4.87). Furthermore, specific MASLD phenotypes including diabetes, hypertension and overweight were associated with significant liver fibrosis, with aORs of 4.76 (95% CI 2.16–10.49), 3.44 (95% CI 1.77–6.68) and 2.54 (95% CI 1.27–5.07), respectively. In conclusion, MASLD is associated with liver fibrosis in people with HCV, specifically the diabetes, overweight and hypertensive phenotypes. Beyond pursuing a virological cure, healthcare providers should prioritise managing metabolic conditions, particularly diabetes, hypertension and obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11771651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe Liver-Related Outcomes in Patients With Hepatitis Delta: Results From a Multi-Ethnic Multicenter Long-Term Follow-Up Study","authors":"Arno Furquim d’Almeida,&nbsp;Erwin Ho,&nbsp;Liesbeth Govaerts,&nbsp;Peter Michielsen,&nbsp;Thomas Sersté,&nbsp;Stefan Bourgeois,&nbsp;Jean Delwaide,&nbsp;Christophe Moreno,&nbsp;Hans Orlent,&nbsp;Hans Van Vlierberghe,&nbsp;Chantal de Galocsy,&nbsp;Michael Peeters,&nbsp;Elizaveta Padalko,&nbsp;Steven Van Gucht,&nbsp;Thomas Vanwolleghem","doi":"10.1111/jvh.14060","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.14060","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV)–hepatitis delta virus (HDV) coinfection is the most severe form of chronic viral hepatitis, but the factors that determine disease progression and severity are incompletely characterised. This long-term follow-up study aims to identify risk factors for severe liver-related outcomes. In this multicentre national cohort study, data from admission until the last visit between 2001 and 2023 was retrospectively collected from 162 HBV-HDV coinfected patients. The inclusion criteria were HBsAg or HBV DNA positivity, anti-HDV or HDV RNA positivity, and at least one follow-up visit. The median follow-up was 6.2 years (IQR 3.3–10.2). At baseline, 68/152 (44.7%) patients were diagnosed with advanced liver fibrosis. Forty patients (24.7%) had at least one severe liver-related outcome during follow-up. HDV viremia was detectable in 92 patients (64.3%) at last evaluation and was more frequently detectable in patients of European origin (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). HDV RNA-positive patients had a 4.7-fold higher risk for severe liver-related outcomes (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and were more frequently diagnosed with advanced fibrosis at baseline (<i>p</i> = 0.007) compared to HDV RNA-negative patients. Multivariate analyses identified HDV RNA positivity, as well as several markers for liver disease severity, such as INR, platelet count, and advanced fibrosis at baseline, and age at admission as independent risk factors for severe liver-related outcomes. In conclusion, almost one in four HBV-HDV coinfected patients developed a severe liver-related outcome during follow-up. Several markers for liver disease severity and HDV RNA positivity were the strongest predictors for outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756033/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143023794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Australian Community Pharmacists' Preparedness to Offer and Discuss Hepatitis C Testing and Treatment With Pharmacy Clients: A Representative Cross-Sectional Survey","authors":"Elissa Ong,&nbsp;Ting Xia,&nbsp;Rose Laing,&nbsp;Jacqueline A. Richmond,&nbsp;Peter Higgs,&nbsp;Mark Hayes,&nbsp;Joseph S. Doyle,&nbsp;Suzanne Nielsen,&nbsp;Louisa Picco","doi":"10.1111/jvh.70001","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The World Health Organisation (WHO) has set goals to eliminate hepatitis C (HCV) as a global health threat by 2030. To meet this goal, Australia must increase testing and diagnosis, including expanding access to care through community pharmacists. This study aims to explore community pharmacists' preparedness to discuss and offer HCV testing and treatment. Australian community pharmacists from four states completed an online anonymous quantitative survey between August and October 2023. Pharmacists were asked about their experiences of, comfort discussing and willingness to host outreach HCV testing or treatment. Predictors of each outcome were examined using logistic regression. In total, 530 pharmacists participated in the study. One in five pharmacists stocked HCV medications (22%), half (48%) were willing/somewhat willing to host an outreach HCV testing and treatment team, while 36% strongly agreed/agreed they were comfortable discussing HCV testing and treatment. Willingness to host an outreach HCV team was associated with pharmacists working in rural/remote settings (95% CI: 1.04–2.35, <i>p</i> = 0.032), providing opioid agonist treatment (95% CI: 1.16–2.49, <i>p</i> = 0.006) and comfort discussing overdose prevention (95% CI: 1.31–2.80, <i>p</i> = 0.001). Pharmacists with ≥ 15 years' experience (95% CI: 0.44–0.94, <i>p</i> = 0.022) were less willing to host outreach HCV testing. Females were significantly less comfortable discussing HCV testing (95% CI: 0.45–0.98, <i>p</i> = 0.039) compared to males. This is the first Australian study to explore community pharmacists' preparedness to discuss and offer HCV testing and treatment. In light of research showing that community pharmacy models of care can help meet HCV elimination targets, ongoing engagement with pharmacists is needed to increase their preparedness to provide this care.</p>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11749486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Immunity and Anamnestic Response Following Hepatitis B Vaccination: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Hannah Ramrakhiani,&nbsp;Michael H. Le,&nbsp;Leslie Kam,&nbsp;Brian Nguyen,&nbsp;Yee Hui Yeo,&nbsp;Charles R. Levesley,&nbsp;Surya Gudapati,&nbsp;Scott Barnett,&nbsp;Ramsey Cheung,&nbsp;Mindie H. Nguyen","doi":"10.1111/jvh.70003","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using a systematic review and meta-analytic approach, this study determined the durability of HBV immunity and the prevalence of anamnestic response to a booster HBV vaccine dose in individuals previously vaccinated with a 3-dose HBV vaccine series as children or adolescents. Two researchers independently searched PubMed, Embase and Cochrane from inception to 6/1/2023 and performed data extraction. Studies that included individuals with significant comorbidities or &lt; 5 years of follow-up were excluded. Of 2517 potential studies, we analysed 91 eligible studies (193,359 individuals from 208 cohorts [some studies provided data for more than one cohort]). Median age at vaccination was 0 years (range: 0–20.00). After a median follow-up of 10.15 years (range: 5–35), 63.2% (95% CI: 59.3–67.0) retained HBV immunity. HBV immunity declined by 6.62% per follow-up year (Ptrend &lt; 0.0001). In meta-regression adjusting for vaccine type, follow-up time and geographic location, age at vaccination was significantly associated with retaining HBV immunity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.12 per year, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). Anamnestic response rate (44 studies, 66 cohorts, 29,040 patients) was 90.34% (95% CI: 86.84–92.98), with highest rates in Europe and Asia, but only study setting (clinical versus community-based: aOR 2.21, <i>p</i> = 0.034) was an independent factor. HBV immunity prevalence was about 60% after 10 years following childhood vaccination. Anamnestic response rate was about 90% and varied by study setting. Testing for immunity should be considered in individuals with high exposure risk and distant vaccination history with booster as needed.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Hepatitis B Screening During Pregnancy: A Study on Diagnostic Accuracy and Infection Control in Nigeria","authors":"Chinomso Joel Ukagebu,&nbsp;Jude Oluwapelumi Alao,&nbsp;Favour Oluwadara Bamigboye,&nbsp;Joel Chimezie Ukaegbu,&nbsp;Elijah Kolawole Oladipo","doi":"10.1111/jvh.70002","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvh.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a critical public health issue in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), particularly among pregnant women in Nigeria. Routine screening using rapid diagnostic kits is common in antenatal care, yet the accuracy of these tests can vary. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalencwe of HBV among pregnant women who had previously undergone screening using rapid diagnostic kits at Obafemi Awolowo Teaching Hospital, Ilesa, Osun State, Nigeria, to assess the effectiveness of initial screening and identify any missed cases. A cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 263 pregnant women. Blood samples were tested for HBV markers (HBsAg, HBsAb, and HBcAb) using ELISA. Sociodemographic data and potential risk factors were also analysed. The study found that 7.6% of women were HBsAg positive, indicating active HBV infection, and 49.6% were susceptible to HBV. There was a significant association between higher education levels and HBV seropositivity. Employment status also correlated with HBV prevalence, with self-employed women showing higher seroprevalence. Additionally, a history of blood transfusions was linked to higher HBV seropositivity. The findings highlight the limitations of rapid diagnostic kits in detecting HBV and underscore the need for enhanced infection prevention and control measures, including confirmatory testing, robust vaccination programmes and safe delivery practices to reduce HBV transmission in high-burden regions like Nigeria.</p>","PeriodicalId":17762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11744738/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}