Integrated Photonics Research最新文献

{"title":"Nonlinear reflection of TM polarized plane waves and beams by a magneto-optic interface","authors":"A. Boardman, Xie Kang","doi":"10.1364/ipr.1990.wc6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ipr.1990.wc6","url":null,"abstract":"The reflectivity of the TM wave from magneto-optic nonlinear interfaces between magnetized films of media like nickel, iron, or YIG bounded by a nonmagnetic, nonlinear substrate or cladding, or mixed with nonmagnetic, nonlinear films is calculated for the widely used1,2ATR configuration. The results mainly concern prism coupling but with the much less studied third-order nonlinear TM polarization3 being used. Progress toward extending the theory to include gratings is also discussed, however. Traditionally, magnetic-field orientations include transverse, polar, and longitudinal orientations, and these are the principal ones analyzed here. Longitudinal orientations involve some complex and novel nonlinear calculations because in such a case, even in the linear limit, TM and TE polarizations cannot be decoupled so that a linear Kerr rotation of the plane of polarization occurs. Questions concerning the optimum signal-to-noise ratio are addressed in order to try and arrange the highest value to coincide with the resonant angle positions. In this connection detailed comments on the trade-off between nonlinear and magneto-optic effects are given. Nonlinear ATR curves, the power flow along the surface, the first-order magneto-optical parameter, and the magnetic-field-induced rotation of the plane of polarization are all calculated for both plane waves and for finite beams with nonlocal nonlinearity. Again, because the latter is a difficult calculation to perform, the method alone is of great interest. The simpler transverse case can be cited as an example here. The ATR curves, as might be expected, break into branches at critical power levels, but this now feeds through into the relative change of the reflected intensity of light owing to the magnetization of the film. Any sharp decrease in this first-order magneto-optic quantity is now delayed by the nonlinearity, and a critical light intensity causes two or more branches to appear. For this same case we show that the forward field reflectivity actually switches to a second branch a little earlier than for the reverse field direction; hence, the resonance angles are not matched. Finally, comments on the exploitation of nonlinear magneto-optic effects in thin-film guided-wave geometries are included.","PeriodicalId":175010,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Photonics Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132774888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Second-harmonic generation of blue light in a periodically poled LiTaO3 waveguide","authors":"S. Matsumoto, E. Lim, M. Fejer, H. Hertz","doi":"10.1364/ipr.1991.thc4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ipr.1991.thc4","url":null,"abstract":"The demand for sources of coherent blue light with milliwatt output powers has stimulated much research activity in guided-wave devices for second-harmonic generation (SHG). To address the inability of otherwise-suitable materials to phase-match birefringently, quasi-phase-matching (QPM) has been used for SHG of visible radiation in LiNbO3,1,2 polymer,3 and KTP4 waveguides. This paper reports blue light generated by quasi-phase-matched SHG in a periodically poled LiTaO3 waveguide.","PeriodicalId":175010,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Photonics Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133546635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement and Dispersion of Two-Photon Parameter for All-Optical Switching","authors":"K. Delong, V. Mizrahi, G. Stegeman, M. Saifi, M. Andrejco","doi":"10.1364/ipr.1990.tuf2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ipr.1990.tuf2","url":null,"abstract":"We calculate the dispersion of a two-photon figure of merit for all-optical switching, and show that in semiconductors operation below the two-photon bandgap is desirable. We present measurements of two-photon absorption in titanium doped and lead glass fibers.","PeriodicalId":175010,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Photonics Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122264361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monolithically integrated ln0.53Ga0.47As receiver with voltage-tunable transimpedance","authors":"D. Lo, Y. Chung, S. Forrest","doi":"10.1364/ipr.1991.tuc4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ipr.1991.tuc4","url":null,"abstract":"Monolithically integrated InP-based optical receivers are attractive for long-wavelength high-density optical communications. Here we reported an In0.53Ga0.47As receiver which consists of an In0.53Ga0.47As PIN photodiode and an In0.53Ga0.47As JFET transimpedance amplifier. The In0.53Ga0.47As JFETs have previously demonstrated high stability and suitable for large-scale InP-based OEICs.1 A narrow-gate In0.53Ga0.47As JFET (5μm wide and 30μm long) is used as an active feedback resistor for the transimpedance amplifier. The output resistance of the narrow-gate transistor operated in its linear region can be dynamically tuned over a wide range. In addition to the active resistors, the transimpedance amplifier has a common source inverter, a level-shifter and an output buffer. Figure 1 shows the circuit diagram and photomicrograph of the monolithic receiver.","PeriodicalId":175010,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Photonics Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117321682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare-earth-doped fibers","authors":"E. Snitzer","doi":"10.1117/3.853722.ch74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/3.853722.ch74","url":null,"abstract":"With the availability of compact high brightness laser diodes as pumps and low loss glasses as the hosts for rare earths, a significant new category of lasers has emerged. The small diameters for single mode fibers gives high thermal gradients that readily dissipate any heating so as to allow CW operating for outputs as high as several watts. The greatest attenuation has been given to erbium in silica operating at 1.53-1.55 μm as an optical amplifier for communications. It gives gains approaching 40 dB, gain coefficients greater titan 5 dB/mW for pumping at 0.98 or 1.47 nm, and saturation outputs of 18 dBm in fibers that are readily compatible with commercial fibers. In a double clad silica fiber, Nd at 1.06 μm can give an efficiency greater than 50% when pumped with a high output multiple stripe laser diode. In silica, laser emission has also been obtained from Pr, Sm, Ho, Tm and Yb. The lower energy phonon spectra of heavy metal fluorides has allowed for significant population in energy levels that are quenched in silicates, thereby giving additional laser transitions. Particularly striking in this regard are Ho and Tm which lase at shorter wave lengths than the pump by up-conversion through stepwise absorption of successive pump photons. Tm can lase at 455 and 480 nm when pumped with 640-690 nm radiation. Energy transfer between ions has been used for fluorescence sensitization, terminal state depletion and up-conversion. The configurations for laser oscillators, amplifiers, and super-luminescent sources will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":175010,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Photonics Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116960962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear integrated switches using spatial solitons","authors":"D. R. Heatley, E. Wright, G. Stegeman","doi":"10.1364/ipr.1990.wb5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ipr.1990.wb5","url":null,"abstract":"Recent experiments1 show evidence of spatial solitons within waveguides that exhibit a Kerr nonlinearity. An all-optical switch based on this effect has been proposed previously2 and modeled numerically in one transverse dimension (1D). We now investigate the two-dimensional (2D) case, using a saturable nonlinearity to avoid critical self-focusing of the beam.","PeriodicalId":175010,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Photonics Research","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116651508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polarization-insensitive optical amplifiers: modelling and measurement","authors":"T. Young, M. Janson, M. Gustavsson","doi":"10.1364/ipr.1991.wd1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ipr.1991.wd1","url":null,"abstract":"The need for simulation tools in designing and tolerancing integrated-optical components has long been recognized. Here we present a modeling study of an optical amplifier, using structural data obtained from SEMs, and compare the predictions with measurements.","PeriodicalId":175010,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Photonics Research","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114649452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of a nonlinear directional coupler by a full vectorial finite-element method","authors":"M. Zoboli, F. Di Pasquale, P. Bassi, G. Tartarini","doi":"10.1364/ipr.1991.thg3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ipr.1991.thg3","url":null,"abstract":"The nonlinear directional coupler is one of the most promising-all-optical switch devices as it has two input and output channels. This device has been analyzed both by means of the coupled mode theory and by the beam propagation method.1 In this paper, in order to study also the case of nonlinearity with high variations in the index of refraction, we analyze it with a full vectorial finite-element based code.2","PeriodicalId":175010,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Photonics Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121485288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication and enhanced performance of reduced-confinement GaAlAs tapered-waveguide antennas","authors":"D. E. Bossi, W. Goodhue, L. Johnson, M. Finn, K. Rauschenbach, R. Rediker","doi":"10.1364/ipr.1990.mi3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ipr.1990.mi3","url":null,"abstract":"Tapered-waveguide antennas reduce the far-field divergence of beams emitted from integrated-optical waveguides. Previously, we presented preliminary results on reduced-confinement GaAlAs antennas,1 which, unlike horn antennas, are compatible with two-dimensional antenna development. We now report a new fabrication technique that permits improved and reproducible performance of these antennas, and we describe a numerical simulation that allows us to verify and accurately predict performance limitations of reduced-confinement antennas.","PeriodicalId":175010,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Photonics Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121119882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"1.3-μm InGaAs/GaAs interdigitated metal–semiconductor–metal photodetectors","authors":"C. Jagannath, A. M. Masum Choudhury, B. Elman, C. Armiento","doi":"10.1364/ipr.1990.tua7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ipr.1990.tua7","url":null,"abstract":"The development of monolithic optoelectronic integrated circuits (OEICs) are of considerable interest because these components are expected to offer increased reliability, lower cost, and higher speed than their hybrid counterparts. Of particular interest in future broadband communication systems is the integration of long-wavelength (1.3–1.6 μm) optoelectronic devices with high-speed electronic circuits. Recent advances in heteroepitaxial growth of lattice-mismatched materials has made it possible to grow epitaxial InGaAs on GaAs substrates. This technology offers the possibility for fabrication of InGaAs interdigitated metal–semiconductor–metal (IMSM) photodetectors, operating at a wavelength of 1.3 μm, on GaAs substrates.1 Compared with lattice-matched growth on InP, growth on GaAs offers the potential for exploiting the mature GaAs electronics technology in the development of monolithic receiver OEICs. IMSM photodetectors have a planar geometry that simplifies integration with GaAs MESFETs. Monolithic integration, however, requires that the epitaxial InGaAs be able to withstand MESFET processing such as high-temperature anneals used to activate ion-implanted layers.","PeriodicalId":175010,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Photonics Research","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121290375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}