Journal of Tropical Pediatrics最新文献_第2页

High prevalence of antimicrobial resistance to initial empirical antibiotic therapy in neonatal sepsis in Bengaluru, India-a multicentre study. 印度班加罗尔新生儿败血症对初始经验性抗生素治疗的高流行率-一项多中心研究。

IF 1.8 4区医学

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmaf020

Abhishek Somasekhara Aradhya, Prathik Bandiya, Shivashankar Diggikar, Vimal Kumar U, M V Krithika, Bharathi Balachander, Venugopal Reddy I, Chandrakala Bs, J Bhavana, Srikanth Kulkarni, Praveen Venkatagiri, Pradeep G C M, Kanekal S Gautham

{"title":"High prevalence of antimicrobial resistance to initial empirical antibiotic therapy in neonatal sepsis in Bengaluru, India-a multicentre study.","authors":"Abhishek Somasekhara Aradhya, Prathik Bandiya, Shivashankar Diggikar, Vimal Kumar U, M V Krithika, Bharathi Balachander, Venugopal Reddy I, Chandrakala Bs, J Bhavana, Srikanth Kulkarni, Praveen Venkatagiri, Pradeep G C M, Kanekal S Gautham","doi":"10.1093/tropej/fmaf020","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tropej/fmaf020","url":null,"abstract":"Data about epidemiologic and microbiologic patterns of neonatal sepsis in specific regions of low- and middle-income countries can help improve management and stimulate prevention efforts. We conducted a multicentre study within a large metropolitan region in South India to describe the burden of neonatal sepsis; and identify the antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of causative organisms. In a collaborative network of six neonatal intensive care units, standardized data were collected on every admitted neonate with a positive blood culture from June 2020 to May 2022. The frequency of sepsis, the organisms, antimicrobial resistance patterns, and mortality were analysed. Factors associated with lack of 'on-target' initial empirical antibiotic therapy were identified through univariate and multivariate analysis. Among 6229 admissions, the incidence of sepsis was 3.5%. Klebsiella (30%), Coagulase-negative staphylococcus (13%), and Escherichia coli (10%) were the commonest organisms. The overall incidence of multidrug resistance among Gram-negative organisms was 26%, with organism-specific incidence as follows: Klebsiella (48%), Acinetobacter (81%), and E. coli (45%). The organisms were sensitive to one or more of the initial empirical antibiotics used ('on-target') in 48% [95% confidence interval (CI) 45-58%] of cases. Mortality was higher in those neonates where initial antibiotic therapy was not 'on-target' (Relative risk (RR): 2.2, 95% CI 1.06-4.9). To conclude gram-negative septicaemia constituted 60% of the burden of neonatal sepsis. Klebsiella pneumonia was the predominant organism. Multidrug resistant organisms were highly prevalent. Initial empirical antibiotic therapy was not 'on-target' more than 50% of the time and was associated with higher mortality.","PeriodicalId":17521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pediatrics","volume":"71 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The utility of cord blood lactate as a low-resource tool in perinatal asphyxia diagnosis and prognosis; lessons from a tertiary hospital in Southern Nigeria. 脐带血乳酸作为围产期窒息诊断和预后的低资源工具的应用尼日利亚南部一家三级医院的经验教训。

IF 1.1 4区医学

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmaf032

Chidiebere K Ani, Ikechukwu R Okonkwo, Augustine I Omoigberale

{"title":"The utility of cord blood lactate as a low-resource tool in perinatal asphyxia diagnosis and prognosis; lessons from a tertiary hospital in Southern Nigeria.","authors":"Chidiebere K Ani, Ikechukwu R Okonkwo, Augustine I Omoigberale","doi":"10.1093/tropej/fmaf032","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tropej/fmaf032","url":null,"abstract":"Perinatal asphyxia (PA) is a global health concern associated with long-term morbidity and significant mortality. Limited finance and inadequate facilities are the bane of the low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) making the diagnosis of PA challenging. The identification of cheap, simple, specific, and sensitive, biochemical parameter as an alternative to blood gas analysis would improve the assessment of PA in LMICs. This study is designed to assess the utility of umbilical cord arterial blood (UCAB) lactate in diagnosis and prognosis of PA among term babies. This was a prospective, cross-sectional analytical study done at UBTH over a 7-month period. The inclusion criteria for PA were documented risk factors, Apearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration (APGAR) score of <7 in 5 minutes, and umbilical cord pH ≤7.25. Samples were collected from the umbilical cord segments of 132 study participants and analysed using Abbott i-STAT. Sixty-six asphyxiated babies were the subjects for this study. The median (interquartile range) UCAB lactate value of the asphyxiated newborns was 7.23 (5.90-9.41) mmol/l which is significantly higher than the apparently healthy newborns of 2.97 (2.27-3.82) mmol/l (U = 4175.50; P < .001). The optimal diagnostic cut-off value of UCAB lactate in the diagnosis of PA was >5.1 mmol/l, with a sensitivity of 89.4% and specificity of 90.9%. The optimal cut-off value of UCAB lactate in predicting short-term adverse neonatal outcome (moderate to severe encephalopathy) was >8.32 mmol/l, having a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 94.7%. UCAB lactate shows a good performance in the diagnosis of PA and prediction of short-term outcome among term neonates.","PeriodicalId":17521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pediatrics","volume":"71 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144732000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Urinary screening and nutritional health assessment in a community of indigenous school children from Totoró (Colombia). 对来自Totoró的土著学龄儿童社区进行尿液筛查和营养健康评估（哥伦比亚）。

IF 1.8 4区医学

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmaf001

Jaime M Restrepo, Alejandro Padilla-Guzmán, Roberth Alirio Ortiz Martinez, Yolanda Mueses Guerrero, John Jamer Paz Montañez, Laura Alejandra Torres-Canchala, María Amparo Acosta Aragón

{"title":"Urinary screening and nutritional health assessment in a community of indigenous school children from Totoró (Colombia).","authors":"Jaime M Restrepo, Alejandro Padilla-Guzmán, Roberth Alirio Ortiz Martinez, Yolanda Mueses Guerrero, John Jamer Paz Montañez, Laura Alejandra Torres-Canchala, María Amparo Acosta Aragón","doi":"10.1093/tropej/fmaf001","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tropej/fmaf001","url":null,"abstract":"A higher risk for kidney disease in aboriginal populations has been proposed but it has not been established in their children. Likewise, there is a lack of studies focused on early markers of kidney disease in South American indigenous children. A descriptive prevalence study with an exploratory analysis was conducted between November 2015 and April 2018 on 249 indigenous children aged 5-18 years from the \"Institución Educativa Agropecuaria Pueblo Totoroés\" in the Totoró indigenous reserve. Eighty-five percent of subjects received exclusive breastfeeding. Spontaneous proteinuria was found in nine subjects, and in one case the proteinuria persisted in a second sample. Isolated hematuria was seen in 1.6% of subjects and blood pressure measurement over the 95th percentile in 7.2%. Overweight and obesity was related to hematuria (P = .009) but weakly related to transient proteinuria (P = .06). Some urinalyses (3.6%) were suggestive of urinary infection, but urine culture was negative in all cases. Hematuria and proteinuria in indigenous children from Totoró are transient and related to overweight and obesity. Early markers of kidney disease can be applied to other indigenous communities. A lower prevalence of chronic underweight than the general Colombian indigenous population was found, which is proposed to be related to prolonged breastfeeding.","PeriodicalId":17521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pediatrics","volume":"71 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144033249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mortality and clinical outcomes in paediatric septic shock: a propensity-matched analysis before and after the implementation of an institutional guideline in single centre in Thailand. 儿童感染性休克的死亡率和临床结果：泰国单一中心实施机构指南前后的倾向匹配分析

IF 1.8 4区医学

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmaf015

Natar Wajanathawornchai, Kantara Saelim, Ponlagrit Kumwichar, Kanokpan Ruangnapa, Pharsai Prasertsan, Wanaporn Anuntaseree

{"title":"Mortality and clinical outcomes in paediatric septic shock: a propensity-matched analysis before and after the implementation of an institutional guideline in single centre in Thailand.","authors":"Natar Wajanathawornchai, Kantara Saelim, Ponlagrit Kumwichar, Kanokpan Ruangnapa, Pharsai Prasertsan, Wanaporn Anuntaseree","doi":"10.1093/tropej/fmaf015","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tropej/fmaf015","url":null,"abstract":"Paediatric septic shock is a life-threatening condition with high global morbidity and mortality rates. Prior guidelines for paediatric septic shock demonstrated varying levels of effectiveness. In 2017, the institutional paediatric septic shock guidelines were established, emphasizing three pivotal components: prompt recognition, early and appropriate resuscitation, and organ support with intensive stabilization. Herein, we aimed to assess the effect of paediatric septic shock guidelines on mortality and clinical outcomes. This single-centre retrospective cohort study investigating the pre- and postimplementation of paediatric septic shock guidelines was conducted in patients aged 1 month to 15 years diagnosed with septic shock from January 2014 to December 2022. The effectiveness of the guideline implementation was evaluated through propensity matching analysis to compare 30-day in-hospital mortality rates. Adherence to key components of the guidelines was also assessed. In total, 71 and 106 paediatric patients with septic shock were admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit during the pre- and postguideline periods, respectively. The postguideline group exhibited a significant reduction in mortality [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.29, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.12-0.71, P = .007] and a decrease in respiratory dysfunction (aOR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.18-0.91, P = .03). Guideline adherence revealed a substantial increase in the use of peripheral inotropes and noninvasive cardiac monitoring. The number needed to treat for the protocol to prevent death was six. The implementation of the paediatric septic shock guidelines, emphasizing early shock recognition, prompt resuscitation, infection control, and appropriate organ management in intensive care, significantly improved outcomes.","PeriodicalId":17521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pediatrics","volume":"71 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk factors for failure to thrive among infants at a hospital in North India: a case-control study. 印度北部一家医院婴儿发育不良的危险因素：一项病例对照研究

IF 1.8 4区医学

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmaf017

Durgesh Kumar, Shambhavi Mishra, Dinesh Kumar, Atul Singh, Ganesh Kumar Verma

{"title":"Risk factors for failure to thrive among infants at a hospital in North India: a case-control study.","authors":"Durgesh Kumar, Shambhavi Mishra, Dinesh Kumar, Atul Singh, Ganesh Kumar Verma","doi":"10.1093/tropej/fmaf017","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tropej/fmaf017","url":null,"abstract":"Failure to thrive (FTT) is a commonly used term in pediatric clinical practice, referring to a significant deviation from normal growth patterns. It can have multiple adverse effects on a child, including developmental delays, intellectual deficits, and insecure attachment. Inadequate nutritional intake is the most frequent underlying cause. This study aims to identify the risk factors contributing to FTT in infants in a rural North Indian setting. A case-control study was conducted on infants aged 2-12 months admitted to the pediatric ward of Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, India. Detailed histories, clinical examinations, and relevant laboratory investigations were performed for all enrolled patients. Among the 456 study participants, 152 infants (33.33%) were diagnosed with FTT. The majority of cases (92.1%) were from rural areas. Multivariate regression analysis identified key independent risk factors for FTT, including rural residence, incomplete or lack of immunization, absence of exclusive breastfeeding, and lack of timely complementary feeding. This study underscores the significant role of rural residency, inadequate immunization, absence of exclusive breastfeeding, and delayed complementary feeding in increasing the risk of FTT among infants aged 2-12 months in rural North India. Early identification of these risk factors, timely diagnosis, and appropriate interventions are crucial for improving child health outcomes. It will also help in the efficient allocation of healthcare resources.","PeriodicalId":17521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pediatrics","volume":"71 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Frequency and predictors of red blood cell transfusion in the pediatric intensive care unit: a prospective observational study. 儿科重症监护室输注红细胞的频率和预测因素：一项前瞻性观察研究。

IF 1.8 4区医学

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmaf004

Surya Kant Tiwari, Jomol Rajesh, Neethu Mariya Mathew, Nitin Dhochak, Rakesh Lodha, Poonam Joshi

{"title":"Frequency and predictors of red blood cell transfusion in the pediatric intensive care unit: a prospective observational study.","authors":"Surya Kant Tiwari, Jomol Rajesh, Neethu Mariya Mathew, Nitin Dhochak, Rakesh Lodha, Poonam Joshi","doi":"10.1093/tropej/fmaf004","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tropej/fmaf004","url":null,"abstract":"Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is crucial in treating anemia in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), though safety and necessity concerns persist. This prospective observational study examined the frequency and predictors of RBC transfusions among critically ill children, highlighting implications for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). A single-center observational study enrolled 104 children admitted to a PICU from January to September 2021. Demographic details, past medical history, Pediatric Index of Mortality-3 scores, sedation, inotrope administration, ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), new-onset shock, respiratory failure, sepsis, renal failure, new or progressive multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and duration of ventilation were recorded. Our results showed that 37 patients (35.6%) received RBC transfusions. The mean pre-transfusion hemoglobin level was 6.58 grams per deciliter (g/dl) (SD 1.71). The transfused group required more sedation (P < .001) and vasoactive agents (P < .001), had longer PICU stays (P = .013), and developed VAP (P = .037), new-onset shock (P = .025), respiratory failure (P = .021), and MODS (P = .023) more often than the non-transfused group. Logistic regression analysis showed that hemoglobin >10 g/dl at admission reduced the odds of RBC transfusion [odds ratio (OR) = 0.57, confidence interval (CI) = 0.43-0.74], while sepsis at admission increased the odds (OR = 3.24, CI = 1.09-9.60). The current study demonstrates that about one-third of critically ill children received RBC transfusions. Hemoglobin above 10 g/dl at admission was associated with significantly lower odds of RBC transfusion, while sepsis at admission significantly increased the odds. These findings are particularly relevant for LMICs, where resource constraints necessitate careful evaluation of transfusion practices to optimize patient outcomes and resource utilization.","PeriodicalId":17521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pediatrics","volume":"71 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low levels of pertussis- and measles-specific IgG antibodies in 6-week-old HIV-exposed and -unexposed Malawian infants: implications for vaccination strategies and role of long term HIV therapy. 6周大的艾滋病毒暴露和未暴露的马拉维婴儿百日咳和麻疹特异性IgG抗体水平低：对疫苗接种策略和长期艾滋病毒治疗作用的影响

IF 1.8 4区医学

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmaf013

Silvia Baroncelli, Clementina Maria Galluzzo, Stefano Orlando, Richard Luhanga, Robert Mphwere, Thom Kavalo, Roberta Amici, Marco Floridia, Mauro Andreotti, Fausto Ciccacci, Maria Cristina Marazzi, Marina Giuliano

{"title":"Low levels of pertussis- and measles-specific IgG antibodies in 6-week-old HIV-exposed and -unexposed Malawian infants: implications for vaccination strategies and role of long term HIV therapy.","authors":"Silvia Baroncelli, Clementina Maria Galluzzo, Stefano Orlando, Richard Luhanga, Robert Mphwere, Thom Kavalo, Roberta Amici, Marco Floridia, Mauro Andreotti, Fausto Ciccacci, Maria Cristina Marazzi, Marina Giuliano","doi":"10.1093/tropej/fmaf013","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tropej/fmaf013","url":null,"abstract":"Serological studies in infants can provide valuable information on the degree of protection conferred by IgG maternal passive transfer during early life. If infant levels are inadequate, protection may be incomplete, increasing the risk of life-threatening diseases such as pertussis and measles, before immunization completion. In addition, HIV infection, -highly prevalent in African countries like Malawi-may impair transplacental antibody transfer. We determined anti-Pertussis Toxin (PT) and anti-measles IgG in 86 6-week-old infants, born to mothers living with HIV (HIV-exposed uninfected, HEU, n = 58) and to HIV-negative mothers (HIV-unexposed uninfected, HUU, n = 28). The HEU group was divided into two subgroups: Infants born to mothers who initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) during pregnancy (Short-ART, SA-HEU group, n = 29) or already in stable ART (Long-term ART, LA-HEU group, n = 29). The mean anti-PT and anti-measles IgG levels (1.97 IU/ml and 32.9 mIU/ml, respectively) were comparable between the HUU and HEU infants. Overall, only 12.8% and 18.6% of all infants had IgG levels above the protective thresholds for pertussis and measles, respectively. The duration of ART significantly influenced the infant's serological profile, with SA-HEU infants showing significantly lower IgG levels compared to both HUU and LA-HEU infants. Protecting infants during early life remains a significant health challenge in many middle and low-income countries. Achieving better early serological protection requires the implementation of diverse vaccination strategies. This study emphasizes the crucial importance for women living with HIV to be on stable ART before pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":17521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pediatrics","volume":"71 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical efficacy of minimally invasive surfactant therapy combined with nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation in the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. 微创表面活性剂联合鼻腔间歇正压通气治疗新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的临床疗效观察。

IF 1.8 4区医学

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmaf016

Rende Lin, Yin Liu, Zhuo Du

{"title":"Clinical efficacy of minimally invasive surfactant therapy combined with nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation in the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.","authors":"Rende Lin, Yin Liu, Zhuo Du","doi":"10.1093/tropej/fmaf016","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tropej/fmaf016","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of minimally invasive surfactant therapy (MIST) combined with nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) in treating neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). The intubation-surfactant-extubation (INSURE) + NIPPV group [receiving INSURE combined with NIPPV] and NIPPV + MIST group (receiving NIPPV combined with MIST) were established. Total administration time, duration of noninvasive ventilation, rate of invasive ventilation after noninvasive ventilation failure, pulmonary surfactant (PS) dosage, length of hospital stay, re-administration of PS, blood gas parameters, serological markers, and complication incidence were assessed between both groups. The NIPPV + MIST group demonstrated a shorter total administration time, lower rate of invasive ventilation support, shorter duration of noninvasive ventilation, reduced hospital stay, and fewer cases requiring re-administration of PS than the INSURE + NIPPV group. After 48 h of treatment, compared to the INSURE  + NIPPV group, the NIPPV + MIST group showed higher arterial partial pressure of oxygen, oxygenation index, and interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels, lower partial pressure of carbon dioxide, fraction of inspired oxygen, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio, and lower bronchopulmonary dysplasia incidences, vocal cord injury, and laryngeal edema (all P  < .05). No significant differences were found in PS dosage, oxygen desaturation, bradycardia, nasal injury, air leak, intraventricular hemorrhage ≥ Grade II, or necrotizing enterocolitis (P > .05). MIST combined with NIPPV is effective in treating NRDS by improving ventilation and spontaneous breathing, regulating the Th1/Th2 immune balance, inhibiting pulmonary inflammation, reducing lung injury, and minimizing damage from invasive procedures.","PeriodicalId":17521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pediatrics","volume":"71 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among hospitalized children at a tertiary care center in North-East India. 印度东北部三级医疗中心住院儿童中SARS-CoV-2感染的血清阳性率

IF 1.8 4区医学

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmaf007

Chabungbam Smilie, Sareet Kumari Nandeibam, Chongtham Shyamsunder Singh, Khuraijam Ranjana Devi, Yendrembam Bidyalakshmi Devi, Yumlembam Bishwabati Devi, Ngamba Akham, Sareet Laxmi Nandeibam

{"title":"Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among hospitalized children at a tertiary care center in North-East India.","authors":"Chabungbam Smilie, Sareet Kumari Nandeibam, Chongtham Shyamsunder Singh, Khuraijam Ranjana Devi, Yendrembam Bidyalakshmi Devi, Yumlembam Bishwabati Devi, Ngamba Akham, Sareet Laxmi Nandeibam","doi":"10.1093/tropej/fmaf007","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tropej/fmaf007","url":null,"abstract":"To estimate the seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among hospitalized children aged between 1 and 12 years. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among hospitalized children at a tertiary care hospital in the North-East region of India for a period of 13 months (October 2022-November 2023). The presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Sociodemographic characteristics and clinical profile of the participants were analyzed. The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among hospitalized children aged between 1 and 12 years was estimated to be 98.4%. This was comparable for children between the age groups 1-5 years (97.9%) and 6-12 years (99.1%) (P-value = .478). The most commonly reported symptoms among the seropositive children were fever (76.8%), nasal stuffiness (69.5%), cough (67.8%), diarrhea (23.6%), and nausea/vomiting (23.2%). None of the study participants had a prior history of laboratory confirmed coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection in the past and none were vaccinated against COVID-19. Results of the univariate analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the seropositive and seronegative children in the distribution of sociodemographic characteristics, clinical profile, and laboratory findings. Our study observed a remarkably high anti-SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity rate of 98.4%, suggesting a significant under-recognized burden of COVID-19 in the pediatric population. The findings highlight the need for continued preventive measures and the development of age-appropriate vaccination strategies, particularly in tropical settings.","PeriodicalId":17521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pediatrics","volume":"71 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143449241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of interleukin-10 and interferon-β as predictive factors of severity in a paediatric population with dengue. 白细胞介素-10和干扰素-β作为登革热患儿严重程度预测因素的作用

IF 1.8 4区医学

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmaf014

Melissa Reyes, Oscar Patiño, Hernando Pinzón-Redondo, Carlos Moneriz

{"title":"Role of interleukin-10 and interferon-β as predictive factors of severity in a paediatric population with dengue.","authors":"Melissa Reyes, Oscar Patiño, Hernando Pinzón-Redondo, Carlos Moneriz","doi":"10.1093/tropej/fmaf014","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tropej/fmaf014","url":null,"abstract":"The febrile illness caused by dengue is a global public health problem whose incidence is increasing. This infection can range from mild fever to severe illness with plasma leakage and shock; therefore, biomarkers of severity are urgently needed to elucidate the pathological mechanism of the disease. To explore the levels of interleukin (IL)-10 and interferon (IFN)-β in children with dengue to identify these proteins as biomarkers of severity. This study compared the serum levels of IL-10 and IFN-β in 208 Colombian paediatric patients with different degrees of severity of dengue virus infection. A total of three study groups (dengue without warning signs, dengue with warning signs, and severe dengue) were designated according to the World Health Organization classification system. Serotype type 2 was the most prevalent type, and the most frequently reported symptom was vomiting, followed by abdominal pain. Platelet values, aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase levels and clotting times were the most altered laboratory parameters among the study groups and were more pathological in patients with severe dengue. In addition, IL-10 levels were significantly higher in those with severe dengue than in those with milder forms of infection (P < .05), and IFN-β levels were much lower in the group of patients with severe dengue than in the group with dengue without warning signs (P < .05). These results demonstrate differences in immune responses to dengue infections and suggest several molecular targets for the future development of biomarkers that can serve as diagnostic and prognostic tools for the severity of dengue disease.","PeriodicalId":17521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pediatrics","volume":"71 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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