Euthanasia and prolonged grief: A cross-sectional study with bereaved pet owners

Abstract

The grief experienced from the loss of a pet involves a complex and unique emotional journey. The act of euthanizing a pet can significantly influence how owners navigate this grieving process. This study aims to assess the association of euthanasia and the grieving process of individuals mourning the loss of a pet. A total of 123 pet owners (79.3% female) who had experienced the loss of a pet completed the Pet Bereavement Questionnaire, the Persistent Complex Bereavement Inventory, and a set of questions regarding the circumstances surrounding their loss. Significant positive correlations were found between the intensity of grief reactions and several variables: owner’s age, feelings of exclusion from the euthanasia decision by the veterinarian, regret over the decision to euthanize prematurely, and guilt associated with that decision. Conversely, statistically significant negative correlations were found between grief intensity and the time elapsed since pet’s death, as well as between guilt and the perception that the veterinary team responded to the emotional needs of the owners. Female owners reported higher average levels of grief intensity and prolonged grief. Owners of euthanized pets experienced lower levels of guilt, but more grief compared to those whose pets were not euthanized. The study identifies associations between euthanasia and complex emotional outcomes for pet owners. The emotional response to pet loss is associated to various factors, including the degree of involvement in the euthanasia decision and the perceived support from veterinary professionals. These findings emphasize the need for sensitive and supportive approaches in veterinary care to help pet owners navigate the grieving process effectively.