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How to Select X-axis Values when the Independent Variable Spans Several Orders of Magnitude 当自变量跨越几个数量级时，如何选择x轴值
Annals of Chemical Science Research Pub Date : 2019-08-21 DOI: 10.31031/acsr.2019.01.000517
Bin Wang
{"title":"How to Select X-axis Values when the Independent Variable Spans Several Orders of Magnitude","authors":"Bin Wang","doi":"10.31031/acsr.2019.01.000517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/acsr.2019.01.000517","url":null,"abstract":"When designing experiments, researchers often need to measure a dependent variable, such as the response of an instrument or method, with respect to an independent variable such as the concentration of a reactant. Often the independent variable spans several orders of magnitude, (e.g., when experimental concentrations range from 0.0100mM to 10.0mM), which can make it difficult to construct a clear graph of the data. In such situations, it is more appropriate to plot the independent variable on a logarithmic axis (usually the base 10 logarithmic scale) rather than a linear axis, in order to avoid superimposed data points and to make the graph easier to interpret. By convention, the independent variable is usually plotted horizontally as the x-axis or abscissa, and the dependent variable is plotted vertically as the y-axis or ordinate.","PeriodicalId":175500,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Chemical Science Research","volume":"498 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131774557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Analysis of Paper Surface Profile of Two Matte Paper Samples 两种亚光纸样品的表面轮廓分析
Annals of Chemical Science Research Pub Date : 2019-07-13 DOI: 10.31031/ACSR.2019.01.000516
Κ. Chryssou, M. Stassinopoulou, E. Lampi
{"title":"Analysis of Paper Surface Profile of Two Matte Paper Samples","authors":"Κ. Chryssou, M. Stassinopoulou, E. Lampi","doi":"10.31031/ACSR.2019.01.000516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/ACSR.2019.01.000516","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, two kinds of matte or dull paper, Sappi Galerie brite bulk and MWC UPM paper [1] are selected to represent the low and high levels of paper roughness. Generally, the air-leak smoothness testing generates a value in a short period of time and this accounts to a great extent for the popularity of this method. In practice, paper roughness is commonly determined by measuring the air flow between the paper surface and a reference plane under specified conditions. The Bekk, Bendtsen, and Parker-Print-Surf (PPS) are the best-known instruments in this category. Certainly, the first two are used to express the roughness of paper in air resistance (min/ml) or air flow (ml/min) units, but the Parker-Print-Surf instrument provides a value for the roughness R in μm of the surface from the reference plane. It is found that rough sheets of paper due to replication of the sandpaper surfaces differ to a great deal in Bekk type smoothness, but do not show as much difference as it from sample to sample in PPS roughness.","PeriodicalId":175500,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Chemical Science Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116856589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Azomethine Metal Chelates as an Efficient Catalyst for Oxidation of Organic Compounds 偶亚甲基金属螯合物作为有机化合物氧化的高效催化剂
Annals of Chemical Science Research Pub Date : 2019-06-11 DOI: 10.31031/acsr.2019.01.000515
Abu-Dief Am
{"title":"Azomethine Metal Chelates as an Efficient Catalyst for Oxidation of Organic Compounds","authors":"Abu-Dief Am","doi":"10.31031/acsr.2019.01.000515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/acsr.2019.01.000515","url":null,"abstract":"Azomethine compounds played an important role as ligands due to their excellent coordinative capability and have a wide variety of industrial applications in many fields including analytical, biological, coordination inorganic chemistry and organic synthesis, such as pigments, dyes and catalyst intermediates, semiconductors and as chemo-sensors [115]. The chemistry of azomethine ligands is an important area of research with increasing interest due to the simple synthesis, versatility and diverse ranges of applications of their metal chelates, e.g. in biology and as catalysts in various reactions [16-20]. Thus, a review highlighting the oxygen affinity of azomethine metal chelates would be needed.","PeriodicalId":175500,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Chemical Science Research","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122622716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Voltammetry for Onsite Simultaneous Metal Analysis 现场同步金属分析的伏安法
Annals of Chemical Science Research Pub Date : 2019-06-10 DOI: 10.31031/ACSR.2019.01.000514
P. Chooto
{"title":"Voltammetry for Onsite Simultaneous Metal Analysis","authors":"P. Chooto","doi":"10.31031/ACSR.2019.01.000514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/ACSR.2019.01.000514","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metals (HMs) have caused several problems for all living things on earth so far [1]. They do have both beneficial and harmful effects. Some of them in specific concentrations, oxidation numbers and forms are essential to the body of living things whereas others can be deleterious. HMs have been well known for a long time to play important roles in a number of samples especially environment and food. The greater role they have in everyday life, the greater the need for monitoring their concentrations. Several techniques have been developed to gain better figure of merits and advantages. And it would be rewarding if those techniques are able to analyze HMs simultaneously and onsite, especially for environmental analysis.","PeriodicalId":175500,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Chemical Science Research","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133686779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Low-Temperature Preparation of β-C2S from Sand/Lime Mixture: Influence of Sodium Hydroxide 砂/石灰混合物低温制备β-C2S:氢氧化钠的影响
Annals of Chemical Science Research Pub Date : 2019-05-28 DOI: 10.31031/ACSR.2019.01.000512
T. Ma
{"title":"Low-Temperature Preparation of β-C2S from Sand/Lime Mixture: Influence of Sodium Hydroxide","authors":"T. Ma","doi":"10.31031/ACSR.2019.01.000512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/ACSR.2019.01.000512","url":null,"abstract":"1 Annals of Chemical Science Research Abstract The low-temperature preparation of belite (β-C2S) from a mixture of lime and white sand (Ca/Si=2) in presence of 0.5-5 M NaOH solution was investigated by hydrothermal treatment in a stainless steel capsule at 135 ̊C for 3 hours followed by calcination at 1000 ̊C for 3 hours. All materials were analyzed by FTIR, SEM-EDX, and XRD with semi-quantitative phase analysis calculation. The addition of NaOH changed the composition of the hydrothermal and calcination products. Different percent of β-C2S and other calcium and sodium silicate phases were produced with increasing the concentration of NaOH. In presence of 0.5M NaOH, 32.6% of β-C2S formed with the formation of calcium silicate with mole ratio CaO/SiO2=1.5 (rankinite, 30.9%) and sodium-calcium silicate (combeite, 8.6%). Whereas, in the presence of 5M NaOH, the hydrothermal reaction between lime and silica was effectively deactivated i.e. 32.9% of β-C2S formed. The formation of sodium silicate (31%), rankinite (15.4%) and sodium-calcium silicate (16.7%) phases were encouraged. The optimum condition for preparation of low-temperature β-C2S rich cement from lime and sand under these conditions can be achieved by the addition of 2M NaOH were, 77.7% of β-C2S formed and 12.4% combeite.","PeriodicalId":175500,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Chemical Science Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125390908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tribological Test and Mechanical Properties of Electrodeposited Nickel Coating on the Metal Surface of Carbon Steel 4140 碳钢4140金属表面电沉积镍涂层的摩擦学试验及力学性能
Annals of Chemical Science Research Pub Date : 2019-05-28 DOI: 10.31031/acsr.2019.01.000513
Torres Jv, MC Jesús Era, Barrera Gm, Díaz Cb, Torres Mv
{"title":"Tribological Test and Mechanical Properties of Electrodeposited Nickel Coating on the Metal Surface of Carbon Steel 4140","authors":"Torres Jv, MC Jesús Era, Barrera Gm, Díaz Cb, Torres Mv","doi":"10.31031/acsr.2019.01.000513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/acsr.2019.01.000513","url":null,"abstract":"Wear and corrosion are the main problems in mechanical elements in mechanical contact and therefore there are economical losses. To enhance the tribological properties of the metallic materials, nickel coating has found a wide application in aerospace, automobile, chemical industries and other. In this research nickel coating on carbon steel substrate were developed using nickel sulfamate bath and Watts nickel bath to obtain homogeneous electrodeposits so as good adherence and nonporous material. Nickel is one of the most used metals in the nuclear industry as well as in conventional industry, so it is important to study its morphological composition and its mechanical properties. The crystal structure of nickel: It is distributed in two phases, gamma (γ) and gamma prime (γ›): -Gamma phase: solid solution centered on the faces that acts as a matrix. Gamma prime phase: dispersion of ordered intermetallic precipitates, responsible for the great resistance of the super-alloys. Experimental development","PeriodicalId":175500,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Chemical Science Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130668140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Study of Temporal Trends of Pollution in the Russian Coastal Areas of the Black Sea by Nuclear and Related Analytical Techniques 用核及相关分析技术研究俄罗斯黑海沿岸地区污染的时间趋势
Annals of Chemical Science Research Pub Date : 2019-05-21 DOI: 10.31031/ACSR.2019.01.000511
Alexander Nk, Olga Bun’kova, M. Frontasyeva, P. Nekhoroshkov, A. Kravtsova, I. Zinicovscaia, N. Yushin
{"title":"Study of Temporal Trends of Pollution in the Russian Coastal Areas of the Black Sea by Nuclear and Related Analytical Techniques","authors":"Alexander Nk, Olga Bun’kova, M. Frontasyeva, P. Nekhoroshkov, A. Kravtsova, I. Zinicovscaia, N. Yushin","doi":"10.31031/ACSR.2019.01.000511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/ACSR.2019.01.000511","url":null,"abstract":"The assessment of the biogeochemical state of the shallow water zone of the seas and the coastal zone is an important fundamental scientific direction. Aquatic ecosystems exist under enhanced anthropogenic pressure, which should be assessed by using modern analytical techniques. At present, one of the essential directions of biogeochemistry is the assessment of the mutual influence of various mineral elements on each other in natural and man-made cycles. Due to the fact that the Black Sea coast is practically the only resort place in Russia, the relevance of ecological and biological monitoring, including the analysis of soil, water, bottom sediments and aquatic organisms in the coastal zone of the sea, become the primary and urgent tasks of Russia and Krasnodar Region. The anthropogenic factor in environmental pollution and the deterioration of the hydro-chemical indicators of the quality of the Black Sea water becomes major topic of environmental analyses; its influence in some cases has disastrous consequences for biota. In addition, the intensification of the technogenic transformation of the Black Sea coastal zone, which has increased in recent years, leads to Crimson Publishers Wings to the Research Research Article","PeriodicalId":175500,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Chemical Science Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131163588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Botanic, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Aspects of Phyllanthus Amarus Schum. & Thonn. as Powerful Tools to Improve its Biotechnological Studies 江兰的植物学、植物化学和药理研究。& Thonn。作为改进其生物技术研究的有力工具
Annals of Chemical Science Research Pub Date : 2019-04-22 DOI: 10.31031/acsr.2019.01.000510
M. Mm
{"title":"Botanic, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Aspects of Phyllanthus Amarus Schum. & Thonn. as Powerful Tools to Improve its Biotechnological Studies","authors":"M. Mm","doi":"10.31031/acsr.2019.01.000510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/acsr.2019.01.000510","url":null,"abstract":"Phyllanthus (Euphorbiaceae) is a native genus largely used as antipyretic, antiviral, antidiarrheal, antispasmodic, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumoral, antigenotoxic, antimutagenic, hepatoprotection, hypoglycemic, hypotensive, diuretic, antidiabetic, bactericide. It was also efficient for fighting jaundice, hepadnaviral DNA polymerase, AIDS and kidney disorders [1-10]. Phyllanthus amarus Schum. & Thonn. and Phyllanthus niruri L. have been frequent targets of ethnopharmacological work all over the world, mainly in Brazil, U.S.A, Malaysia, Cuba, Peru, Caribbean, China, Nigeria, Africa and India [8-10]. Despite the large number of literature registers, these species have been published as being synonymous because of their morphological similarities. Phyllanthus species had been botanic approached by using several methodologies in the extended period of 2003 to 2011. Silva et al. [11], pointed out significant differences between P. amarus and P. niruri, collected from Pernambuco state of Brazil. The main differences are indicated on the base, seed and stigma type [11]. Crimson Publishers Wings to the Research Mini Review","PeriodicalId":175500,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Chemical Science Research","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126808615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Challenges and Accomplishments of TD-NMR in Industry 4.0 TD-NMR在工业4.0中的挑战与成就
Annals of Chemical Science Research Pub Date : 2019-03-27 DOI: 10.31031/acsr.2019.01.000509
Martelozo Cd, Alberto Cl
{"title":"Challenges and Accomplishments of TD-NMR in Industry 4.0","authors":"Martelozo Cd, Alberto Cl","doi":"10.31031/acsr.2019.01.000509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/acsr.2019.01.000509","url":null,"abstract":"Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a spectroscopic and imaging technique used in chemistry, physics, biology, medicine, agriculture and in food, biotechnology, pharmaceutical, petroleum and polymer science and technology. The application of NMR can be divided in three great areas: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that is widely used in medical diagnostic, highresolution NMR spectroscopy (HR-NMR) that is a powerful method to determine structure and dynamic from small molecules to large molecules, such as proteins and nuclei acids. Both MRI and HR-NMR are based on heavy, bulk and high field superconducting magnets and the instruments are expensive and have to be installed in a controlled environment. The third class of NMR instruments is known as low field NMR or low-resolution NMR or more precise time domain NMR (TD-NMR).","PeriodicalId":175500,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Chemical Science Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132496189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Overcoming Frontiers of Chemical Reactions: Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations 克服化学反应的前沿:反应分子动力学模拟
Annals of Chemical Science Research Pub Date : 2019-03-13 DOI: 10.31031/acsr.2019.01.000508
Rene FB Gonçalves
{"title":"Overcoming Frontiers of Chemical Reactions: Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations","authors":"Rene FB Gonçalves","doi":"10.31031/acsr.2019.01.000508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/acsr.2019.01.000508","url":null,"abstract":"Since the birth of chemistry, philosophers, researchers, scientists have spent their efforts in explaining transformations, elucidating reactions and discovering new methods and compounds. Over the centuries, the techniques and methodologies have evolved, so more and more explanations and findings were published. Besides the growth of scientific methodology, technology experienced an exponential evolution in the past decades. Computer simulations can now be used as a useful, trustful and fast tool to discover new reactions, processes and substances, then accelerating the development of chemistry.","PeriodicalId":175500,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Chemical Science Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127290762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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