ACM '58Pub Date : 1958-06-11DOI: 10.1145/610937.610973
W. Knowles, R. Williams
{"title":"Solutions for incompatibility in multiple media data processing","authors":"W. Knowles, R. Williams","doi":"10.1145/610937.610973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/610937.610973","url":null,"abstract":"In the past year two data conversion systems have been completed° One of these is a highly versatile all-purpose data converter~ while the second is a simplified and slower versions These machines are basically capable of converting information produced on practically all known forms of digital computers. They are also capable of handling data originating in digital fo~T~ from sources other than computers. Both equipments employ semi~eonductors to the nearly complete exclusion of vacuum tubes, and the large machine is approx~ imately the size of a medium sized general-purpose digital computers","PeriodicalId":174899,"journal":{"name":"ACM '58","volume":"705 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1958-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131740817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACM '58Pub Date : 1958-06-11DOI: 10.1145/610937.610947
R. Henderson, James R. Marsheck
{"title":"Computations in magnetic and gravity interpretation","authors":"R. Henderson, James R. Marsheck","doi":"10.1145/610937.610947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/610937.610947","url":null,"abstract":"In geophysical exploration it is common practice to conduct magnetic or gravity surveys over areas of interest. The results of such surveys are usually presented in the form of an anomaly map consisting of isointensity lines of some component of the measured field. The major problem is to interpret the anomalies in terms of their probable subsurface geologic cause. The computation of fields closer to the source or the computation of derivatives of the fields greatly facilitate the interpretation by bringing into focus certain latent diagnostic features of the data. Let~¢(x,y) represent values of the field interpolated at the points of a square mesh from contours of the measured anomalous component. ~(x,y,z) satisfies V 2 Eg~¢(x,y,z)J = 0 and accordingly may be treated by the methods of potential theory as far as the nearest singular point. Briefly stated, the problem is to compute accurately ~¢(x,y, z) below the plane and ~¢) and ~2~) on and below the plane on modern electronic digital computing equipment.","PeriodicalId":174899,"journal":{"name":"ACM '58","volume":"588 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1958-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131612890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACM '58Pub Date : 1958-06-11DOI: 10.1145/610937.610954
Vincent J. DiGri, J. King
{"title":"Input-output translation in the SHARE 709 system","authors":"Vincent J. DiGri, J. King","doi":"10.1145/610937.610954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/610937.610954","url":null,"abstract":"From the outset it was agreed that the SHAP~ 709 System should contain some provision for input and output translation at the program execution or customer level° The real problem came in determining for what needs the specifications should supply a solution° Should general input and output routines conserve space or time? Should a general input routine be set up to anticipate fixed or variable field formats in the input data card? These and many other questions cannot be answered to the satisfaction of everyone° )%ny of the answers depend upon the particular computing installation being asked -~ its past experiences its policies~ and the components which will make up its particular 709~ Clearly~ one general input program and one general output program would not satisfy even a ~nall fraction of the potential users of the system®","PeriodicalId":174899,"journal":{"name":"ACM '58","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1958-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133475412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACM '58Pub Date : 1958-06-11DOI: 10.1145/610937.610949
Raul Pavon
{"title":"The Mexican light and power company introduces a direct way for fast computation of industrial services with power factor adjustment","authors":"Raul Pavon","doi":"10.1145/610937.610949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/610937.610949","url":null,"abstract":"At the time we decided to mechanize Industrial accounts we found that the most difficult value to be obtained in a computer was the billed '~power factor\"~ in order to adjust the amou~en lower than 0~80 The first steps in mechanization included originally 3 runs in a 602~A using 3 different control panels and with no verification of results, because oT the long time spent on calculation° As a matter of fact two of the panels were used exclusively for power factor and adjustment determination because the power factor was obtained by-means of the relation cosy= + and as it is well known square root in computers takes many program steps in order to have a good approximation. Taking into account that the square root method was very slow and tedious work, by the variable execution time(VET)on the 602-A and mainly because we had a new project, to introduce a couple of 604-4 electronic calculators in our billing section a revision of the-procedure was necessary. After some trials to obtain a direct relat ion between ~H and KVARH and the Power factor, we found that the curve plotted for corresponding values of cos ~ (ordinate) versus-cotg ~ (abscissa), could be approached by a polynomial of the form cos~= K1 cotg2~+~cotg ~ ~ K3;after that, weworked on the empirical formula by the method of \"least squares\" using 60 points of the curve, obtaining the exact trigonometric correspondence between cos ~ and-cotg~ at every specific point, and building 60 first degree equations. The tedious work for finding the three \"normal equations\" was done in a 604-4 and the final results were done manually by the usual way.","PeriodicalId":174899,"journal":{"name":"ACM '58","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1958-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117228318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACM '58Pub Date : 1958-06-11DOI: 10.1145/610937.610977
J. B. Bartoo, Danuta Hiz, Donald T. Laird
{"title":"A program for applying the principle of parsimony in multiple regression","authors":"J. B. Bartoo, Danuta Hiz, Donald T. Laird","doi":"10.1145/610937.610977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/610937.610977","url":null,"abstract":"A program is described for solving problems in multiple regression analysis on a medium scale computer, PENNSTAC. While the general principles involved are not new, several features of the routine to be discussed make it quite suitable for most of the applications which have been encountered.PENNSTAC, which was built by the Department of Electrical Engineering at The Pennsylvania State University, is a magnetic drum computer with roughly the same capabilities as the IBM Type 650. It uses a binary-coded decimal number systems, and the memory holds 2,500 eleven digit words. Numerical quantities are represented by ten digits with a sign; the position of the decimal point is the same for all numbers, but can be set by the operator to any suitable place for a given problem. The input-output medium is punched paper tape. Input speed is quite adequate, but use of output must be economized.","PeriodicalId":174899,"journal":{"name":"ACM '58","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1958-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116113244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACM '58Pub Date : 1958-06-11DOI: 10.1145/610937.610967
J. W. Young, H. K. Kent
{"title":"An abstract formulation of data processing problems","authors":"J. W. Young, H. K. Kent","doi":"10.1145/610937.610967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/610937.610967","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY A data processing problem can be described in terms of four kinds of components: 1) Information set, P;, This is a llst' of al) is~ossibte ;nformation ;terns belonging to the same class; from the items in these lists are drawn the data which flow through the system. Examples of ;terns which make up information sets are customers' names and addresses, part numbers, unit prices, salesmen names, etc. Documenfs~ D]o Documents are a collection of related information items Dik0 They are generally inputs or outputs, e.g., shipping notice, invoicer et\"co Each document consists of K entries, e.g., date, customer's name and addressr etc. 3) Relationships among the Dj, Djk, andPi. These will be discussed below. An abstract statement of a problem is obtained by the preparation of two lists. The first is a llst of the information sets (Pi) along with certain data about the number of items in each set, the number of characters required for each item, and the relationships among sets. The second llst presents for each document (Dj) tile items (Djk) on the document and the information set each item belongs to. It also presents the relationships associated wlth all the items in the system and the operational requirements of the system. A simplified version of a billing operation consisting of a shipping notice, invoice, payment1 monthly statement and daily sales report has been stated in abstract terms. One of the relationshlps that exists between information sets is a one-.to-one","PeriodicalId":174899,"journal":{"name":"ACM '58","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1958-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116229363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACM '58Pub Date : 1958-06-11DOI: 10.1145/610937.611000
T. Arnette
{"title":"Interpolation procedure for closed curves","authors":"T. Arnette","doi":"10.1145/610937.611000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/610937.611000","url":null,"abstract":"It seemed desirable to devise a procedure for constructing a smooth, closed curve out of a relatively few calculated points on the curve. Available interpolation procedures either introduce discontinuities in slope at each data point (polynomial) or spurious fluctuations (Fourier series). By the following procedure it is possible, with relatively little calculation and the use of a flexible oscilloscope plotting routine, to produce automatically plotted curves which are easily as artistic as those drawn by a skilled draftsman. Given x and y values at N distinct points, the x's are expressed as a function of n, an independent variable which takes on successive integral values for successive x-values around the curve. (The y's are treated likewise~ but separately.) If both x and n are analytic functions of arc length, it is reasonable to fit x by a cubic polynomial in n between each two entries. To avoid sudden changes in slope and curvature at integral n-values, the polynomial passing through x n and Xn+ I should satisfy the following conditions~ which guarantee continuity of value, slope and curvature : (1) (2) (3) (4) n3 + 2 Xn = fn+l (n) = an+ I bn+l n + Cn+ I n + dn+ I","PeriodicalId":174899,"journal":{"name":"ACM '58","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1958-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122387674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACM '58Pub Date : 1958-06-11DOI: 10.1145/610937.610944
W. Dorn
{"title":"On the collocation method for the solution of boundary value problems","authors":"W. Dorn","doi":"10.1145/610937.610944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/610937.610944","url":null,"abstract":"~mzz Let L be a linear second order partial differential operator of the elliptic type. The linear three-dimensional boundary value problem may be stated as follows : Find a (1) in some region R bounded by a surface S and such that ~i u + a2u ~ + a3~ + ~4u = f (2) on S.","PeriodicalId":174899,"journal":{"name":"ACM '58","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1958-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122291110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACM '58Pub Date : 1958-06-11DOI: 10.1145/610937.610955
Owen R. Mock, C. J. Swift
{"title":"Programmed buffering of input-output on the 709","authors":"Owen R. Mock, C. J. Swift","doi":"10.1145/610937.610955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/610937.610955","url":null,"abstract":"Here then, we have several units operating in parallel, whose activities must be coordinated to achieve efficient operation. If the activities are short and repetitive, this coordination is relatively simple. If, however, information flow is in irregular \"bursts\" a need exists for anticipating future activity and the allocation of part of memory as \"buffer storage.\" The operation of programming this we call \"dispatching.\" The switch of information from buffer area to working storage may occur as an actual transfer or by some device such as setting an index register. In addition to the above considerations, the reading and writing of tapes in the 709 must be checked by the main computer for parity failures, end of tape, etc. Thus we find all routines connected with input-output of any kind must communicate with each other. Also, for efficient use of buffer areas and, in some cases tapes, we must have standard buffer and tape formats and further conmmnication. The input-output system we describe here is basically a set of standards for communication purposes.","PeriodicalId":174899,"journal":{"name":"ACM '58","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1958-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122038211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACM '58Pub Date : 1958-06-11DOI: 10.1145/610937.610975
J. M. Wier
{"title":"A physical model of an abstract learning process","authors":"J. M. Wier","doi":"10.1145/610937.610975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/610937.610975","url":null,"abstract":"Such a p r o c e s s can be r ea l i zed phys ica l ly in a n u m b e r of s imple f o r m s inc luding an exact phys i ca l mode l of the \"poin t and l ine\" model us ing pegs in a pegboard for the points and s t r i n g for the connec t ing a s s o c i a t i o n s . An e l e c t r i c a l p lugboard may also be used in the same way. A more e legant mode l may be cons t ruc t ed by us ing a n o r m a l r andom access d igi ta l computer m e m o r y . In th is case a g iven a d d r e s s in the m e m o r y c o r r e s p o n d s to one of the points . Stored in the d i f fe rent s to rage locat ions a r e the a d d r e s s e s of a l l of the assoc ia ted , 'points\" which in this case a re o ther s torage a d d r e s s e s . With each of these a s soc i a t i on a d d r e s s e s i s s to red a value co r r e spond ing to the s t r eng th of the a s s o c i a t ion. U n i l a t e r a l a s s o c i a t i o n s a re s tored by giving an assoc ia ted add res s at only one of two s to rage l o c a t i o n s which c o r r e s p o n d to un i l a t e r a l l y assoc ia ted points in the env i ronmen t .","PeriodicalId":174899,"journal":{"name":"ACM '58","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1958-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127941799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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