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Pengaruh Proses Pemutihan Multi Tahap Serat Selulosa Dari Limbah Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit 将纤维素纤维多级漂白过程对棕榈油废物的影响
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Pub Date : 2018-10-31 DOI: 10.24817/JKK.V40I2.3508
Athanasia Amanda Septevani, Dian Burhani, Sudiyarmanto Sudiyarmanto
{"title":"Pengaruh Proses Pemutihan Multi Tahap Serat Selulosa Dari Limbah Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit","authors":"Athanasia Amanda Septevani, Dian Burhani, Sudiyarmanto Sudiyarmanto","doi":"10.24817/JKK.V40I2.3508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24817/JKK.V40I2.3508","url":null,"abstract":"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kandungan selulosa limbah tandan kosong kelapa sawit melalui proses bertahap delignifikasi NaOH dilanjutkan dengan pemutihan menggunakan NaClO 2 . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan selulosa limbah tandan kosong kelapa sawit berhasil ditingkatkan hingga hampir dua kali dari 37,6 ± 0,3% menjadi 84,2 ± 0,3%. Lebih lanjut, proses pemutihan multi tahap menggunakan NaClO 2 dapat menurunkan kandungan lignin tandan kosong kelapa sawit menjadi sebesar 3,1 ± 0,2% hampir sama dengan standar selulosa, yaitu 2,6%. Penggunaan NaClO 2 juga mampu menurunkan kadar hemiselulosa  hingga 12,6%, lebih rendah dibandingkan standar selulosa, yaitu 16,6%. Dari hasil FTIR , gugus puncak serapan selulosa meningkat secara signifikan, sedangkan hemiselulosa dan lignin mengalami penurunan intensitas. Analisa SEM menunjukkan bahwa proses delignifikasi basa dan pemutihan menyebabkan permukaan serat TKS berpori dan bersih yang mengindikasikan berkurangnya lignin dan hemiselulosa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, proses delignifikasi NaOH dan pemutihan NaClO 2 memiliki selektivitas tinggi yang dapat secara simultan mengurangi kadar hemiselulosa dan lignin tanpa merusak struktur selulosa.","PeriodicalId":17728,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47641107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Profil Asam Lemak Dan Karakterisasi Minyak Biji Labu Kuning (Cucurbita moschata D.) 脂肪酸剖面和黄瓜籽油的特性(cucurita moschata D。)
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Pub Date : 2018-10-31 DOI: 10.24817/JKK.V40I2.3797
Hartati Soetjipto, Trisna Anggreini, Margareta Novian Cahyanti
{"title":"Profil Asam Lemak Dan Karakterisasi Minyak Biji Labu Kuning (Cucurbita moschata D.)","authors":"Hartati Soetjipto, Trisna Anggreini, Margareta Novian Cahyanti","doi":"10.24817/JKK.V40I2.3797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24817/JKK.V40I2.3797","url":null,"abstract":"Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memperoleh rendemen optimal minyak biji labu kuning ditinjau dari metode ekstraksi dan pelarut, menentukan sifat fisika kimia minyak biji labu kuning, serta menentukan komposisi minyak biji labu kuning dengan metode Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ( GC-MS ). Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), 4 perlakuan dan 6 kali ulangan. Sebagai perlakuan adalah penggunaan metode dan jenis pelarut sedangkan sebagai kelompok adalah waktu analisis. Pengujian antar rataan perlakuan dilakukan dengan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) dengan tingkat kebermaknaan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen minyak biji labu kuning optimal diperoleh dari penggunaan metode soxhlet dengan pelarut heksana yaitu sebesar 36,65 ± 2,20%. Minyak yang diperoleh berwarna merah kecoklatan berbau khas biji labu kuning dengan kadar air minyak 3,86 ± 1,21%; massa jenis minyak 0,83 ± 0,03 g/ml; kadar asam lemak bebas 6,56 ± 2,59%; bilangan asam 13,06 ± 5,15 mg KOH/g; bilangan peroksida 6,54 ± 0,09 meq O 2 /kg; dan bilangan penyabunan 199,44 ± 0,47 mg KOH/g. Hasil analisis G C-MS menunjukkan bahwa minyak biji labu kuning tersusun atas 4 komponen utama yaitu : asam palmitat (24,64%); asam linoleat (57,96%); asam stearat (6,83%); dan skualena (2,13% dan 8,44%).","PeriodicalId":17728,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44741787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Biodegradability of Cassava Edible Bioplastics in Landfill Soil and Plantation Soil 木薯食用生物塑料在填埋场土壤和人工林土壤中的可降解性
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Pub Date : 2018-10-31 DOI: 10.24817/jkk.v40i2.3596
Isroi Isroi, G. Supeni, D. Eris, A. A. Cahyaningtyas
{"title":"Biodegradability of Cassava Edible Bioplastics in Landfill Soil and Plantation Soil","authors":"Isroi Isroi, G. Supeni, D. Eris, A. A. Cahyaningtyas","doi":"10.24817/jkk.v40i2.3596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24817/jkk.v40i2.3596","url":null,"abstract":"Biodegrability of edible bioplastic made from cassava starch was evaluated by using landfill soil and plantation soil as natural inoculum. The edible bioplastics used in this study were bioplastic without and with addition of hydrophobic liquid. Biodegradation test of the bioplastic compared with conventional plastic samples were conducted in the glass jar for 60 days. The carbon dioxide generated from the biodegradation process absorbed by 0.1 N sodium hydroxide solutions. The carbon dioxide was titrated with 0.1 N HCl, using phenolphthalein and then followed by methyl orange as indicator. There was no carbon dioxide released from the conventional plastic during the test. Biodegradation of the bioplastic in plantation soil was higher than in landfill soil. Biodegradation rate of the bioplastic in landfill soil were 0.201 mg CO 2 /day and 0.249 mg CO 2 /day for bioplastic without and with hydrophobic liquid, respectively. Biodegradation rate of the bioplastic in plantation soil were 0.604 mg CO 2 /day and 0.424 mg CO 2 /day for bioplastic without and with hydrophobic liquid, respectively. Complete biodegradation of the bioplastic in landfill soil predicted in 431 days and 366 days, respectively. In other hand, complete biodegradation of the bioplastic in plantation soil predicted in 151 days and 201 days, respectively. Microbes population in the soil could be affected the biodegradation rate of the bioplastics.","PeriodicalId":17728,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41833521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Cover Vol.40 No.2 Okt 2018 封面第40卷第2期OKT 2018
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Pub Date : 2018-10-31 DOI: 10.24817/jkk.v40i2.4321
Jkk Editor
{"title":"Cover Vol.40 No.2 Okt 2018","authors":"Jkk Editor","doi":"10.24817/jkk.v40i2.4321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24817/jkk.v40i2.4321","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17728,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49255104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sintesis Dan Karakterisasi Hidrogel Poli (Vinil Alkohol) Maleat (PVAM) Dengan Pati Tapioka Termodifikasi Ekstrak Jahe 木薯帕蒂变性提取物Jahe合成聚马来酸氢乙烯酯（PVAM）及其性能研究
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Pub Date : 2018-10-31 DOI: 10.24817/JKK.V40I2.3562
Ediningsih Ediningsih, J. Pitono, E. Mardiana, Erizal Erizal
{"title":"Sintesis Dan Karakterisasi Hidrogel Poli (Vinil Alkohol) Maleat (PVAM) Dengan Pati Tapioka Termodifikasi Ekstrak Jahe","authors":"Ediningsih Ediningsih, J. Pitono, E. Mardiana, Erizal Erizal","doi":"10.24817/JKK.V40I2.3562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24817/JKK.V40I2.3562","url":null,"abstract":"Modifikasi hidrogel dengan polimer alami mulai banyak dikembangkan. Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk mendapatkan hidrogel dengan kualitas mutu yang lebih baik dan ramah lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan pati tapioka yang telah dimodifikasi dengan ekstrak jahe pada hidrogel PVAM hasil sintesis PVA dengan maleat anhidrida (MA) menggunakan inisiator aluminium persulfat (K 2 S 2 O 8 ). Sintesis hidrogel dilakukan dengan reaksi kopolimerisasi cangkok. Parameter yang diamati meliputi analisis gugus fungsi dengan spektroskopi FTIR ( Fourier transform infrared ), fraksi gel, derajat pengembangan, dan derajat grafting . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa puncak serapan dari hidrogel PVAM- g -tapioka jahe lebih lemah dibandingkan PVAM yang ditandai dengan ikatan C=C pada bilangan gelombang 1625 cm - 1. Nilai fraksi gel dan derajat grafting hidrogel PVAM- g -tapioka jahe (85,42% dan 97,62%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan PVAM- g -tapioka (76,56% dan 92,19%). Akan tetapi, derajat pengembangan hidrogel PVAM- g -tapioka jahe lebih rendah (275,72%) dibandingkan PVAM- g -tapioka (286,58%). Penelitian ini memberikan informasi bahwa penambahan ekstrak jahe dapat meningkatkan sifat fisik dari hidrogel PVAM- g -tapioka.","PeriodicalId":17728,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46516477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Pengaruh Kadar Air Dan Jenis Plastisizer Terhadap Sifat Fisik Plastik Biodegradable Dari Campuran Pati Jagung Dan Polivinil Alkohol 水份和可塑性对玉米淀粉和聚乙烯酒精混合物的可生物降解塑料的物理性质的影响
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Pub Date : 2010-05-05 DOI: 10.24817/jkk.v0i0.4824
Budi Utami, Hendartini Hendartini
{"title":"Pengaruh Kadar Air Dan Jenis Plastisizer Terhadap Sifat Fisik Plastik Biodegradable Dari Campuran Pati Jagung Dan Polivinil Alkohol","authors":"Budi Utami, Hendartini Hendartini","doi":"10.24817/jkk.v0i0.4824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24817/jkk.v0i0.4824","url":null,"abstract":"Recently the use of plastic packaging is become avoided because their waste will create environmental problem. As an alternative choice the use of biodegradable plastic packaging has been developed Research on biodegradable plastic has been carried out to study the effect of water content and kind of plasticizer on mechanical properties of the biodegradable plastic made from corn starch and polyvinyl alcohol. The result shows that water can increase the elongation of the plastic, but on the other hand it can decrease the tensile strength and barrier properties by increasing the water vapour transsmision rate. Therefore the use of water as a plasticizer must be mixed with other plasticizer such as glycerol, sorbitol, polyethylene glycol and glycerol monostearate. In this study the best result is by using mixture of water andsorbitol with ratio = 5: I and the ratio of solid material (starch + PVOH +nucleating agent) and plasticizer = 1 : I.","PeriodicalId":17728,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69171339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Diversifikasi Minyak Kenanga Melalui Penyulingan Uap Terfraksinasi. 通过炼金术蒸汽使Kenanga油多样化。
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Pub Date : 2010-05-05 DOI: 10.24817/JKK.V0I0.4823
A. Moestafa, Endang Djubaedah, Enjang Ahdiansyah
{"title":"Diversifikasi Minyak Kenanga Melalui Penyulingan Uap Terfraksinasi.","authors":"A. Moestafa, Endang Djubaedah, Enjang Ahdiansyah","doi":"10.24817/JKK.V0I0.4823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24817/JKK.V0I0.4823","url":null,"abstract":"An attempt to diversify Java Cananga Oil (Canangium odoratum Bail) into several grades like Ylang-ylang oil (Canangium odoratum genuina) to gain a better price in the world market had been conducted. In this experiment the distillation of cananga oil was divided into six fractions, each fraction four hours, namely the first four hours fraction, the second four hours and so on up to six fractions of four hours distillation. Each fraction was collected and analyzed for its ester value and its refractive indices. From the experiment it was found that the first fraction has the highest ester value namely 61. 68, the 2nd fraction to the 6 st fraction were 45.81; 38.02; 26.92 and 26.01 respectively. From the result it was found that the first fraction has the highest ester value (61. 68), which is within the range of ylang-ylang oil grade 3. Base on the results above Java Cananga Oil might be grouped into four grades, namely the Super cananga oil has minimum 60 ester value, grade 1 has 45 to 60, grade 2 has 35 to 45 and grade 3 has 20 to 35.","PeriodicalId":17728,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69171326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stabilisasi Dan Kemungkinan Penggunaan Kembali (Reuse) Lumpur B3 Industri Elektroplating 稳定和可能的重复使用B3电镀工业泥
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Pub Date : 2010-03-03 DOI: 10.24817/JKK.V0I0.4820
D. Rahmi
{"title":"Stabilisasi Dan Kemungkinan Penggunaan Kembali (Reuse) Lumpur B3 Industri Elektroplating","authors":"D. Rahmi","doi":"10.24817/JKK.V0I0.4820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24817/JKK.V0I0.4820","url":null,"abstract":"Sludge from waste water treatment of electroplating industry contains hazardous waste. Before sludge is dumped to landfill it's need treatment to reduce hazard matter. One of general treatment is sludge stabilization by adding cement and sand to get concrete block.From these research shows that sand is playing important role in binding heavy metal in cement. The mixing between sand, cement and sludge I: I: 2 as per standard for landfill (PP. no 85, 1999) can stabilized sludge but can not reuse as a building material because still contains heavy metal.","PeriodicalId":17728,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69171776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Daur Ulang KKG Bekas 旋转KKG文件
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Pub Date : 2010-03-03 DOI: 10.24817/JKK.V0I0.4818
Triyanto Hadisoemarto
{"title":"Daur Ulang KKG Bekas","authors":"Triyanto Hadisoemarto","doi":"10.24817/JKK.V0I0.4818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24817/JKK.V0I0.4818","url":null,"abstract":"Old Corrugated Container (OCC) is generally corrugated carton material and can range in cleanliness from boxplant clippings to post consumer or grocery store waste. OCC fa· recycled and used in addition to virgin wood fiber in manufacturing a number of g; ades of paper, especially linerboard and corrugating medium. The converting process poses a recycling problem because of the stickies contaminants associated with these operations,nevertheless the size can be reduced by wet end chemical additives. Meanwhile, a new process for upgrading of recycled fibers involves the use of oxygen delignification which gives the fiber a more 'virgin like' character through the softening and better swelling properties that result from lignin removal, has been introduced.","PeriodicalId":17728,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69171709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pemilihan Sifat-Sifat Kg Sebagai Bahan Kkg Untuk Kemasan Produk B3 Golongan II 产品B3包装II作为Kkg物质的Kg特性选择
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Pub Date : 2010-03-03 DOI: 10.24817/jkk.v0i0.4819
B. Utami
{"title":"Pemilihan Sifat-Sifat Kg Sebagai Bahan Kkg Untuk Kemasan Produk B3 Golongan II","authors":"B. Utami","doi":"10.24817/jkk.v0i0.4819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24817/jkk.v0i0.4819","url":null,"abstract":"Corrugated boxes as a transport packaging can reduce the damage of the contents during transportation. The packaging should conform with the design type and should be completely tested in accordance with the requirements of the UN Standard. Experiment has been carried out to determine the specification of fibreboard sheet which is used for corrugated boxes for group II dangerous goods. The type of corrugated boxes is Regular Slotted Container (RSC) with inner dimension 457 x 314 x 290 mm and 20 kg by weight.The transport: simulation test of corrugated boxes showed that the optimum physical properties of fibreboard were double wall, flute CIB , total gramage 850 g!nl , burshting strenght 12, 12 kg[/ cm2 and compression strength 4,39 kN/m.","PeriodicalId":17728,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69171759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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