Journal of Veterinary Behavior-clinical Applications and Research最新文献

{"title":"Detection of wood-decay by Ganoderma adspersum in elm trees – A pilot study using a trained dog","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jveb.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jveb.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of biodetection dogs is increasing but systematic approaches to their certification and validation are lacking. In this pilot study, the ANSI/ASB standard 088 (2020) was used to assess the performance of a dog trained to detect wood-decay caused by the parasitic fungus <em>Ganoderma adspersum</em> in elm trees. Controlled tests were followed up with a field study where the dog examined elms in two cities. The health of the elms indicated by the dog and a number of trees that were not indicated were followed up by sonic tomography and visual inspection. The pilot showed that the dogs performance during the controlled testing was similar to the performance during the field study: an overall sensitivity of 91% during the controlled tests and a positive predictive value (PPV) of 81% during the field study. Where the dog was able to assess 30–60 trees in an hour, sonic tomography takes at least an hour per tree. Combining a biodetection dog trained to detect <em>G. adspersum</em> into routine tree inspections can help to identify the pathogen earlier than tree inspectors can and focus resources efficiently.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Behavior-clinical Applications and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142310859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Board/Table of Contents","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1558-7878(24)00076-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1558-7878(24)00076-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Behavior-clinical Applications and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1558787824000765/pdfft?md5=ef13b5aaccc130efc445c51f24c155b0&pid=1-s2.0-S1558787824000765-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142168752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obedience training helps encourage potential owners to adopt shelter dogs","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jveb.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jveb.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Stray animals are one of the contributors to animal welfare issues worldwide. They endanger the health of both animals and humans as spreaders of infectious diseases. Many stray dogs end up in shelters. Despite increasing public education about dog welfare and the importance of adoption, the number of dogs in animal shelters is not decreasing. Therefore, it is important to find suitable methods of training dogs so that they are more desirable for adoption, thus improving both dogs and people welfare. A total of three obedience training experiments with shelter dogs were carried out using modified methodologies from international scientists. The results reveal that shelter dogs respond better to treats, verbal praise, and stroking as opposed to clicker training alone. After applying these methods, dogs living in shelters were trained to sit on cue after a brief period of time. The learned “sit” request was found to be retained by the dog even after a change of training location and/or trainer. These findings might help train dogs faster and increase adoptability as basic obedience is shown to be a highly desirable behavior among potential pet guardians. By training canines with positive behavior traits like obedience and composure, in animal shelters, adoption rates can be increased.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Behavior-clinical Applications and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141934151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why is training detection dogs so complex?","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jveb.2024.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jveb.2024.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Behavior-clinical Applications and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142168753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Will dogs sniff out social rank? The use of detection dog in wolf scat identification","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jveb.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jveb.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of conservation dogs is rapidly increasing. These canine units are usually employed to discriminate target species odor from nontarget ones to monitor or aid in the conservation of species. Although the ability of dogs to identify individuals from the odor of fecal samples is well known, there are no studies yet investigating the ability of dogs to identify social status through scats. Therefore, we conducted a case study to test the effectiveness of a dog in identifying the scats of breeder wolves and ignoring offspring ones. The dog was trained using a multiple-choice carousel in a training/testing protocol. We show that training on three different breeders wolves enabled the dog to identify all the breeder wolves used in the study, indicating rapid generalization of the dog and an ability to train the odor concept. The dog's ability to identify only breeder wolves allows researchers to optimize sample collection in the field for estimating population size by noninvasive genetic analysis and reducing costs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Behavior-clinical Applications and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142098011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating and contextualizing volatile organic compounds in dog training breath samples from a patient with type 1 diabetes","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jveb.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jveb.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tight control of blood glucose can reduce the risk of severe health consequences of type 1 diabetes. For individuals with impaired awareness of hypoglycemia, glycemic control can be especially challenging. Fear of hypoglycemic events can lead individuals to adjust their glucose management resulting in poor glycemic control. Glycemic alert dogs trained on breath odor have been shown to accurately alert to changes in blood glucose in individuals with type 1 diabetes, providing them with an opportunity to intervene before dangerous fluctuations occur. By analyzing the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of breath samples used during glycemic alert dog training, the aim of this study is to see if we, too, can detect differences in odor associated with blood glucose in type 1 diabetes. Breath samples from an individual with type 1 diabetes were collected during euglycemia, hypoglycemia, and hyperglycemia and analyzed using thermal desorption gas-chromatography time-of-flight mass-spectrometry. Statistical analysis with permutational multivariate analysis of variance, canonical analysis of principal coordinates, and random forest found significant differences in VOC profiles at different blood glucose concentrations. In addition, factors such as collection material, day of sample collection, and storage length had significant effects on the VOC profiles of samples. These findings show the complexity of the samples glycemic alert dogs are presented with and can direct future sample collection, storage, and training protocols. Despite variations associated with collection methods, differences associated with blood glucose remained detectable, suggesting the odors used by glycemic alert dogs to detect hypoglycemia are preserved in training samples.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Behavior-clinical Applications and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142098012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melatonin modulates behavioral and oxidative stress responses in donkeys (Equus asinus) subjected to packing during hot-dry conditions","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jveb.2024.06.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jveb.2024.06.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of melatonin administration on oxidative stress and behavioral responses immediately (1-h) post-packing and 16-h post-packing circadian rhythms in donkeys during hot-dry conditions. Twenty healthy pack donkeys (15 males and five non-pregnant females), aged 2–3 years with average weight of 93 ± 2.7 kg were divided into two groups randomly. Melatonin was administered at a dose of 10 mg per donkey for 7 days to group 1 donkeys (packing + melatonin) that were subjected to packing (load-carrying), group 2 (packing–melatonin) donkeys were packed only without melatonin administration. The donkeys trekked covering 20 km, three times during the one week experiment, one day apart. Meteorological parameters were recorded during the study period. Serum harvested from the blood sample collected from each donkey before and after packing was analysed for oxidative stress biomarkers. Behavioral parameters were evaluated using the focal animal sampling technique for 1 h immediately (1-h) after packing and at expiration of 16-h post-packing, covering 27-h period at 3-h intervals. Melatonin reduced oxidative stress by preventing reduction in catalase activity and total antioxidant capacity in packing + melatonin donkeys. Melatonin exerted anti-stress effects on behavioral activities in the treated donkeys post-packing by significantly reducing (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) the percent duration of grooming, walking and standing, but significantly increasing (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) the percent duration of feeding, compared to the control donkeys. In conclusion, melatonin exerted beneficial effects against stresses due to packing and heat, and influenced the circadian rhythms of behavioral activities. Its administration may reduce the risk of negative effects of environmental heat stress and stress due to packing in donkeys during hot-dry conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Behavior-clinical Applications and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142128511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavior and reactivity during milking of Holstein, Gyr, and Girolando-F1 cows at the beginning of lactation","authors":"Sheila Cristina Bosco Stivanin, Elissa Forgiarini Vizzotto, Júlia Fernandes Aires, Anne Rosi Guadagnin, Arthur Fernandes Bettencourt, Fernanda Samarini Machado, Mariana Magalhães Campos, Thierry Ribeiro Tomich, Luiz Gustavo Ribeiro Pereira, Vivian Fischer","doi":"10.1016/j.jveb.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"cows and their crosses used for milk production are constantly increasing in tropical and subtropical countries, mainly due to their greater adaptability to the climate. However, despite several studies that have reported the greater reactivity of these animals in relation to , there is little information about how cows and their crosses behave in their first lactation and how it affects variables related to production and milking. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the reactivity and milkability of primiparous Holstein, Gyr, and Girolando-F1 (½ Holstein ½ Gyr) cows in the first 21 days of lactation. We used a completely randomized experimental design with repeated measures over time, with 32 cows distributed into three genetic groups. Milk yield, the duration of each milking, and the average and maximum milk flow rates were recorded daily. Variables related to the milking behavior, such as time spent to place the teat cups (min), number of kicks and steps, number of defecation and urination events, and reluctance to be milked score, were evaluated by continuous visual observation at 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, and 20 days in milk (DIM). There was an interaction between genetic groups and days of lactation for milk yield ( < 0.05), where the greatest variations were observed up to the fifth day of lactation, and for time spent for placing the teat cups ( < 0.05), which was 10.2 seconds faster for Holstein cows compared to the other genetic groups at 1 DIM. Also, from 6 to 21 DIM, milking time/kilogram of milk was higher for Gyr cows than for Holstein ( < 0.05), while the differences between Gyr and Girolando-F1 cows varied in the same period. Girolando-F1 cows needed 2.4 more minutes to be milked than Gyr ( < 0.05). The average milk flow rate was higher ( < 0.05) for Holstein cows (1.5 kg/min) compared to Gyr (0.6 kg/min) and Girolando-F1 (0.8 kg/min) cows. The frequency of reluctance score ≥2 was higher ( < 0.05) for Girolando-F1 cows (30.9%) compared with Holstein (8.9%) and Gyr (10%) cows. Stepping increased the probability of Girolando-F1 cows (odds ratio = 1.19; < 0.01) being classified with a reluctance score ≥2 during milking. Girolando-F1 cows kicked (1.8) and defecated (0.3) more frequently during milking ( < 0.05) compared with Holstein (0.8; 0.0) and Gyr (1.1; 0.1), respectively. In conclusion, reactivity and milkability at the beginning of lactation are distinct for Holstein, Gyr, and Girolando-F1 primiparous cows. Girolando-F1 cows are more reactive at milking, presenting lower milk flow rate and larger milking duration than Holstein cows.","PeriodicalId":17567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Behavior-clinical Applications and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey on the importance of different traits for medical detection dogs","authors":"Sharyn Bistre Dabbah, Michael Mendl, Claire M. Guest, Nicola J. Rooney","doi":"10.1016/j.jveb.2024.08.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2024.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"Medical detection dogs are used to remotely detect a range of diseases (biodetection) and assist patients with chronic conditions. There has been little research on the behavioral traits linked to good performance for either of these roles. We developed a survey to investigate which behavioral attributes are most important in medical detection dogs and to examine how these attributes vary between dogs used for biodetection and medical alert assistance tasks. The survey was completed by 62 professionals working with medical detection dogs from 16 different countries. Participants considered 40 traits for each rating: importance during selection, the ideal level required, and the level shown by a dog with which they had recently worked. Overall, 39 respondents rated assistance dogs, and 23 rated biodetection dogs. The most important traits were “Level of motivation when working” (on a scale of 1-5 mean = 4.66 ± 0.51), “Health” (4.60 ± 0.62), “Ability to learn from being rewarded” (4.57 ± 0.57), “Concentration” (4.57 ± 0.60), and “Acuity of sense of smell” (4.5 ± 0.76). Trait importance differed significantly between the three roles: “Level of Attachment to human partner” (U = 685, = 0.001), “Confidence in different environments” (U = 604 = 0.002), and “Travel ability” (U = 576, = 0.018) were deemed significantly more important for assistance dogs. “Acuity of sense of smell” (U = 280, = 0.004), “Tendency to be distracted when working” (U = 279.5 = 0.009), and “Ability to solve problems when working” (U = 310 = 0.009) were more important for biodetection dogs. Ideal levels also differed between the roles, for example, biodetection dogs were thought to require higher levels of “Tendency to search by smell alone” (U = 277.5 = 0.006) but lower levels of “Attachment to human partner” (U = 277.5 < 0.001) than assistance dogs. When comparing ratings for the current dogs to the perceived ideal levels, there were significant deviations in several traits; for example, dogs were generally rated as having higher than desired levels of “General excitability” (mean deviation = 1.02) and “Tendency to be distracted when working” (mean deviation = 1.00). Paying particular attention to important traits and those that differ greatly from ideal levels when selecting medical detection dogs may aid improvement in task success. Differences between medical detection dog tasks must be considered during selection if subsequent performance is to be optimized.","PeriodicalId":17567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Behavior-clinical Applications and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular effects of dog-appeasing pheromone in the hospital environment","authors":"Tainá Minuzzo, Juliana Schmitz Bascherotto, Fernando Luis Cemenci Gnoatto, Marina Marangoni, Melissa Rodrigues de Souza, Tatiana Champion","doi":"10.1016/j.jveb.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research has emphasized the health implications of acute or chronic stress in animals. Hospitalized dogs are susceptible to stress due to various factors, including exposure to a novel environment, invasive procedures, and separation from their primary caregiver. The clinical significance of stress in these animals underscores the importance of stress management from the moment of admission. However, there remains a lack of universal qualitative and quantitative indicators of stress in small animals, necessitating reliance on behavioral analysis and stress marker assessment for accurate diagnosis. Among these markers, cardiovascular parameters such as heart rate and systolic blood pressure are commonly used, although their interpretation can be influenced by various factors. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of appeasing pheromone on cardiovascular parameters in hospitalized dogs. Ten healthy dogs were selected for a prospective, paired, randomized, and double-blinded. The dogs were submitted to two experimental protocols: pheromone administration and placebo. The cardiovascular parameters were evaluated at baseline until the end of a 24-hour hospitalization period. The study evaluated ambulatory electrocardiography and systolic noninvasive blood pressure using a Doppler. Analysis of cardiovascular parameters revealed no significant difference in systolic blood pressure between groups, despite its elevation in both treatment conditions. In the placebo group, the maximum heart rate of the placebo group at the time baseline (T0) was lower compared to subsequent time points (T6, T12, T20), indicative of stress upon arrival in the hospital environment. Conversely, the pheromone group showed a higher mean heart rate at T20 compared to the placebo group. Additionally, the placebo group displayed a higher minimum heart rate at time baseline (T0) compared to later time points (T6, T12, T20, T24). At time T6, a higher minimum heart rate was observed in the pheromone group. Even though fluctuations were observed in mean and minimum heart rates during monitoring, they indicated no clinically relevant deviations. There was no difference in heart rate variability over time between the analyzed substances. Exposure to dog-appeasing pheromone through a diffuser presentation, therefore, did not lead to significant changes in cardiovascular parameters related to stress reduction in hospitalized dogs.","PeriodicalId":17567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Behavior-clinical Applications and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}