{"title":"Trust Management System for Hybrid Industrial Blockchains","authors":"Fatemeh Stodt, C. Reich, A. Sikora, Dominik Welte","doi":"10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10218183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10218183","url":null,"abstract":"As industrial networks continue to expand and connect more devices and users, they face growing security challenges such as unauthorized access and data breaches. This paper delves into the crucial role of security and trust in industrial networks and how trust management systems (TMS) can mitigate malicious access to these networks.The TMS presented in this paper leverages distributed ledger technology (blockchain) to evaluate the trustworthiness of blockchain nodes, including devices and users, and make access decisions accordingly. While this approach is applicable to blockchain, it can also be extended to other areas. This approach can help prevent malicious actors from penetrating industrial networks and causing harm. The paper also presents the results of a simulation to demonstrate the behavior of the TMS and provide insights into its effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":174443,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE 21st International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114821749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An adapation Framework for Industry 4.0 Responsive Production Systems","authors":"M. Mabkhot, N. Lohse, P. Ferreira","doi":"10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10218127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10218127","url":null,"abstract":"One of the key aims of Industry 4.0 is to create more responsive systems. Responsiveness and adaptation enable coping with new market requirements or introducing new products, as demonstrated by the challenges posed by COVID-19. Despite the economic and sustainability benefits, practitioners often only consider adapting their systems for limited cases. They rely on simple, intuitive estimates of adaptation metrics and do not optimize these milestone decisions, leading to missed opportunities. Currently, there are no reliable methods for measuring system adaptability, quantifying the effort required to adapt it from one state to another, or optimizing the adaptation decision. This paper proposes a comprehensive adaptation framework based on complexity index quantification, graph network estimation, and multi-objective optimization. The framework outlines three approaches for estimating efforts in adapting the physical system design, upgrading control software, and optimizing the adaptation decision. The application on a lab-sized cell demonstrates the framework’s ability to estimate the adaption processes metric and generate a set of optimized cell states. The application reveals potentials for improvement and extension of the three approaches.","PeriodicalId":174443,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE 21st International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124033734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Increasing Robustness of Agents’ Decision-Making in Production Automation using Sanctioning","authors":"K. Land, L. G. Nardin, Birgit Vogel-Heuser","doi":"10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10217852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10217852","url":null,"abstract":"Industry 4.0 requires high reconfigurability and flexibility of cyber-physical production systems (CPPS). Agent-based approaches are introduced to realize decentralized decision-making and flexibility within CPPS. Agents negotiate with each other regarding task allocation in production systems to achieve a global goal together. In non-deterministic systems, agents’ decision-making can become inaccurate due to misalignment between the agents’ beliefs and the actual state of the physical system they represent. (Un)Intentional misestimations can lead to non-optimal task allocation regarding the global system’s goal. Additionally, decisions that benefit individual agents’ goals, such as ‘get all tasks’, can contradict the global system’s goal. In this paper, a sanctioning approach known from socio-technical systems is integrated into a non-deterministic production plant consisting of a process part and a logistics part to increase the robustness of agents’ decision-making.","PeriodicalId":174443,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE 21st International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116906217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Standards for Information Models Considering Knowledge Distribution in Modular Plants","authors":"Amy Koch, Nazanin Hamedi, Lukas Furtner, Tobias Kock, Anselm Klose, Jonathan Mädler","doi":"10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10218218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10218218","url":null,"abstract":"For various applications, information models described in standards are available to enable a digital data exchange. For modular process plants, where different domains are interacting in different phases of the plant lifecycle, single, existing standards are not sufficient.In this work, we analyze the most relevant standards for process engineering, namely OntoCAPE, DEXPI, and IEC 61512, in regards to their application to support the lifecycle of modular process plants, which are described in the VDI 2776 and VDI/VDE/NAMUR 2658 standards. By challenging the standards with competency questions derived from a specific use case, we discuss which information models are most suitable for all individual domains in each lifecycle phase. The result is the specification of parts of these standards which are needed to create a fully digital support for modular process plants on the example of the introduced use case.","PeriodicalId":174443,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE 21st International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115046290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Kara, M. S. Qureshi, Zeynep Basaran Bundur, O. Bebek
{"title":"Designing Redundant Cable-Driven Parallel Robots for Additive Manufacturing using End-Effector Compliance Index","authors":"B. Kara, M. S. Qureshi, Zeynep Basaran Bundur, O. Bebek","doi":"10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10218156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10218156","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a methodology for optimizing cable anchor points for cable-driven parallel robots (CDPRs) for specific additive manufacturing tasks. Much of a CDPR’s workspace is generally not used for printing tasks. The unused workspace of the CDPR can be sacrificed to gain greater control to fulfill the printing task. In this paper, the CDPR is designed for a specific task to achieve the best printing results. To find the optimum robot size, the stiffness of the end-effector and mean cable tension are analyzed. The end-effector compliance index (ECI) is proposed to assess the stiffness of the end-effector within the workspace. The ECI uses cable directions to determine the compliance of a given robot pose. From simulation results, a relation to get optimum CDPR frame size is achieved for both suspended and constrained type CDPRs. The proposed method can be used to design low-cost cable-driven robots for additive manufacturing.","PeriodicalId":174443,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE 21st International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130032023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Understanding the Role of Solar PV and Battery Energy Storage in a Snack Bar: A Case Study in Madeira Island","authors":"Lucas Pereira, Jonathan Cavaleiro, Hugo Morais","doi":"10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10218295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10218295","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial Kitchens (IKs) are spaces with very intensive electricity consumption. Nevertheless, unlike other sectors in industry and commerce, very little research has been carried out to understand the role of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) in improving the energy efficiency of such spaces. In this respect, this paper presents a year-long real-world assessment of employing the combination of solar PV and BESS in a small kitchen restaurant on Madeira Island. The results suggest that the PV-BESS can become profitable due to the high consumption levels observed in the restaurant, especially when energy arbitrage is also considered. For example, in this particular case, it is possible to cover on average 26% of the total demand with energy acquired at a lower price. The results also show that in the context of IKs, and in this case of a snack bar, it is essential to account for appliances with high power fluctuations when controlling the battery to avoid unintended grid feed-in.","PeriodicalId":174443,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE 21st International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123769783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Individualized Clustered Cooperative Communication Units in Automated Electrical Routing in 3D CAD","authors":"Tizian Dagner, Selin Kesler","doi":"10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10218004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10218004","url":null,"abstract":"Many industries are faced with the dilemma of increasing the amount of wires and cables in their products. The process of mapping the path of these cables is tedious, iterative, and prone to errors. Instead of manually specifying all the waypoints for a diverse set of cables, automation can provide globally optimized and proven pathways accelerating the product development process. To implement automated electrical routing, an industry-appropriate method is seamlessly integrated into existing 3D computer-aided design (CAD) workflows. The aim of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness and practicality of multi-agent reinforcement learning in determining the most efficient paths in three-dimensional space. To achieve this goal, information is extracted directly from 3D CAD and the results are immediately fed back into CAD. This paper proposes a novel approach that involves clustering the cables based on example paths prior to the actual learning process. Then, a communicating multi-agent proximal policy optimization (PPO) algorithm learns the routing process. To solve the shortest path problem in three-dimensional space while considering cable-and environment-specific constraints and minimizing the total cable length, the agents’ accessible space is restricted to a maximum distance from the initial 3D CAD geometry. The developed approach is explained in this paper and compared to established techniques in electrical routing such as the A* algorithm.","PeriodicalId":174443,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE 21st International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126831331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Standardized Edge Computing Infrastructure of LoRaWAN Using IEEE 2668","authors":"Zhifu Zhang, Yucheng Liu, G. Hancke, K. Tsang","doi":"10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10218036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10218036","url":null,"abstract":"LoRaWAN is an overwhelmingly popular wide area networking protocol that is capable of deploying city-wide Internet of Things (IoT) networks. Increase on the deployment of LoRaWAN in the last few years has led to exponential increase on the number of LoRa sensory and actuating end devices and results in more congestion in LoRaWAN network traffic. Moreover, the evolving AI-IoT (AIoT) applications (e.g., AI-powered environment monitoring system) create needs for more computing power with low latency requirements. To mitigate the high latency issue and the shortage of computing power due to continuously demanding quality of service (QoS) requirements of IoT applications, the Edge-Cloud server structure has been explored in a thorough manner in research area in recent years. An IEEE 2668 standardized IoT infrastructure system is presented in this work focusing on analyzing the performance of applying Edge-Cloud network server structure to LoRaWAN networks and provide standardized edge computing LoRaWAN infrastructure. This work uses queuing network to quantitively analyze the performance of an edge computing infrastructure applied to LoRaWAN and uses IEEE 2668 to quantitively present the performance and applicability of the Edge-Cloud LoRaWAN infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":174443,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE 21st International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125739543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A multi-output LSTM-CNN learning scheme for power disaggregation within a NILM framework","authors":"Yacine Belguermi, P. Wira, Gilles Hermann","doi":"10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10217936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10217936","url":null,"abstract":"The non-deterministic home appliances’ behaviour makes aggregated power consumption hard to be explored and to identify individual appliances’ consumption (disaggregation) in residential buildings. This paper presents a deep neural network learning scheme in order to disaggregate a main meter’s aggregated signal into 11 appliances’ signals and estimate their individual power consumption. A 1-Dimensional Convolution Neural Network (1D CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) layers are used together to form a sequence-to-point (S2P) and a sequence-to-sequence (S2S) Multi-Target Regressor (MTR) for learning and recognizing the loads. Our model is fed with the home total real power (P), total reactive power (Q) and total current (I) and outputs the disaggregated real power (P) for each appliance. The model was trained and evaluated on the AMPds2 public dataset which results in a global disaggregation accuracy of 93.27% for the S2P model and 87.79% for the S2S model. The S2P model outperforms the existing methods in terms of disaggregation accuracy and the number of disaggregated appliances (11 appliances instead of 9) on the used database.","PeriodicalId":174443,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE 21st International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131309476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extended Reference Broadcast Infrastructure Synchronization Protocol in 5G and Beyond","authors":"Michael Gundall, C. Huber, H. Schotten","doi":"10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10217973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10217973","url":null,"abstract":"In order to enable all types of use cases that are proposed within 5G and B5G factory scenarios, an accurate and precise time synchronization is required. Here, the so-called RBIS protocol is a possible solution since it was specifically designed for infrastructure-based wireless communications. While the use of RBIS protocol has a lot of benfits, a strong weakness is its restriction to the range of a single gNB. Thus, a concept for the extension of the RBIS protocol is proposed within this work, as well as a mapping to 5G and B5G systems.In order to prove the suitability of this approach, a simulation that is based on a reference scenario that was specified by NGMN, 3GPP, and IEEE, is carried out. Moreover, as the performance is dependent on the number of users and their mobility, either a tradeoff between minimum number of UEs and performance has to be done, or the usage of dedicated synchronization UEs that are able to guarantee the time synchronization quality.","PeriodicalId":174443,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE 21st International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132860411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}