{"title":"Supporting School Resilience: A Study on a Sample of Teachers after the 2016/2017 Seismic Events in Central Italy","authors":"A. Salerni, A. Vaccarelli","doi":"10.7358/ECPS-2019-019-SALE","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7358/ECPS-2019-019-SALE","url":null,"abstract":"Between 2016 and 2017, a series of high-intensity earthquakes devastated Central Italy, with great repercussions on the lives of people and local communities. The article reports the results of a research concerning the impact of the catastrophe on the school world, on the teaching profession and on the behavior of the students. Special attention was paid to teachers’ resilient skills and their professional responses in catastrophic situations. For the survey, we used a questionnaire and a test for the study of resilience, administered to a sample of 477 teachers from Lazio and Abruzzo. The results showed that the experience of the catastrophe has a significant influence on teaching professionalism, professional motivation, levels of resilience and behaviors observed in the students. In the light of the results, it is possible to state that in emergency situations teacher training on help relationship and resilience becomes a crucial factor in supporting their professionalism, with important repercussions on students and on school organization.","PeriodicalId":175961,"journal":{"name":"ECPS - Educational Cultural and Psychological Studies","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127308930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elisa Cavicchiolo, L. Girelli, F. Lucidi, S. Manganelli, Fabio Alivernini
{"title":"The Classmates Social Isolation Questionnaire for Adolescents (CSIQ-A): Validation and Invariance across Immigrant Background, Gender and Socioeconomic Level","authors":"Elisa Cavicchiolo, L. Girelli, F. Lucidi, S. Manganelli, Fabio Alivernini","doi":"10.7358/ECPS-2019-019-CAVI","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7358/ECPS-2019-019-CAVI","url":null,"abstract":"It is widely acknowledged that the social relationships of adolescents with their classmates can have a significant impact on their adjustment to the school environment and their psychological well-being. This study, based on a random sample of 36,712 students, investigates the psychometric properties and the validity of the Classmates Social Isolation Questionnaire for Adolescents (CSIQ-A), a time-efficient instrument intended to measure peer relatedness at school. Confirmatory factor analysis established the bidimensional structure of the scale. The CSIQ-A showed measurement invariance across gender and across students with different immigrant backgrounds and socioeconomic status. A positive correlation between peer acceptance, peer friendship and positive affect provided support for the criterion validity of the measure. The CSIQ-A proved to be a psychometrically sound measure, which can be reliably used with adolescents with different sociodemographic and cultural characteristics. In conclusion, the CSIQ-A makes it possible to directly measure the effects of classroom interventions that are aimed at promoting peer relatedness and preventing social isolation.","PeriodicalId":175961,"journal":{"name":"ECPS - Educational Cultural and Psychological Studies","volume":"26 11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130633893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mostafa Deldoost, P. Mohammadzadeh, Mohammadtaghi Saeedi, A. Akbari
{"title":"The Cognitive Reflection Test and Numeracy as a Predictor of Students’ Choice of Major in Undergraduate Programs","authors":"Mostafa Deldoost, P. Mohammadzadeh, Mohammadtaghi Saeedi, A. Akbari","doi":"10.7358/ECPS-2019-019-DELD","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7358/ECPS-2019-019-DELD","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, choosing a field of study is one of the most important decisions people make. In this regard, the existence of individual differences can affect the decision-making process, as several studies have shown the influence of cognitive bias on how indi viduals make decisions and employ the process of judgment, which depend on their cognitive abilities. The purpose of this study is to examine the predictive features of the Cognitive Reflection Test and numeracy skills for the probability of choosing a field of study for first-year college students at University of Tabriz. For this purpose, by using a simple random sampling method, a number of 117 freshmen from the faculties of Medicine, Engineering, Humanities, and Economics at the University of Tabriz were selected, and two cognitive reflection and numeracy tests were conducted with them. The results of the regression analysis showed that higher CRT and numeracy have a positive and significant effect on choosing a field in engineering and pharmacy faculties.","PeriodicalId":175961,"journal":{"name":"ECPS - Educational Cultural and Psychological Studies","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132987280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Promuovere la qualità della didattica universitaria. La Formative Educational Evaluation in uno studio pilota dell’Ateneo bolognese","authors":"Nicoletta Balzaretti, Ira Vannini","doi":"10.7358/ECPS-2018-018-BALZ","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7358/ECPS-2018-018-BALZ","url":null,"abstract":"Promoting the quality of higher education teaching entails a focus on the innovation of teaching-learning processes in the university context that are both effectively oriented on developing high skills for all students and based on institutional conditions which are facilitating the quality of the teaching processes, and on qualified teachers. Within this perspective, we can place the Formative Educational Evaluation Project for the development of higher education Quality of Alma Mater Studiorum Universita di Bologna: it starts from an analysis of input, context, process and product quality indicators of a specific course of study in order to explore deeply teachers’ training needs and act effectively on them with appropriate training actions. The cyclic and recursive process started in the academic year 2016/2017; it puts the university professor as a focused and strategic element, the main actor of the renewal of higher education teaching and privileged observer of the teaching-learning contexts that take place within the Degree. The Pilot study’s first results and data on students and teachers are reported in this article; they brought the researchers into an analysis of teaching needs in the field of higher education.","PeriodicalId":175961,"journal":{"name":"ECPS - Educational Cultural and Psychological Studies","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129903688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Per un nuovo dibattito in campo educativo","authors":"A. Calvani","doi":"10.7358/10.7358/ECPS-2018-018-CAL2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7358/10.7358/ECPS-2018-018-CAL2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":175961,"journal":{"name":"ECPS - Educational Cultural and Psychological Studies","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127772201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Soft Skill Assessment in Higher Education","authors":"P. Ricchiardi, Federica Emanuel","doi":"10.7358/ECPS-2018-018-RICC","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7358/ECPS-2018-018-RICC","url":null,"abstract":"Soft skills are defined as socio-emotional abilities, important for personal development, social participation, academic and work achievement, and are ideally opposite to specific technical skills. University is today called to adapt to the demands of a complex and mutable labour market, where it is important to support the graduates’ employability and to prepare future professionals who possess, in addition to technical skills, also soft skills. The University of Turin has introduced a theoretical and methodological reflection about soft skills’assessment and development in its students, through the Passport.Unito Project. According to international literature, a model of 12 soft skills was set up (Bennett et al., 1999; Heckman & Kautz, 2016): area of task (problem solving and decision making, time and space management, adoption of strategies adequate in tackling the task); area of the self (self-enhancement, emotional self-regulation, enterprise); motivational area (goal orientation, causal attribution, resilience); area of the interpersonal relationships (teamwork, communication, conflict management). The Project considers the development of a soft skills self-assessment tool (PassporTest), aimed at providing a description of the level of the different soft skills in the model. In this study are presented the validation data (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, reliability, validity) and the results of a first survey on a large sample of students from different University degree programs (N = 1048).","PeriodicalId":175961,"journal":{"name":"ECPS - Educational Cultural and Psychological Studies","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132428372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Didactic Contract as a Key to Interpreting Gender Differences in Maths","authors":"G. Bolondi, F. Ferretti, Chiara Giberti","doi":"10.7358/ECPS-2018-018-BOLO","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7358/ECPS-2018-018-BOLO","url":null,"abstract":"Research, at both national and international levels, has started to focus on the gender gap regarding student performances in technological/scientific topics. Fervent ideological and epistemological debates have sprung up, particularly concerning the differences in mathematics test results between males and females (with males outshining females in most countries). In this paper, we analyse some questions taken from the INVALSI mathematics tests administered at varying educational stages; emergent didactic phenomena are investigated via one of the key concepts of mathematics education, the didactic contract. From a quantitative analysis, based on the percentage of answers given and Rasch Model results, it is possible to identify the presence of significant gender differences between the performances which can be traced back to the effects of the didactic contract. Furthermore, study of the features which accompany these gender gaps in the case studies allows us to investigate the gender gap in mathematics via a new interpretative method which also takes into account student ability levels.","PeriodicalId":175961,"journal":{"name":"ECPS - Educational Cultural and Psychological Studies","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127809108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conceptions of Learning, Well-being, and Creativity in Older Adults","authors":"Rosália Cera, C. Cristini, A. Antonietti","doi":"10.7358/ECPS-2018-018-CERA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7358/ECPS-2018-018-CERA","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this study is to investigate the conceptions of learning shared by older adults and to assess the relationships of such conceptions with creativity and satisfaction with life. A sample of 322 older adults (mean age = 72 years) attending Universities of the Third Age were administered the shortened version of a questionnaire aimed at capturing opinions and feelings associated to learning, a task from the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Age, gender, schooling, occupation, marital status, and hobbies of the participants were taken into account. Factorial analyses showed that different conceptions of learning can be identified and that some of them are affected by age, gender, and the hobbies practised by the respondents. Older participants and women considered learning as an interpersonal and focused process to a larger extent. Older participants expressed negative feelings about learning, whereas women expressed positive feelings. Satisfaction with life changed according to marital status with married people scoring higher. Creative skills decreased with age and were influenced by gender, level of education, marital status, and hobbies practiced. Associations between conceptions of learning and satisfaction with life and creativity emerged. Implications for interventions addressing older adults’ well-being are discussed.","PeriodicalId":175961,"journal":{"name":"ECPS - Educational Cultural and Psychological Studies","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128856112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Porta Futuro Lazio: l’innovazione possibile nel servizio pubblico per lo sviluppo dell’occupabilità in ottica lifelong learning","authors":"Massimiliano Smeriglio","doi":"10.7358/ecps-2018-018-smer","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7358/ecps-2018-018-smer","url":null,"abstract":"The country is paying the consequences of a harsh economic and a social crisis that have wholly characterized the last decade. Citizens have been waiting so long for the public service’s reform aimed to the employment development and to the matching between job-demand and job-offer. The current common perception shows how the Employment Centers do not seem able to give effective responses to citizen’s professional expectations and entreprise’s requirements. The article describes the evolution, the methodology and the results of the European best practice Porta Futuro. A particular emphasis is put on the results of the service’s innovation. This consist in taking charge, even emotionally, of citizens in very hard employment situations, offering them continuing education according to a pedagogical approach that invests in empowerment and awareness. The text, which includes a depth research on service’s functionality and the possibility to replicate it on a national level, is a contribution to facilitate the research of professional opportunities through the typical Italian society cultural heterogeneity.","PeriodicalId":175961,"journal":{"name":"ECPS - Educational Cultural and Psychological Studies","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127005622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Girelli, F. Alivernini, S. Salvatore, M. Cozzolino, Maurizio Sibilio, F. Lucidi
{"title":"Affrontare i primi esami: motivazione, supporto all’autonomia e percezione di controllo predicono il rendimento degli studenti universitari del primo anno","authors":"L. Girelli, F. Alivernini, S. Salvatore, M. Cozzolino, Maurizio Sibilio, F. Lucidi","doi":"10.7358/ECPS-2018-018-GIRE","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7358/ECPS-2018-018-GIRE","url":null,"abstract":"Dropout rates in Italy are very high, particularly in freshmen students (Anvur, 2016). University students’ academic achievement has been found to prevent dropout. The present study tested a predicting model of academic achievement in first-year university students based on self-determination theory, through a longitudinal design with two points in time. Freshmen students in a bachelor program of an Italian university (N = 313; M age = 21.34 years; SD = 4.74; 72.2% female) completed measures of perceived autonomy support from parents and teachers, autonomous motivation, perceived academic control, and intention to drop out from university at the start of their academic year. At the end of the first-semester, information about students’ academic achievement have been collected from the department office. Results from structural equation modeling analyses supported the hypothesized model. Specifically, perceived autonomy support from parents and teachers predicted perceived academic control via autonomous motives; perceived academic control predicted intention to dropout, which, in turn, predicts academic achievement. A major contribution was demonstrating the important role of perceived autonomy support and perceived academic control in freshman students’ academic achievement. These findings could provide a contribution in implementing adequate intervention supporting freshman students in order to promote academic achievement and, consequently, to prevent dropout from university.","PeriodicalId":175961,"journal":{"name":"ECPS - Educational Cultural and Psychological Studies","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126181228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}