Central Asian Journal of Water Research最新文献

A New Strategy for Merging the Environmental and Commerce Challenges of the Caspian 合并里海环境和商业挑战的新战略

Central Asian Journal of Water Research Pub Date : 2023-12-13 DOI: 10.29258/cajwr/2023-r1.v9-2/76-102.eng

Nathan Hutson, Jahan Taganova

{"title":"A New Strategy for Merging the Environmental and Commerce Challenges of the Caspian","authors":"Nathan Hutson, Jahan Taganova","doi":"10.29258/cajwr/2023-r1.v9-2/76-102.eng","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29258/cajwr/2023-r1.v9-2/76-102.eng","url":null,"abstract":"Recent geopolitical events have thrust the Caspian region into a time of unparalleled opportunity. Specifically, the Middle Corridor (“MC”) has been presented as a potential savior for trans-Eurasian commerce. At the same time, its success relies on a sea that is in an ecologically precarious state. Saving the Caspian for all future uses, including trade, will require unprecedented engagement and coordination amongst all its bordering states. This paper proposes a strategy for using the newfound focus on the MC to highlight its inherent connection to the Sea’s ecological precarity – thereby linking strategies of developing Trans-Caspian commerce with the efforts to preserve the Sea’s ecology against both existing and emerging threats. The paper begins by summarizing recent geopolitical developments connected to the MC that have accentuated the Caspian’s global importance for commerce. It then explores a related challenge – the simultaneous efforts of several littoral states to pursue desalination of Caspian seawater at a time when the Sea’s level is already declining from pre-existing causes. While these are two separate issues, we argue that they are, in fact, interrelated and that the coordination and governance challenges for improving commerce are very similar to those necessary for regulating desalination. Next, we analyze the challenge of regulating desalination in the context of water geopolitics and the unique features of the current Caspian Treaty. Finally, we review the language of the existing Caspian Treaty to identify areas where enhancements are necessary to better reflect both emerging challenges.","PeriodicalId":177314,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Water Research","volume":"34 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139006611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anthropogenic Impacts in the Yesil River Basin 宜溪江流域的人为影响

Central Asian Journal of Water Research Pub Date : 2023-11-12 DOI: 10.29258/2023-r1.v9-2/57-75.eng

Lyazzat Makhmudova, Ainur Mussina, Marzhan Ospanova, A. Zharylkassyn, Adilet Kanatuly

{"title":"Anthropogenic Impacts in the Yesil River Basin","authors":"Lyazzat Makhmudova, Ainur Mussina, Marzhan Ospanova, A. Zharylkassyn, Adilet Kanatuly","doi":"10.29258/2023-r1.v9-2/57-75.eng","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29258/2023-r1.v9-2/57-75.eng","url":null,"abstract":"The research aimed to assess the impact of human economic activities on the Yesil River Basin based on the observational data contained in Kazhydromet’s (Republic State Enterprise, RSE) hydrometeorological periodicals of 1933-2019. The additional analysis of numerous sources – statistics digests, online data of the Bureau of National Statistics under the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK), monographs and scientific papers also allowed to reliably evaluate the overall water consumption in the country. The analysis of the available materials permitted identifying the indicators of irretrievable water consumption (IWC) by sectors of the national economy, including utilities, industry, and agriculture (irrigation). As the result, in terms of water use the IWC in the target watershed turned out to range between 3-29% of the total irretrievable water consumption (TIWC), with the corresponding highest value registered in 2007. It was also established that large reservoirs – Astaninskoye (Vyacheslavskoye) and Sergeyevskoye – have been exerting a regulating pressure on the long-term flow of the rivers comprising the basin. The review of the data obtained likewise indicates that, compared to the conditionally natural phase, their runoff reduction during the disturbed phase is caused not only by reservoir related but also agrotechnical and climate change impacts. The study findings can serve water management purposes, aid the design of hydraulic facilities, as well as expand regional theoretical and applied hydrological research.","PeriodicalId":177314,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Water Research","volume":"26 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135037290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Динамика изменения запасов воды в снежном покрове в Есильском водохозяйственном бассейне 叶氏蓄水池积雪储量变化动力学

Central Asian Journal of Water Research Pub Date : 2023-07-21 DOI: 10.29258/cajwr/2023-r1.v9-2/1-16.rus

Т. Тиллакарим, Азамат Кауазов, А. Гафуров

{"title":"Динамика изменения запасов воды в снежном покрове в Есильском водохозяйственном бассейне","authors":"Т. Тиллакарим, Азамат Кауазов, А. Гафуров","doi":"10.29258/cajwr/2023-r1.v9-2/1-16.rus","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29258/cajwr/2023-r1.v9-2/1-16.rus","url":null,"abstract":"В статье представлена динамика изменения максимальных запасов воды в снежном покрове в Есильском водохозяйственном бассейне в период 1971–2019 гг. Основной целью работы является изучение динамики изменения влагозапасов снежного покрова, так как снежный покров играет важную роль в климатических, гидрологических и гляциологических процессах, являясь мощным климатообразующим фактором. Анализ произведен с применением методов математической статистики: путем сравнения средних многолетних значений за два последовательных периода: базовый – 1971–1995 гг. и современный – 1996–2019 гг.; метод линейной аппроксимации временных рядов и для определения тенденции изменения применен метод Манна-Кендалла. Для этого использованы декадные максимальные данные запасов воды в снежном покрове 24 метеорологических станций. В результате исследования выявлено, что за многолетний период запасы воды в снежном покрове варьируются в пределах от 38 мм (Чкалово) до 146 мм (Балкашино). Для современного периода по сравнению с базовым отмечаются более поздние сроки начала накопления и более ранние сроки полного стаивания. В различные периоды в ходе аномалий влагозапасов в первом приближении выявлены цикличные колебания. Динамика изменения запасов воды за два последовательных периода, метод линейной аппроксимации и тест Манна-Кендалла показали, что статистически значимые изменения запасов воды наблюдаются на станциях Жаксы, Рузаевка, Саумалколь, Возвышенка, а на остальных станциях изменения статистически не значимы.","PeriodicalId":177314,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Water Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125219739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developing an environmental friendly approach for enhancing water retention with the amendment of water-absorbing polymer and fertilizers 开发一种环境友好的方法，通过改进吸水聚合物和肥料来提高保水能力

Central Asian Journal of Water Research Pub Date : 2023-05-25 DOI: 10.29258/cajwr/2023-r1.v9-1/113-129.eng

Bharat Rattan, Ankit Garg, Sreedeep Sekharan, L. Sahoo

{"title":"Developing an environmental friendly approach for enhancing water retention with the amendment of water-absorbing polymer and fertilizers","authors":"Bharat Rattan, Ankit Garg, Sreedeep Sekharan, L. Sahoo","doi":"10.29258/cajwr/2023-r1.v9-1/113-129.eng","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29258/cajwr/2023-r1.v9-1/113-129.eng","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of climate/environmental change has resulted in adverse water stress conditions which necessitates the sustainable approaches for improving the water use efficiency to boost agricultural production in Central Asia. Water-absorbing polymer (WAP) has emerged as one of the amendments for soil water stress management. WAP are chemically cross-linked structure capable of absorbing and storing a large amount of water. The agricultural land has different levels of fertilizers which can influence the performance of WAP because of its sensitivity due to external ionic medium. Therefore, the combined or hybrid use of WAP and organic/ inorganic fertilizers may inhibit the functionality of WAP, which needs to be thoroughly investigated. This study demonstrates the performance of two different WAPs (a commercially WAP (crosslinked potassium polyacrylate) and a laboratory synthesized WAP (crosslinked fly ash-polyacrylate superabsorbent composite)) with varying combinations of fertilizers in silt loam (agrarian soil). The combined use of fertilizers and WAP have improved the water retention properties of soils due to modification in the soil pore volume for both the WAPs. Quantification from water retention properties revealed a significant increase in plant wilting time (PWT) and plant available water content (PAWC) under the combined influence of fertilizers and WAP amended soils, indicating the possibility of high-water availability to plant roots. The study suggests the potential of WAPs as an efficient soil conditioner even in the presence of fertilizer for countering the negative impacts of water stress conditions. WAPs might minimize the requirement for chemical fertilizers, which helps to enhance the climate/environmental change and agriculture sector in the Central Asian region.","PeriodicalId":177314,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Water Research","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121615803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Climatic characteristics of the east coast caspian sea fogs and their changes during 1970-2020 1970-2020年里海东部沿海雾的气候特征及其变化

Central Asian Journal of Water Research Pub Date : 2023-01-16 DOI: 10.29258/cajwr/2023-r1.v9-1/1-18.rus

V. Lobanov, Zhanar Naurozbayeva

引用次数: 0

Water Corruption in Central Asia: A Rapid Review 中亚地区的水腐败:快速回顾

Central Asian Journal of Water Research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.29258/cajwr/2023-r1.v9-2/35-56.eng

Akbikesh Mukhtarova

{"title":"Water Corruption in Central Asia: A Rapid Review","authors":"Akbikesh Mukhtarova","doi":"10.29258/cajwr/2023-r1.v9-2/35-56.eng","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29258/cajwr/2023-r1.v9-2/35-56.eng","url":null,"abstract":"Academic scholarship defines sectoral corruption, namely water corruption one of the main threats to the development of Central Asia. While applying a rapid review, the purpose of this article is to explore the current state of research on water corruption, its various forms, and typologies in different water sectors (such as water supply and sanitation, irrigation, hydropower, and water resources management). Specifically, the research seeks to answer the question of how water corruption in Central Asia is defined and analyzed in academic sources. The research findings suggest that academic studies on water corruption are poorly investigated and lack the analysis of sectoral corruption forms and ways to address it, particularly in Central Asia. A rapid review results demonstrate that while briefly mentioning the systemic and pervasive character of water corruption in Central Asia, academic scholarship evades in-depth studies of this problem. It is possible to notice the deficiency of reviews on water corruption studies not only at the regional but also at a global scale. Therefore, this review is anticipated to have academic and practical implications in identifying gaps in water corruption studies, particularly in Central Asia. However, considering the limitations of the rapid review method, to gain a more profound understanding of the problem of water corruption in the region, this study needs to be complemented in the future by a collection of primary and secondary data in Central Asian countries.","PeriodicalId":177314,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Water Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136367288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Short communication: Irrigation Efficiency Improvement Reserve in Central Asia Compared to Israel 短通信:中亚灌溉效率提高储备与以色列的比较

Central Asian Journal of Water Research Pub Date : 2022-11-23 DOI: 10.29258/cajwr/2022-r1.v8-2/102-109.rus

A. Khaydarov, G. Petrov, A. Mitusov

引用次数: 1

Gender gaps in Central Asia: A reassessment 中亚地区的性别差距:重新评估

Central Asian Journal of Water Research Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.29258/cajwr/2021-r1.v7-2/47-73.eng

Z. Lerman

引用次数: 0

Central Asia performance review in land governance indices and assessment frameworks 中亚土地治理指数和评估框架的绩效审查

Central Asian Journal of Water Research Pub Date : 2021-09-22 DOI: 10.29258/cajwr/2021-r1.v7-2/74-96.eng

Akbikesh Mukhtarova

{"title":"Central Asia performance review in land governance indices and assessment frameworks","authors":"Akbikesh Mukhtarova","doi":"10.29258/cajwr/2021-r1.v7-2/74-96.eng","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29258/cajwr/2021-r1.v7-2/74-96.eng","url":null,"abstract":"Academic scholarship captures different land governance dimensions while focusing mainly on agrarian, legal, and economic aspects. However, little to no attention is paid to land governance consideration through public policy lenses. In particular, this holds for Central Asian (CA) countries where there is a noticeable lack of academic works on land governance effectiveness and anti-corruption strategies in the land sector. This review paper analyzes the question of how Central Asian countries are presented in land governance indices and assessment frameworks such as the World Bank’s Land Governance Assessment Framework (LGAF), Global Property Rights Index (Prindex), Global Land Governance Index (LANDex), and The Open Data Barometer. The paper uses the integrative review of academic works and the author’s empirical data on Central Asian performance in land governance indices and assessment programs. The findings revealed that while the Prindex results for the region are promising, the underperformance and lack of active engagement of Central Asian countries in the Open Data Barometer, LANDex, and LGAF are still visible. This fact could be explained by various reasons, including the lack of institutional and legal capacities in CA countries and the limitation in methodology and data collection techniques observed in present land indices. Considering that the subject is understudied, it is anticipated that this review paper will give both scholars and practitioners from the region and abroad the impetus to improve Central Asian performance in global land governance indices and assessment programs.","PeriodicalId":177314,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Water Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133060878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficiency of Sonar Fish Protection Device at the Kokaral Dam of the Small Aral Sea 小咸海科卡拉尔大坝声纳护鱼装置的效能研究

Central Asian Journal of Water Research Pub Date : 2021-05-17 DOI: 10.29258/cajwr/2021-r1.v7-1/158-176.eng

S. Sharakhmetov, T. Barakbayev, T. O. Adayev

{"title":"Efficiency of Sonar Fish Protection Device at the Kokaral Dam of the Small Aral Sea","authors":"S. Sharakhmetov, T. Barakbayev, T. O. Adayev","doi":"10.29258/cajwr/2021-r1.v7-1/158-176.eng","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29258/cajwr/2021-r1.v7-1/158-176.eng","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to assess the efficiency of the pilot hydro-acoustic (sonar) fish protection device (SFPD) installed at the Kokaral Dam of the Small Aral Sea. For this purpose, between August 27 and September 5, 2020 experimental and control fish catching was carried out using fixed fishing nets (30×60 mm mesh). The SFPD’s effectiveness was assessed based on the amount and species diversity of the caught fish with and without the SFPD operating. Fish behavior and distribution were monitored using an echo sounder. In terms of quantity, 173 fish were caught with the SFPD off, and 94 with the SFPD on. In terms of biomass, the values were 37.5 kg and 27.6 kg, respectively. With the SFPD off, the ichthyofauna composition was represented by 12 fish species: carp, crucian carp, roach, ide, bream, common rudd, saber carp, snakehead, pike perch, perch, pike, and asp. With the SFPD on, roach and ide were absent in the catch, and the quantity of common rudd significantly decreased. In both catches, the quantity of carp and crucian carp was similar; bream and saber carp specimen were sporadic. The number of predatory fish (pike, perch, snakeheads, and pike perch) in the catches increased. Asp was absent in the net catches also; however, this fish species represents the main object of amateur hook and line fishing. Based on the catch-per-effort unit, it can be concluded that whereas the SFPD observed efficiency for small non-predatory fish like ide, roach, and common rudd was 95%, it was 0% for large non-predatory fish (carp and crucian carp); and negative for predatory fish.","PeriodicalId":177314,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Water Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131191738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0