{"title":"Speed sensorless AC drive fed by three-level inverter with full-dimensional spiral vector control for improved low-speed performance","authors":"Jie Zhang","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1996.557023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1996.557023","url":null,"abstract":"In low speed control of a speed-sensorless induction motor drive, machine stator resistance variation is commonly attributed to the deterioration in motor flux and speed estimation. Further analysis shows that the estimated value of field orientation angle is corrupted by accumulative errors from the integration of motor terminal variables which have low signal/noise ratio. An error loop-effect speeds up the degradation process. Control information starvation takes place in conventional sensorless control systems which control the machine spiral vectors in reduced dimension in this situation. A novel control scheme is developed to improve the control of motor current, torque and speed. The scheme employs full dimensional vector control approach and is less sensitive to the combined effect of the error sources and loop effect in the frequency range of interest. Preliminary experimental tests demonstrate promising results which are achievable even below 0.5 Hz.","PeriodicalId":177291,"journal":{"name":"IAS '96. Conference Record of the 1996 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Thirty-First IAS Annual Meeting","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131085975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Yanchao, Huang Yongxuan, Liu Zhou, Wu Cheng-qi, Feng Yuguan
{"title":"A PWM static VAr compensator based on phase-shift-controlled multiple-bridge superposition harmonic elimination technique","authors":"J. Yanchao, Huang Yongxuan, Liu Zhou, Wu Cheng-qi, Feng Yuguan","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1996.560240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1996.560240","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a four-bridge PWM static VAr compensator (FB-PSVC) based on an improved version of the PWM controller is presented in this paper, and a novel phase-shift-controlled multiple-bridge superposition harmonic elimination technique is also proposed. Theoretical analysis shows that the harmonic pairs of [(2k+1)f/sub s//spl plusmn/f] and [(4k+2)f/sub s//spl plusmn/f] generated in each bridge are effectively eliminated through appropriate phase shift control. To satisfy the same total harmonic distortion (THD) requirement (usually under 5%), this new compensator can work at 200 Hz, which is much lower than the previously reported 1.9 kHz of a single-bridge PWM static VAr compensator (SB-PSVC). The efficiency is increased and reliability enhanced. The fairly low switching frequency and multiple bridge structure facilitate its use in high-power VAr compensators since GTOs can be employed as power switch. Theoretical analysis was verified through simulations and experimental results.","PeriodicalId":177291,"journal":{"name":"IAS '96. Conference Record of the 1996 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Thirty-First IAS Annual Meeting","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132898138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance of line-start single phase permanent magnet motors for domestic applications","authors":"A. Smith, Adrian Wong","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1996.557074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1996.557074","url":null,"abstract":"Many domestic appliances require low-power motors operating at essentially constant speed to drive pumps and fans. Line-start permanent-magnet motors can provide an alternative to the conventional single-phase induction motor in the fractional kW range. These motors employ a 2-pole magnet rotor and a simple skeleton stator construction with a bobbin coil for ease of manufacture. The motor can run synchronously in either direction and relies upon an impulse torque to start. The paper describes a combined circuit/finite-element approach that employs the power of the FE approach to accommodate the complex geometry and magnetic saturation and the simplicity of the circuit method for time-stepping transient solutions. This approach can be formulated in a manner that keeps computational solution times to a reasonable level, The analytical model is used to illustrate the run-up and steady-state performance of a commercial domestic pump motor with experimental measurements included to provide verification of the approach. The paper investigates the influence of certain key design features on the performance of the motor and in particular the direction of rotation.","PeriodicalId":177291,"journal":{"name":"IAS '96. Conference Record of the 1996 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Thirty-First IAS Annual Meeting","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133306563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Calculation of the electromagnetic parameters of a switched reluctance motor using an improved FEM-BIEM. Application to different models for the torque calculation","authors":"A. Omekanda, C. Broche, Michel Renglet","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1996.560166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1996.560166","url":null,"abstract":"This paper expands on a hybrid numerical method coupling the finite element method (FEM) and the boundary integral equation method (BIEM) developed to calculate magnetic fields in a switched reluctance motor (SRM). This hybrid approach is a solution to the issues stemming from the small size and odd shape of the SRM airgap, where meshing a FEM grid is difficult. In the past, the stator and rotor FEM domains kept their actual shapes, which resulted in problems with the definition of the unit outward normal vector n~ at the corner points of the SRM poles. So, the normal derivative of the magnetic vector potential, that is the tangential component of the flux density, was undefined at these points. In this paper, a new approach with new definitions of the stator and rotor FEM domains is presented. The new concept defines the SRM airgap as a ring in which circular boundaries permit the correct definition of the normal derivative quantities and exploits the natural Neumann condition. The electromagnetic parameters of a 7.5 kW SRM prototype machine were calculated using this new approach. They compare favorably with test data. Phase magnetization characteristics also have good precision and smoothness. These electromagnetic parameters were then used to assess and compare two different SRM models for the calculation of the torque on the motor shaft: the linear trapezoidal model; and the nonlinear model. The comparison between the measured torque and the torque as calculated with the two different models shows that the more simple trapezoidal model should be satisfactory in many cases, and could in particular be used in automated SRM designs.","PeriodicalId":177291,"journal":{"name":"IAS '96. Conference Record of the 1996 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Thirty-First IAS Annual Meeting","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133185604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qing Mao, M. Ohsato, T. Shimizu, G. Kimura, Y. Takuchi, H. Takagi
{"title":"MHz operation of voltage-fed inverter for HID lamps using distributed constant line","authors":"Qing Mao, M. Ohsato, T. Shimizu, G. Kimura, Y. Takuchi, H. Takagi","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1996.563868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1996.563868","url":null,"abstract":"A novel type of solid-state ballast, which operates on the MHz-range frequency, is presented in this paper. A circuit composed of a voltage-fed half-bridge inverter, a distributed constant line, and a parallel LC resonant circuit have been developed for this purpose. The HID (high intensity discharge) lamp is connected to the output terminal of the inverter through the distributed constant line. Here, since the length of the line is adjusted to 1/4 of the propagation wavelength /spl lambda/, the output voltage of the voltage-fed inverter can be converted to a current source in the load side. From experimental results, it was found that the ballast can supply not only high voltage but also constant current for starting the discharge of an HID lamp. Experimental results from a prototype system are used to verify the theoretical procedure.","PeriodicalId":177291,"journal":{"name":"IAS '96. Conference Record of the 1996 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Thirty-First IAS Annual Meeting","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128828428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Dorr, T. M. Gruzs, M. B. Hughes, R.E. Jurewicz, Gurcharn Dang, J. L. McClaine
{"title":"Interpreting recent power quality surveys to define the electrical environment","authors":"D. Dorr, T. M. Gruzs, M. B. Hughes, R.E. Jurewicz, Gurcharn Dang, J. L. McClaine","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1996.563887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1996.563887","url":null,"abstract":"Recent AC power line monitoring projects have enabled a better understanding of the typical electrical environment within which sensitive electronic equipment must be able to operate. Voltage variations caused by utility protective and regulation devices as well as variations caused by load equipment contribute to the total power quality picture. Regardless of the origin of these variations, the load equipment must be able to operate with some degree of immunity. This paper presents a combined assessment of data from three of the most recent power quality surveys. Results of this assessment suggest that load equipment with reasonable voltage regulation and interruption ride through will withstand the majority of recorded power line variations. A detailed analysis of monitor capabilities and limitations is presented along with a discussion of the interpretation of power line variations recorded at different monitoring locations.","PeriodicalId":177291,"journal":{"name":"IAS '96. Conference Record of the 1996 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Thirty-First IAS Annual Meeting","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115435484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comparison between two proposed boost topologies and conventional topologies for power factor correction","authors":"J. Wang, W. Dunford, K. Mauch","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1996.560232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1996.560232","url":null,"abstract":"A modified boost power converter with an extra LC branch paralleled with the active switch has been proved to have the same \"voltage follower\" property as the conventional boost power converter operating in discontinuous inductor current mode (DICM) In this paper, a new modified boost power converter which has an extra LC branch paralleled with the passive switch is proposed. It is proved that the new modified boost topology has continuous input inductor current when it operates in the DICM. By using coupled inductor techniques, the input inductor current can be made ripple free when it operates in the DICM. It is proved that the new modified power converter can retain the \"voltage follower\" property with any coupling coefficient value. A comparison between the new modified boost power converter, the existing modified boost power converter, conventional boost, the Cuk and Sepic power converters used in power factor correction is presented. Several advantages are found in the two proposed boost topologies. The differences between the two proposed boost topologies are also presented. The predicted theory is verified experimentally.","PeriodicalId":177291,"journal":{"name":"IAS '96. Conference Record of the 1996 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Thirty-First IAS Annual Meeting","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115942512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of inverter-fed high speed induction motor considering skew factor and crosspath resistance between adjacent rotor bars for wide speed range","authors":"K. Matsuse, N. Kaneko, T. Yoshida","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1996.557100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1996.557100","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work is to analyze and find out the effects of crosspath resistance between adjacent rotor bars, skew factor and skin effects on the rotor slot design of inverter-fed high speed cage induction motor driving for wide speed range. The performance of the induction motor drives for various values of crosspath resistance, and skew factor with the trapezoidal rotor bar is discussed on the basis of theoretical and simulation results of a 2.2 kW 500 Hz 15000 rpm three phase induction motor taking into account the skin effect of the rotor and the space harmonics. It is also shown that the equivalent rotor resistance and leakage reactance change with crosspath resistance between adjacent rotor bars, the harmonics, and the skew factor for various values of the fundamental supply frequency. In the paper, we also discuss the rotor slot-shape of the trapezoidal rotor slot for good efficiency and torque performance of the inverter-fed high speed cage induction motor for wide speed range.","PeriodicalId":177291,"journal":{"name":"IAS '96. Conference Record of the 1996 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Thirty-First IAS Annual Meeting","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114928628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Dubaniewicz, P. Kovalchik, L. W. Scott, M.A. Fuller
{"title":"Distributed measurement of conductor temperatures in mine trailing cables using fiber-optic technology","authors":"T. Dubaniewicz, P. Kovalchik, L. W. Scott, M.A. Fuller","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1996.563918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1996.563918","url":null,"abstract":"Mine trailing cables operated above safe thermal limits can cause premature insulation failure, increasing electrocution and fire hazards. Previous US Bureau of Mines (USBM) Pittsburgh Research Center research showed that, under static test conditions, electrical current levels permitted under present regulations may not limit cable temperatures to less than the 90/spl deg/C rating of reeled trailing cable. The USBM began a study of thermal characteristics of reeled trailing cable using dynamic test conditions more representative of field conditions where operators constantly reel in and pay out cable. This research is in support of efforts by industry associations and the Mine Safety and Health Administration to establish safety guidelines for cyclically rated reeled machines. The paper describes a unique approach to measuring temperatures within reeled cable under dynamic test conditions. Fiber-optic sensors embedded within the metallic conductors measure temperatures at 1-m intervals along the entire length of cable. Temperature measurements are reported to be accurate to within /spl plusmn/1/spl deg/C. The test setup requires access to only one end of the trailing cable, allowing researchers to freely reel in and pay out cable while temperature measurements are made, simulating field conditions. Manufacture of a fiber-optic-embedded trailing cable is described along with initial test results that indicate the fiber optic approach is viable.","PeriodicalId":177291,"journal":{"name":"IAS '96. Conference Record of the 1996 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Thirty-First IAS Annual Meeting","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115042218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polypropylene capacitors for snubber applications","authors":"S. Franco","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1996.559239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1996.559239","url":null,"abstract":"With so many types of capacitors available, circuit designers are faced with the challenge of selecting a capacitor that will be suitable for a specific snubber application. It is essential that the designer know the approximate conditions to which the capacitors will be exposed. The most important being peak voltage, temperature, dV/dt, and frequency. The designer may also be faced with constraints such as size, maximum allowable inductance and cost. Once these conditions and constraints are identified the designer can begin the selection process.","PeriodicalId":177291,"journal":{"name":"IAS '96. Conference Record of the 1996 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Thirty-First IAS Annual Meeting","volume":"75 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116349985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}