Proceedings of the 27th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking最新文献

{"title":"Verification","authors":"Farzan Dehbashi, A. Abedi, Tim Brecht, Omid Abari","doi":"10.1145/3447993.3448622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3447993.3448622","url":null,"abstract":"Brian Dowd Assistant Chief, Division of Medicaid Georgia Department of Community Health Stakeholder Network Visioning Session Summary Date: June 5, 2018 If you have any questions or would like more information and updates regarding Georgia’s EVV implementation, please feel free to email us at evv.medicaid@dch.ga.gov or visit the DCH EVV webpage at: https://dch.georgia.gov/georgia-medicaid-electronic-visit-verification. EVV Visioning Session Summary 1 | P a g e Executive Summary In December 2016, the 114th US Congress enacted the 21st Century Cures Act. Section 12006 of the Act requires States to implement Electronic Visit Verification (EVV) for Medicaid-financed Personal Care Services and Home Health Care Services by January 1, 2019 and January 1, 2023, respectively. The Act requires States to implement EVV to avoid an escalating reduction in their federal funding match. Under the Act and with CMS approval, EVV systems operated by the State or a contractor on behalf of the State qualifies for enhanced Federal Medical Assistance Percentage (FMAP) matching funds (90% for implementation, 75% for ongoing costs). Georgia is committed to adhering to the federal 21st Century Cures Act mandate. The mandate contributes to Georgia Medicaid’s mission of providing access to affordable, quality health care services for Medicaid members. EVV will help to reduce billing errors and improve claims payment accuracy as well as reduce Medicaid fraud, waste and abuse by verifying services were rendered. The Act requires that states have a stakeholder engagement process as part of their EVV implementation. To ensure a smooth transition to EVV, the Georgia Department of Community Health (DCH) has on-boarded the North Highland (NH) consulting group to assist with Organizational Change Management (OCM) support during the project. DCH and NH, forming the Georgia DCH EVV Project Team, have been focusing on ways to engage our stakeholders and streamline communications about EVV and our state-wide implementation activities. The EVV Project Team recognizes the importance of engaging our stakeholders early in the planning phase and working collaboratively with them throughout the implementation. The EVV Project Team has been working diligently to provide information about EVV across the Medicaid member and service provider communities. We have created an EVV Stakeholder Network as part of the OCM process to gather stakeholder input and feedback through various communication channels. The EVV Stakeholder Network is intended to engage representatives from all affected stakeholder groups in providing feedback to DCH throughout the planning, selection, implementation and ongoing support of the system. The EVV Stakeholder Network consists of representatives of Personal Support Services and Home Health Care program providers (those using their own EVV system and those that do not have a system), members (consumer-directed and traditional), waiver program representatives, sister agen","PeriodicalId":177431,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 27th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115087059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vi-liquid: unknown liquid identification with your smartphone vibration","authors":"Yongzhi Huang, Kaixin Chen, Yandao Huang, Lu Wang, Kaishun Wu","doi":"10.1145/3447993.3448621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3447993.3448621","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional liquid identification instruments are often unavailable to the general public. This paper shows the feasibility of identifying unknown liquids with commercial lightweight devices, such as a smartphone. The wisdom arises from the fact that different liquid molecules have various viscosity coefficients, so they need to overcome dissimilitude energy barriers during relative motion. With this intuition in mind, we introduce a novel model that measures liquids' viscosity based on active vibration. Yet, it is challenging to build up a robust system utilizing the built-in accelerometer in smartphones. Practical issues include under-sampling, self-interference, and volume change impact. Instead of machine learning, we tackle these issues through multiple signal processing stages to reconstruct the original signals and cancel out the interference. Our approach could achieve the liquid viscosity estimates with a mean relative error of 2.9% and distinguish 30 kinds of liquid with an average accuracy of 95.47%.","PeriodicalId":177431,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 27th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129606144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UltraSE: single-channel speech enhancement using ultrasound","authors":"Ke Sun, Xinyu Zhang","doi":"10.1145/3447993.3448626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3447993.3448626","url":null,"abstract":"Robust speech enhancement is considered as the holy grail of audio processing and a key requirement for human-human and human-machine interaction. Solving this task with single-channel, audio-only methods remains an open challenge, especially for practical scenarios involving a mixture of competing speakers and background noise. In this paper, we propose UltraSE, which uses ultrasound sensing as a complementary modality to separate the desired speaker's voice from interferences and noise. UltraSE uses a commodity mobile device (e.g., smartphone) to emit ultrasound and capture the reflections from the speaker's articulatory gestures. It introduces a multi-modal, multi-domain deep learning framework to fuse the ultrasonic Doppler features and the audible speech spectrogram. Furthermore, it employs an adversarially trained discriminator, based on a cross-modal similarity measurement network, to learn the correlation between the two heterogeneous feature modalities. Our experiments verify that UltraSE simultaneously improves speech intelligibility and quality, and outperforms state-of-the-art solutions by a large margin.","PeriodicalId":177431,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 27th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129833947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RFClock","authors":"Kubra Alemdar, D. Varshney, Subhramoy Mohanti, Ufuk Muncuk, K. Chowdhury","doi":"10.1145/3447993.3448623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3447993.3448623","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging applications like distributed coordinated beamforming (DCB), intelligent reflector arrays, and networked robotic devices will transform wireless applications. However, for systems-centric work on these topics, the research community must first overcome the hurdle of implementing fine-grained, over-the-air timing synchronization, which is critical for any coordinated operation. To address this gap, this paper presents an open-source design and implementation of 'RFClock' that provides timing, frequency and phase synchronization for software defined radios (SDRs). It shows how RFClock can be used for a practical, 5-node DCB application without modifying existing physical/link layer protocols. By utilizing a leader-follower architecture, RFClock-leader allows follower clocks to synchronize with mean offset under 0.107Hz, and then corrects the time/phase alignment to be within a 5ns deviation. RFClock is designed to operate in generalized environments: as standalone unit, it generates a 10MHz/1PPS signal reference suitable for most commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) SDRs today; it does not require custom protocol-specific headers or messaging; and it is robust to interference through a frequency-agile operation. Using RFClock for DCB, we verify significant increase in channel gain and low BER in a range of [0 -- 10--3] for different modulation schemes. We also demonstrate performance that is similar to a popular wired solution and significant improvement over a GPS-based solution, while delivering this functionality at a fractional price/power point.","PeriodicalId":177431,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 27th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking","volume":"628 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114477454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elf","authors":"Wuyang Zhang, Zhezhi He, Luyang Liu, Zhenhua Jia, Yunxin Liu, M. Gruteser, D. Raychaudhuri, Yanyong Zhang","doi":"10.1002/9783527678679.dg03783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527678679.dg03783","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":177431,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 27th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking","volume":"239 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123010695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PECAM","authors":"Hao Wu, Xuejin Tian, Minghao Li, Yunxin Liu, G. Ananthanarayanan, Fengyuan Xu, Sheng Zhong","doi":"10.1145/3447993.3448618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3447993.3448618","url":null,"abstract":"As Video Streaming and Analytics (VSA) systems become increasingly popular, serious privacy concerns have risen on exposing too much unnecessary private information to the VSA providers. Yet, it is challenging to protect privacy while still preserving desired VSA features, i.e., effective analytics, forensic support, resource efficiency, and real-time execution. In this paper, we present a VSA privacy enhancement system (PECAM), which addresses the above challenge with no change in the VSA back-end. PECAM leverages a novel Generative Adversarial Network to perform the privacy-enhanced securely-reversible video transformation. PECAM also incorporates a couple of system optimizations into its VSA workflow to reduce network bandwidth usage and enable real-time processing on cameras. We implement our PECAM prototype on commodity hardware and evaluate its performance via both security study and extensive experiments. Results demonstrate that PECAM can effectively enhance the visual privacy of VSA in the presence of an adversary, and its transformed videos, when taken as input for various VSA back-end tasks, maintain a 96% accuracy of corresponding original videos. Additionally, it performs 12.3× and 1.8× better than baseline methods in terms of the computing cost and network bandwidth usage, respectively.","PeriodicalId":177431,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 27th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115401266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WiBeacon","authors":"Ruofeng Liu, Zhimeng Yin, Wenchao Jiang, T. He","doi":"10.1145/3447993.3448615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3447993.3448615","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the popularity of Bluetooth low energy (BLE) location-based services (LBS) in Internet of things applications, large-scale BLE LBS are extremely challenging due to the expenses of deploying and maintaining BLE beacons. To alleviate this issue, this work presents WiBeacon, which repurposes ubiquitously deployed WiFi access points (AP) into virtual BLE beacons via only moderate software upgrades. Specifically, a WiBeacon-enabled AP can broadcast elaborately designed WiFi packets that could be recognized as iBeacon-compatible location identifiers by unmodified mobile BLE devices. This offers fast deployment of BLE LBS with zero additional hardware costs and low maintenance burdens. WiBeacon is carefully integrated with native WiFi services, retaining transparency to WiFi clients. We implement WiBeacon on commodity WiFi APs (with various chipsets such as Qualcomm, Broadcom, and MediaTek) and extensively evaluate it across various scenarios, including a real commercial application for courier check-ins. During the two-week pilot study, WiBeacon provides reliable services, i.e., as robust as conventional BLE beacons, for 697 users with 150 types of smartphones.","PeriodicalId":177431,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 27th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121425513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AsyMo","authors":"Manni Wang, Shaohua Ding, Ting Cao, Yunxin Liu, Fengyuan Xu","doi":"10.1145/3447993.3448625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3447993.3448625","url":null,"abstract":"On-device deep learning (DL) inference has attracted vast interest. Mobile CPUs are the most common hardware for on-device inference and many inference frameworks have been developed for them. Yet, due to the hardware complexity, DL inference on mobile CPUs suffers from two common issues: the poor performance scalability on the asymmetric multiprocessor, and energy inefficiency. We identify the root causes are improper task partitioning and unbalanced task distribution for the poor scalability, and unawareness of model behaviour for energy inefficiency. Based on that, we propose a novel technique called AsyMo for the thread pool implementation of DL frameworks to solve the two issues. The key design principle is to leverage the execution determinism of DL inference, and build an optimal execution plan offline by jointly considering model structures and hardware characteristics. For performance scalability, AsyMo implements cost-model-directed partitioning and asymmetry-aware task scheduling to properly divide and fairly schedule tasks on asymmetric CPUs. For energy saving, AsyMo determines the least-energy cost frequency based on data reuse rate of a model. AsyMo is evaluated on different models and DL frameworks. All gain substantial improvement. For example, AsyMo shows up to 46% performance and 37% energy-efficiency improvement for convolution-dominant models, and up to 97% performance and 1.22× energy-efficiency improvement for fully-connect-dominant models, compared to an optimized TensorFlow on off-the-shelf mobile CPUs.","PeriodicalId":177431,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 27th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124484545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seirios: leveraging multiple channels for LoRaWAN indoor and outdoor localization","authors":"Jun Liu, Jiayao Gao, Sanjay Jha, Wen Hu","doi":"10.1145/3447993.3483256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3447993.3483256","url":null,"abstract":"Localization is important for a large number of Internet of Things (IoT) endpoint devices connected by LoRaWAN. Due to the bandwidth limitations of LoRaWAN, existing localization methods without specialized hardware (e.g., GPS) produce poor performance. To increase the localization accuracy, we propose a super-resolution localization method, called Seirios, which features a novel algorithm to synchronize multiple non-overlapped communication channels by exploiting the unique features of the radio physical layer to increase the overall bandwidth. By exploiting both the original and the conjugate of the physical layer, Seirios can resolve the direct path from multiple reflectors in both indoor and outdoor environments. We design a Seirios prototype and evaluate its performance in an outdoor area of 100 m × 60 m, and an indoor area of 25 m × 15 m, which shows that Seirios can achieve a median error of 4.4 m outdoors (80% samples < 6.4 m), and 2.4 m indoors (80% samples < 6.1 m), respectively. The results show that Seirios produces 42% less localization error than the baseline approach. Our evaluation also shows that, different to previous studies in Wi-Fi localization systems that have wider bandwidth, time-of-fight (ToF) estimation is less effective for LoRaWAN localization systems with narrowband radio signals.","PeriodicalId":177431,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 27th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking","volume":"22 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114115420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physics-inspired heuristics for soft MIMO detection in 5G new radio and beyond","authors":"Minsung Kim, S. Mandrà, D. Venturelli, K. Jamieson","doi":"10.1145/3447993.3448619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3447993.3448619","url":null,"abstract":"Overcoming the conventional trade-off between throughput and bit error rate (BER) performance, versus computational complexity is a long-term challenge for uplink Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) detection in base station design for the cellular 5G New Radio roadmap, as well as in next generation wireless local area networks. In this work, we present ParaMax, a MIMO detector architecture that for the first time brings to bear physics-inspired parallel tempering algorithmic techniques [28, 50, 67] on this class of problems. ParaMax can achieve near optimal maximum-likelihood (ML) throughput performance in the Large MIMO regime, Massive MIMO systems where the base station has additional RF chains, to approach the number of base station antennas, in order to support even more parallel spatial streams. ParaMax is able to achieve a near ML-BER performance up to 160 × 160 and 80 × 80 Large MIMO for low-order modulations such as BPSK and QPSK, respectively, only requiring less than tens of processing elements. With respect to Massive MIMO systems, in 12 × 24 MIMO with 16-QAM at SNR 16 dB, ParaMax achieves 330 Mbits/s near-optimal system throughput with 4--8 processing elements per subcarrier, which is approximately 1.4× throughput than linear detector-based Massive MIMO systems.","PeriodicalId":177431,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 27th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125774580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}