Journal of Infectious Diseases & Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Microbial Aetiology and Risk Factors of Community-acquired Pneumonia in Security-challenged Communities in the Northeast Nigeria","authors":"GO Oluwatoyin","doi":"10.37191/mapsci-jidm-1(1)-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37191/mapsci-jidm-1(1)-002","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Community-acquired pneumonia is still a major cause of hospital admission in the sub-Saharan Africa. It is primarily due to gram positive organisms and atypical pathogens as well as gram negative organisms. \u0000\u0000Aim: The aim of the study was to identify the common risk factors of community-acquired pneumonia and the causative pathogens of community-acquired pneumonia among adults in the Northeastern States, Nigeria.\u0000\u0000Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional analytical study conducted on adult patients seen at the general outpatient clinics and the medical outpatient clinics of a referral Teaching Hospital in Gombe, Northeast Nigeria between June 2017 and January 2018.\u0000\u0000Hundred patients with clinical and or radiological diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia who presented to the General Outpatient Clinic and Medical Outpatient clinic of the hospital were recruited. A chest radiograph, sputum culture and multiplex PCR analysis was conducted on all the hundred sputa.\u0000\u0000Findings: 45(45%) of the patients had one or more identified risk factors of CAP. Of these, HIV 22 (22%), smoking 11(11%), alcohol consumption 2(2%) while 7 (7%) of these patients smoked cigarette and consumed alcohol. Culture diagnosis of CAP was negative in 58 (58%) of cases. The culture positive sputa included gram positive organisms 9 (9%) and gram-negative pathogens 33 (33%). However, with PCR analysis; Streptococcus pneumoniae 23 (23%) and Hemophilus influenzae 6(6%) were the typical pathogens detected, Legionella pneumophila 5 (5%), Chlamydia pneumoniae 3 (3%) and legionella/ chlamydia co-infection 1(1%) were the atypical pathogens identified. \u0000\u0000Conclusion: The risk factors of pneumonia identified among patients with community-acquired pneumonia in these insurgent facing communities were immunosuppressive illness, smoking and alcohol consumption. The identified microbial aetiologies were Streptococcus pneumoniae, Hemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative pathogens like Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Additionally, atypical pathogens such as the Legionella pneumophila and Chlamydia pneumoniae were also detected.","PeriodicalId":177340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases & Microbiology","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131426160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Meningitis in Post-lumbar Drain Removal Presenting With Cervical Myalgia","authors":"Vichol Limpattanachart","doi":"10.37191/mapsci-jidm-1(1)-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37191/mapsci-jidm-1(1)-003","url":null,"abstract":"Hospital-acquired meningitis is a rare condition with high mortality if left untreated. We present a case of a 58-year-old male with a history of prior craniectomy and aneurysmal clipping from ruptured aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage who presented with a two-day onset of posterior auricular surgical wound site fluid leakage. Physical exam was significant for wound dehiscence leaking clear fluid. CT brain showed anew air cavity communicating from the occipital skin to the third and lateral ventricles. MRI brain revealed ruptured pseudo meningocele with pneumocephalus. Neurosurgery placed a lumbar drain; CSF leakage subsided, and the drain was removed. He developed afebrile cervicalgia one day after the drain removal. A neurological exam revealed neck stiffness and positive Kernig’s sign. CSF profile showed neutrophilic pleocytosis with low glucose. MRI Brain and cervical spine with contrast revealed new perioccipital leptomeningeal enhancement with fluid collection and pseudo meningocele. CSF culture grew MRSA. Daptomycin was initiated for treatment. His neck pain improved, and he was discharged with a four-week course of daptomycin. Our case demonstrates the importance of considering hospital-acquired meningitis in patients who have vague symptoms with a history of neurologic intervention. Early detection of hospital-acquired MRSA meningitis can prevent further complications.","PeriodicalId":177340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases & Microbiology","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114412279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}