{"title":"Vehicle environment description and interpretation using conceptual graphs","authors":"Natasa Boroch, T. Heger","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2010.5624995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2010.5624995","url":null,"abstract":"The video-based driver assistance systems are an important part of the vehicle safety strategy. The ego vehicle environment description in several frames provided by monocular camera was used in this work to depict the relations between the ego vehicle and other objects, as well as the relations of those objects between each other. Based on this information the behavior of the objects could be predicted. The conceptual graphs application for a scene description and interpretation has been introduced and the functionality has been shown on the real traffic situation.","PeriodicalId":176645,"journal":{"name":"13th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116120841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David Orchansky, Stewart Worrall, A. Maclean, E. Nebot
{"title":"Designing a user interface for improving the awareness of mining vehicle operators","authors":"David Orchansky, Stewart Worrall, A. Maclean, E. Nebot","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2010.5625102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2010.5625102","url":null,"abstract":"Vehicle accidents are a major concern in open pit mines around the world. Factors such as visibility, fatigue and human error are the cause of many collisions in surface mines. These factors have a direct impact in the awareness of the vehicle operators. Intelligent transportation systems can address these factors and consequently benefit vehicular safety. Technology has the potential to effectively aid the operator in the tasks of driving and positively contribute in the overall safety of the mine. However, the design and implementation of these systems and their user interfaces is not trivial. This paper presents a strategy for improving the driver's awareness and introduces the design of a user interface that helps the operator in the process of decision making. The system infers the presence of nearby threats and high risk situations and communicates this information to the operator in a combination of audio-visual cues. This paper presents an overview of the mechanism designed to infer high risk situations. Experimental results obtained from real-life operation of the system in several mine sites in Australia and overseas demonstrated how the information provided can enhance the operator's awareness and contribute to an improvement in vehicle safety.","PeriodicalId":176645,"journal":{"name":"13th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"240 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116291671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Bazzi, B. Masini, G. Pasolini, Paolomaria Torreggiani
{"title":"Telecommunication systems enabling real time navigation","authors":"A. Bazzi, B. Masini, G. Pasolini, Paolomaria Torreggiani","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2010.5625014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2010.5625014","url":null,"abstract":"Traffic is one of the most important problems in industrialized countries: roads are getting more and more crowded, especially during rush hours, with heavy consequences on people's quality of life, accidents, pollution, and fuel consumption. The transmission of up-to-date traffic information to on-board navigators would allow the redistribution of traffic flows over alternative routes, thus reducing road congestions and slowdowns. In this paper we investigate the possibility to send the information on the average-speed in any road of interest to on-board navigators by means of current broadcast and unicast communication technologies. A discussion on the most convenient transmission strategy will also be given with reference to real scenarios.","PeriodicalId":176645,"journal":{"name":"13th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116298543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Non-linear compensation of vehicle signatures captured from electromagnetic sensors with application to vehicle re-identification","authors":"J. Ernst, J. Krogmeier, D. Bullock","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2010.5625132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2010.5625132","url":null,"abstract":"The distribution of travel times over a link in a transportation network can be estimated by observing the actual travel times of individual vehicles traversing the link and creating a histogram of the observations. The fundamental building block of travel time estimation is the re-idenfication of vehicles. A variety of techniques can be used for re-identification, but this paper focuses on electromagnetic signatures. The travel time distribution can be sampled using time-stamped signatures captured from vehicles along with an algorithm for signature matching. The method works well for free flowing traffic on a limited access highway, but to apply it on arterials it is necessary to compensate for vehicle acceleration over the sensors, which is manifested as a nonlinear scaling of the time axis in the captured signatures. In this paper we show how to estimate the acceleration from signatures captured from a loop trap and how to compensate for the effect of both varying velocities and acceleration. The results are summarized in terms of receiver operating characteristics to demonstrate the performance improvements associated with velocity and acceleration compensation. When applied to signature matching over a relatively long link it is shown that acceleration compensation offers significant improvement in matching performance.","PeriodicalId":176645,"journal":{"name":"13th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"375 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126719309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Testing cooperative systems with the mars simulator","authors":"B. Netten, H. Wedemeijer","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2010.5624981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2010.5624981","url":null,"abstract":"The complexity of cooperative systems makes the use of high fidelity simulation essential in the development and testing of cooperative applications and their interactions with other cooperative systems. In SAFESPOT a simulator test bench is setup to test the safety margin applications running on multiple vehicles and road side units. This paper presents the MARS simulator, its integration in the simulator test bench, and how it is used to test the safety margin concept in safety critical situations. MARS is a high-fidelity multi-agent simulator that models the behavior of individual hardware and software components. MARS enables the simulation of a virtual environment, including its interaction with other application units, sensors, data fusion, communication and the Local Dynamic Map, for testing a single application unit. The extensions to MARS provide the flexibility to scale up the virtual environment to partially and fully integrated applications. This results in a test bench that supports collaborative development and testing of cooperative systems up to the system integration phase.","PeriodicalId":176645,"journal":{"name":"13th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120961712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Leal, Matthias Röckl, Bernhard Kloiber, F. Müller, T. Strang
{"title":"Information-centric opportunistic data dissemination in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks","authors":"M. Leal, Matthias Röckl, Bernhard Kloiber, F. Müller, T. Strang","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2010.5625053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2010.5625053","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the problem of efficient data dissemination in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs), which particularly suffer from changing densities in the network topology due to congested and sparse traffic on the roads. We present a new network layer protocol in the family of geographic network protocols, which makes use of distance and time information following a dissemination strategy to efficiently distribute messages adapting to the varying densities in VANETs. We have evaluated the protocol in different road density scenarios and its performance has been proved in comparison to two other recent protocols of the art.","PeriodicalId":176645,"journal":{"name":"13th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121024657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A method for the reproduction of vehicle test drives for the simulation based evaluation of image processing algorithms","authors":"M. Nentwig, M. Stamminger","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2010.5625005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2010.5625005","url":null,"abstract":"Since the 1980's computer aided engineering (CAE) and simulation (CAS) methods are widely used in the car development process. First the focus was set on crash simulation and car body design. Since a few years due to the rapidly increasing complexity of new electronic systems these techniques are applied in the development and test processes of advanced driving assistance systems (ADAS). There are a lot of motivations, such as cost reduction and safety issues. As a result of these efforts it is possible to reduce the development cycle times and to increase the quality of the products drastically. In this publication the next step in computer aided engineering is taken. The reproduction of a real test drive is described and simulation quality is examined by a vehicle detection algorithm. First an introduction about the motivation for using synthetic generated images for the test of computer vision applications is given. The next section of this paper deals with vehicle detection in general and gives a more detailed introduction to appearance based methods, especially the used Haar-wavelet based approach. The method for the reproduction of a real test drive is described in detail and the application is shown. The results are evaluated by comparing the detection results of classifier between simulation and reality frame by frame. Further the relevant frames of the evaluation are analysed. Finally, a conclusion and outlook about the possible applications and improvements is made","PeriodicalId":176645,"journal":{"name":"13th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116769621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Görmer, S. Hold, A. Kummert, U. Iurgel, M. Meuter
{"title":"Multi-exposure image acquisition for automotive high dynamic range imaging","authors":"S. Görmer, S. Hold, A. Kummert, U. Iurgel, M. Meuter","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2010.5625024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2010.5625024","url":null,"abstract":"Image acquisition is the elementary step on the way to a performing vision-based Driver Assistance System (DAS). Any visual information lost in the capturing process is irretrievably gone. Many application approaches do not consider any influence on the camera, but take the image data as is from the capturing device. This paper starts with an overview of the most relevant solutions of high dynamic range (HDR) imaging and introduces a novel and real-time capable approach of using multiple low dynamic range (LDR) images from an automotive camera. Especially the automatic exposure and gain control for the different exposed images is in the focus. In the next step the HDR histogram linearization and image fusion to a final 8-bit HDR-image is shown. The exposure control algorithm is proven to be fast and stable. The resulting image shows both dark and bright details accurately.","PeriodicalId":176645,"journal":{"name":"13th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131576684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Real-time obstacle detection in complex scenarios using dense stereo vision and optical flow","authors":"C. Pantilie, S. Nedevschi","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2010.5625174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2010.5625174","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile robots as well as tomorrows intelligent vehicles acting in complex dynamic environments must be able to detect both static and moving obstacles. In intersections or crowded urban areas this task proves to be highly demanding. Stereo vision has been extensively used for this task, as it provides a large amount of data. Since it does not reveal any motion information, static and dynamic objects immediately next to each other, or closely positioned obstacles moving in different directions are often merged into a single obstacle. In this paper we address these problems through a powerful fusion between 3D position information delivered by the stereo sensor and 3D motion information, derived from optical flow, in a depth-adaptive occupancy grid. The proposed model is presented and then applied for determining obstacle localization, orientation and speed.","PeriodicalId":176645,"journal":{"name":"13th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134380887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ground truth evaluation of the Stixel representation using laser scanners","authors":"D. Pfeiffer, S. Morales, A. Barth, Uwe Franke","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2010.5625017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2010.5625017","url":null,"abstract":"Modern real-time dense stereo vision provides precise depth information for nearly every pixel of an image, indicating stereo cameras as a key sensor for future vehicle safety systems. Efficient analysis of this large amount of data by different tasks running in parallel asks for a medium level representation that decouples application specific analysis from low-level vision. Recently, the so called “Stixel World” has been proposed. It models the objects in the scene, implicitly separates them from the ground plane, encodes the freespace to maneuver and thus represents the scene in a highly compact manner that supports different recognition tasks efficiently. The potential of this new representation depends on the accuracy that can be achieved. Therefore, this paper analyzes the precision of this representation using a high performance laser scanner as reference sensor. The statistical analysis confirms the high accuracy as expected from visual inspection.","PeriodicalId":176645,"journal":{"name":"13th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"621 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134483870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}