Journal of The Saudi Pharmaceutical Society最新文献

{"title":"The Artistry and Creative Process in the Making of Malang Masks in East Java | Kesenian dan Proses Kreatif dalam Penciptaan Topeng Malang di Jawa Timur","authors":"Guntur","doi":"10.26721/SPAFAJOURNAL.2021.V5.636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26721/SPAFAJOURNAL.2021.V5.636","url":null,"abstract":"The creative process in Malang mask making has a strong tradition of creation which has produced a unique form. The Malang mask art has been popularized based on the Panji story. Despite being properties of an art performance, the masks are works of art. The visual characteristics of the faces and their carved ornaments are the main elements that determine the typology of the mask’s facial appearance. The characteristics of form, color, expression, and function create a unique style or identity of the group of traditional mask artists in Malang. Masks can be classified according to four general types of character: the figure of Panji, antagonistic characters, servants, and animals. In terms of the traditionality of creation, including aspects of material, technique, and function in the community of craftsmen, the style of the masks refers to previously existing forms. This essay is a qualitative description of the artistry of Malang masks, through the formation of the Panji story – based on kidung as indigenous stories in the practice of adaptive Hinduism – and leaning on a dichotomy with the Kakawin form. Malang masks are used by the wayang topeng community in art performances to present the narration of the Panji story – against the spiritual cultural background of the common people.\u0000Process kreatif dalam pembuatan topeng Malang memiliki tradisi penciptaan yang kuat, dan telah menghasilkan bentuk yang khas. Topeng Malang dipopulerkan berdasarkan kisah Panji. Meskipun menjadi properti seni pertunjukan, topeng adalah karya seni. Karakteristik visual wajah dan ornamen ukir merupakan elemen utama yang membentuk tipologi perwajahan topeng. Karakteristik pada bentuk, warna, ekspresi, serta fungsi, menghasilkan gaya atau identitas unik dari kelompok seniman topeng tradisional di Malang. Klasifikasi topeng ada pada empat tipologi umum karakter tokoh: sosok Panji, tokoh antagonis, tokoh abdi, dan tokoh binatang. Dari sisi tradisionalitas penciptaan, yaitu aspek materialitas, teknik, dan fungsinya di komunitas perajin, gaya topeng mengacu kepada bentuk topeng yang ada sebelumnya. Esai ini mendeskripsikan secara kualitatif perwujudan artistik topeng Malang, melalui formasi kisah Panji - berdasarkan kidung sebagai cerita asli dalam praktek Hinduisme adaptif - dan bersandar pada dikotomi dengan bentuk Kakawin. Topeng Malang digunakan oleh masyarakat topeng wayang dalam pertunjukan seni untuk menampilkan narasi kisah Panji - dengan latar belakang kultural spiritual orang biasa.","PeriodicalId":17409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Saudi Pharmaceutical Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88823982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Buddhist Decorative Glazed Tiles of Mrauk U: The Arakanese Appropriation of Islamic Glazed Tiling | မြောက်ဦးမြို့ရှိ ဗုဒ္ဓသာသနိက အလှဆင် စဉ့်ချပ်များ အစ္စလမ်မစ် စဉ့်ချပ်အလှဆင်မှုဓလေ့ကို ရခိုင့်ဒေသယဉ်ကျေးမှုနှင့်လိုက်ဖက်စွာ ပြန်လည်အသုံးချမှု","authors":"Saw Tun Lin","doi":"10.26721/SPAFAJOURNAL.2021.5.659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26721/SPAFAJOURNAL.2021.5.659","url":null,"abstract":"Mrauk U is situated in the western part of modern Myanmar and was the capital of Arakan (Rakhine) from 1430 CE until the Burmese conquest in 1784 CE. Its unique position in the Bay of Bengal via the Kaladan river and its tributaries resulted in the development of a commercial and cultural center in its heyday. European travel accounts and chronicles describe Mrauk U as a prosperous cosmopolitan city with a polyglot court, not only using native Arakanese language but also Persian and Bengali. Consequently, the remnants of art and archaeology reveal that the artisans drew much of their inspiration from Indian, European and Burmese traditions (Gutman 2001; 2002; Leider 2002:83). This paper contextualizes decorative glazed tiles of Arakanese Buddhist monuments in relation to the historical, political and cultural situation of Mrauk U. Regional interaction will be taken into account to identify the origins and development of Arakanese glazing technology. Previous research has mainly focused on the art and architecture of the Mrauk U period and the origin of the glazing technique remains vague. The comparative analysis reveals that significant elements in Arakanese glazing art, such as the use of stylized, geometric, floral or vegetal designs and animal poses seem to be borrowed from Islamic art. This article argues that Islamic tile tradition exerted considerable influence on the Arakanese glazing technique, probably via Bengal.\u0000မြနမာနငင အနောကဖကပငးတငတညရသော မြောကဦးမြသည 1430 AD မစ၍ 1784 AD ဗမာမငးများ သမးပကခသညအချနတငအောင ရခငလမျးတ​၏ မြတောဖြစခပါသည။ ဥရောပ ခရးသားမတတမးများနင ရာဇဝငများတင ဖောပြချကများအရ မြောကဦးသည လမျးပေါငးစ အခြေချနေထငပး မခင ရခငဘာသာစကား သာမက ပါရနးနင ငဘဂါလဘာသာစကားများပါ အသးပြသော နနးတောတညရရာမြလညး ဖြစသည။ ၎ငး​၏ အကျးဆက အနေဖြင မြောကဦးမြရ ကျငးကျနရစသော ရေးဟောငသတေသနနင အနပညာလကရာများသည အနဒယ၊ ဥရောပ နင မြနမာယဉကျေးမဟနများ ရောယကလျကရပါသည။ ယခစာတမးသည မြောကဦးမြရ ဗဒဓသာသနက အဆောကအဦးများတင အလဆငထားသော စဉချပများအကြောငးက မြောကဦးခေတ သမငး၊ နငငရေးနင ယဉကျေးမ အခြေအနေများနင ချနထး၍ လေလာသားမညဖြစသည။ စဉပြလပသည အတတပညာက မညသ မညပ ကျမးကျငတတမြောကခကြောငးက ဒေသတငးအခြား ခေတပြင စဉလပငနးများနင ချငချန လေလာသားပါမည။ ယခငလေလာခသော သတေသနများသည မြောကဦးခေတ ဗသကာနင အနပညာရပများအပေါ အဓကဇောငးပေးခပး စဉအတတပညာမညသ ရရတတမြောကခကြောငး လေလာရနလအပလျကရပါသည။ နငးယဉလေလာ ချကများအရ ရခင စဉချပများပေါရ ပနးခကပနးနယ၊ ဂျဩမေထြ ဟနပန ဒဇငးများနင တရစဆာန ကယနေဟနထား ပစများသည အစစလမမစ အနပညာ လကရာများနင တညသော အငဂါရပများစာတေရပါသည။ အစစလမဘာသာရေး အဆောကအဦးများတင စဉချပ အလဆငသောဓလေသည မြောကဦးစဉချပ အလဆငမ ဓလေအပေါတင လမးမးမရခပြး ၎ငးနညးပညာမာ အနဒယနငင ငဘဂလားဒေသမ ဆငးသက လာသညဟ ယဆရ နငကြောငးက ယခစာတမးတင ဆေးနေးတငပြသားပါမည။","PeriodicalId":17409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Saudi Pharmaceutical Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85571626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Three-Age System: A Struggle for Southeast Asian Prehistoric Periodisation","authors":"Podjanok Kanjanajuntorn","doi":"10.26721/spafajournal.v4i0.623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26721/spafajournal.v4i0.623","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the concept of the “Three-Age System” that has to some extent stymied the conceptualization of Southeast Asian prehistory. The direct transfer of this system from its European application to Southeast Asia has substantially influenced the analysis and characterization of Southeast Asian data. In particular, the chronological division of ‘Bronze Age’ and ‘Iron Age’ has overemphasized the linkage between the development of metal technology in relation to socio-economic development. It is agreed that absolute chronology needs to be established, however the terminology of ‘Bronze Age’ and ‘Iron Age’ should be used specifically for the classification of artefact chronology, separately from the explanation of stages of social organisation. Archaeological data from west-central Thailand will be discussed to demonstrate the issue of the incompatible framework of the Three-Age System (Figures 1-2). The apparent absence of clear age subdivisions and the lack of a “real” Bronze Age has made the chronology of this region seem incomplete. Stone tools had been abundantly used throughout the prehistoric period, and bronze and iron materials were often found at the same sites. However, little scientific data prior to 500 BCE has been obtained from any site in the region. This may or may not be the reason for west-central Thailand being considered peripheral in the discussion of the socio-economic development of mainland Southeast Asia. In consideration of these issues, archaeological methodology and the formation of knowledge from Southeast Asia prehistory will be discussed, including the necessity to move from the imported “Three Age System” to concepts that better fit the local data in west-central Thailand. The distorted prehistoric analysis needs to be adjusted so that our understanding of prehistory in Thailand does not become a scientific illusion. บทความนเปนการสำรวจและสะทอนใหเหนวา “ระบบสามยค” ทใชในการกำหนดอายแหลงโบราณคดดวยวธเทยบเคยงน แทบจะกลายเปนกรอบคดในการศกษาโบราณคดสมยกอนประวตศาสตรเอเชยตะวนออกเฉยงใต ระบบการกำหนดอายแบบโบราณคดยโรปทถกนำมาใชไดสงอทธพลตอแนวทางการศกษาโบราณคดภมภาคนอยางสำคญ โดยเฉพาะอยางยงการกำหนดอาย ‘ยคสำรด’ และ ‘ยคเหลก’ ทมงเนนการศกษาพฒนาการดานเทคโนโลยโลหกรรมแลวนำไปใชอธบายเชอมโยงกบพฒนาการทางสงคม การลำดบอายสมยมความสำคญสำหรบโบราณคดกอนประวตศาสตรกจรง แตการใช 'ยคสำรด’ และ ‘ยคเหลก’ ควรใชในลกษณะทเปนการจดจำแนกประเภทโบราณวตถ แตไมควรนำไปผกตดกบการอธบายพฒนาการทางสงคม ตวอยางทจะนำมาอภปรายในบทความนกคอ ขอมลโบราณคดสมยกอนประวตศาสตรจากภาคตะวนตกของประเทศไทย โดยจะสะทอนใหเหนวาการกำหนดอายแหลงดวยระบบสามยคทำใหเกดความลกลนอยางไร จากการเปนภมภาคทไมพบยคสำรด ‘แท’ ทำใหกลายเปนวาลำดบทางวฒนธรรมของภมภาคไมมความตอเนอง หลกฐานประเภทเครองมอหนพบมากมายในภาคตะวนตก ในขณะทวตถประเภทสำรดและเหลกพบเพยงบางแหลงเทานน แหลงโบราณคดในภมภาคนทกำหนดอายทางวทยาศาสตรเกาแกกวา 500 ปกอนครสตกาลมจำนวนนอยมาก ซงอาจจะเปนเหตผลหรอไมกตามททำใหภาคตะวนตกของไทยไมคอยถกกลาวถงในการศกษาพฒนาการเศรษฐกจ-สงคมภาคพนทวปเอเชยตะวนออกเฉยงใต ในการอภปรายประเดนดงกลาวน ผเขยนไดหยบยกขอมลวาดวยพฒนาการของวธวทยาทางโบราณคดแล","PeriodicalId":17409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Saudi Pharmaceutical Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76097926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental History of an Early Spanish Settlement in the Visayas, Philippines: Excavations in the Parian District of Cebu City | Kasaysayang Pangkalikupan sa usa ka Karaang Puluy-anan Katsila sa Kabisay-an, Pilipinas: Mga Nakubkoban sa Distritong Parian, Lungsod sa Sugbu","authors":"J. Peterson, Archie Tiauzon, M. Horrocks, M. Kottermair","doi":"10.26721/spafajournal.v4i0.637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26721/spafajournal.v4i0.637","url":null,"abstract":"The Jesuit House was built in 1730 on land reclaimed from the Tinago Marsh at the edge of the early Spanish settlement of Cebu City, Philippines, two centuries after it was first encountered by the Spanish explorer Magellan. As the city expanded from its core areas ca. 1565 around Fort San Pedro, Plaza Independencia, and the sites of Santo Nino Church and the Cebu Cathedral, waterways were drained and filled, and canals were dredged to extend the urban Spanish grid. Archaeological excavations at the Jesuit House and in the nearby Casa Gorordo Annex project document these changes in the urban landscape. Soil profiles throughout the downtown coastal plain in conjunction with chronostratigraphic data from the excavations demonstrate its submergence during the late Holocene high sea still-stand, followed by dissection by local drainages and the Guadalupe River. Relict channels and distinct interfluvial terraces are observed showing a migrating series of channels along the shoreline as well as a distinct escarpment at the back of the plain that marked the limits of marine intrusion during the high still-stand. Visayans and Spanish settlers selected higher ground for settlement in the interfluves and modified lowland areas such as the marshlands one of which became the Parian District of urban Cebu. Archaeological investigations at the Jesuit House and the Casa Gorordo Annex document the environmental history as well as the transition from native to colonial lifeways at the edge of Empire. Ang Balay Hesuita natukod niadtong tuig 1730 pinaagi sa pagtambak og yuta sa Katunggan sa Tinago diha sa ngilit sa nag-unang nahimutangan sa mga Katsila sa Sugbu, Pilipinas, mga duha ka gatusan ka tuig human kini nakaplagan sa Katsilang manunuhid nga si Magallanes. Sa dihang nilapad ang lungsod, gibana-bana 1565, nga naglangkob sa Kotang San Pedro, Hawan Independencia, ug mga luna sa Simbahang Santo Nino ug Katedral sa Sugbu, ang mga katunggan gipahubas ug gitambaka’g yuta, ug ang mga kanal gihawas-asan aron sa pagpalugway sa gilapdon sa lungsuranong Katsila. Makita kining mga kausaban sa lungsod pinaagi sa mga nakubkuban sa mga arkeyologo sa Balay Hesuita ug sa Sumpay sa Balay Gorordo nga duol niini. Ang mga takilirang hulagway’ng yuta sa tibuok kabaybayunang patag sa maong lungsod, tali sa datos nga kronostratigrapiko nga nakuha pinaagi sa mga arkeyolohikong pangubkob nagapakita sa pagkalubog niini kaniadto sa kinatas-ang naabtan sa dagat sa panahon sa Holosino, gisundan kini sa pagtabas-tabas pinaagi sa mga gagmay’ng sapa ug sa Subang Guadalupe. Makita sa mga karaang giagian sa katubigan ug tataw’ng mga hinagdanan ang nagsunod-sunod nga mga agianan sa tubig subay sa baybayon ug ang mga tataw nga tagaytay sa likod sa patag nga maoy nagpaila kung asa taman niabot ang kadagatan sa panahon sa kintas-ang gihunungan niini kaniadto. Gipili sa mga lumolupyo nga Bisaya ug Katsila ang hataas nga mga lugar para ila kining puy-an taliwala sa mga dagayday ug ilang giusab ang m","PeriodicalId":17409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Saudi Pharmaceutical Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76292481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the Parinirvāṇa Scene in Buddhist Murals of Myanmar | မြန်ြာနှိိုင်ငံရှှိ ဗိုဒ္ဓဝင်နံရံဆ ေးဆရေးပန်ေးခ ျီြ ာေးြှ ပရှိနှိဗဗာန်စံခန်ေးကှိို နှိှိုင်ေးယှဉ်မခင်ေး","authors":"Aye Aye Oo","doi":"10.26721/spafajournal.v4i0.626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26721/spafajournal.v4i0.626","url":null,"abstract":"From the beginning of the Bagan period (11th century CE), Buddha’s Parinirvāṇa Scene has been depicted on wall paintings in religious buildings and hollow vaulted temples at various places of middle Myanmar. It is found that wall paintings based on the Maha Parinirvāṇa Sutta vary in layout and size from period to period with Buddhist literature: just as single-scenes and small or large wall paintings were depicted during the Bagan period so also were depictions of multiple scenes made in the late Konbaung Period. Further additions were introduced in depictions of Buddha’s Parinirvāṇa in the late Bagan Period. When studying the Buddha’s Parinirvāṇa scene on wall paintings, the depicting styles and colour changed from period to period. Depending on the colour, the periods can be interpreted definitely. Wall paintings depicting the Parinirvāṇa Sutta at temples located in Bagan and middle Myanmar regions are compared among themselves to show differences and similarities. Accounts of the purported events surrounding the Buddha's own Parinirvāṇa are found in a wide range of Buddhist countries of South East Asia. This paper concludes that the hypothesis is viable, with comparisons with the wall paintings depicting Buddha’s Parinirvāṇa Scene in Myanmar and how the style changed and transformed. မြနြာနငငအလယပငေးဆနရာအနအမပာေးတင ပဂဆခတအဆစာပငေးကာလ(၁၁ရာစ)ြစ၍ ဗဒဓ၏ပရနဗဗာနစခနေးက ဘာသာ ဆရေး ငရာ အဆ ာကအဦေးအြ ြေးြ ြေးနင ဂဘရာေးဝတမပြဆက ာငေးြ ာေး၏နရြ ာေးတင သရပဆ ာဆရေး ခကကသည။ ြဟာပရ နဗဗာနသတတက အဆမခခဆသာ နရဆ ေးဆရေးပနေးခ ျြ ာေး၏ အခငေးအက ငေး၊ အရယအစာေးြ ာေးသည ဆခတကာလအလက ကမပာေး မခာေးန ေးြရပပျေး ပဂဆခတကာလက ဇာတကကတစကကကသာ အရယအစာေးအာေးမ င ကကျေးသညမ စဆစ၊ ငယသညမ စဆစ နရဆ ေးဆရေးပနေးခ ျတင သရပဆ ာဆရေး ဆလရပပျေး ကနေးဆဘာငဆခတဆန ငေးပငေးကာလတင ဇာတကကတစကကထက ပြ ဆရေး လာသညက ဆတေရရပါသည။ ဗဒဓ၏ပရနဗဗာနမပြပဇာတကကအာေး သရပဆ ာဆရေး ရာတင ပဂဆခတဆန ငေးပငေးကာ လ၌ ထပြထညသငေးြြ ာေးက မပြလပလာကကသည။ နရဆ ေးဆရေးပနေးခ ျြ ဗဒဓ၏ပရနဗဗာနဇာတကကအာေးဆလလာသညအခါ သရပဆ ာဆရေး ြပစြ ာေးနင ဆ ေးဆရာငမခယသြြ ာေးြာ ဆခတကာလအလက ဆမပာငေးလလာကကသည။ ဆ ေးဆရာငမခယသ ြအဆပေါြတည၍ ဆခတကာလက အတအက ဆ ာမပနငသည။ ပဂနငမြနြာနငငအလယပငေးြ ဘာသာဆရေးအဆ ာကအဦေး ြ ာေးနင ဂဘရာေးဝတမပြဆက ာငေးြ ာေးတငရဆသာ နရဆ ေးဆရေးပနေးခ ျြ ာေး၌ ပရနဗဗာနသတတအာေး သရပဆ ာဆရေး ပြ ာေးအကကာေး ကမပာေးမခာေးန ေးြ၊ တညျြတအာေး မပသနငရနနငေးယဉဆလလာထာေးပါသည။ အဆရေဆတာငအာရြ ဗဒဓဘာသာဝငနငငြ ာေးအ ကကာေး ဗဒဓ၏ပရနဗဗာနစခနေးနငစပလ ဉေးသညဆ ာမပခ ကြ ာေးက က ယမပနစာဆတေရရဆပသည။ ယခစာတြေးသည အဆရေ ဆတာငအာရနငငြ ာေးြ နရဆ ေးဆရေးပနေးခ ျြ ာေးတင သရပဆ ာဆရေး ထာေးဆသာ ပရနဗဗာနစခနေးနငထငေးနငငတြသရပဆ ာ ပြ ာေးက နငေးယဉဆလလာြြ ာေး မပြလပနငသညဟဆသာ အယအ က ဆကာကခ ကခ ထာေးပါသည။","PeriodicalId":17409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Saudi Pharmaceutical Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78515796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Archaeology in the classroom: A perspective from Kiangan, Ifugao, Philippines | Arkiyoloji sa silid-aralan: Isang pananaw mula sa Kiangan, Ifugao","authors":"Jennifer Humiwat Dulnuan, Charmaine P. Ledesma","doi":"10.26721/spafajournal.v4i0.613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26721/spafajournal.v4i0.613","url":null,"abstract":"How can archaeology enhance public knowledge of local history in a community? This paper explored this question in an elementary-level social studies class in the town of Kiangan, Ifugao, Philippines, where archaeological excavations took place between 2012 and 2017. The authors present an example of the process of integrating archaeology in the classroom. As a form of public archaeology, “archaeology education” in this project utilized archaeological and Place-Based Learning concepts to develop archaeology modules that complemented classroom learning. This paper recounts the pilot project by providing details of the process of designing and developing the modules, the assessment, and the final product. Paano mapapahusay ng arkiyoloji ang pangkalahatang kaalaman ng lokal na kasaysayan sa isang pamayanan? Sinayasat ang tanong na ito sa isang pang-elementaryang antas ng Araling Panlipunan sa bayan ng Kiangan, Ifugao, kung saan naganap ang isang arkeolojikal na paghuhukay (taon 2012-2017). Ipapakita ng mga may-akda ang isang halimbawa ng proseso sa paglakip ng arkiyoloji sa pagtuturo ng Araling Panlipunan. Bilang isang uri ng “public archaeology” o pangkalahatang arkiyoloji, ang “archaeology education” na proyektong ito ay gumamit ng mga konseptong arkeolojikal at “Place-based Learning” para mabuo ang mga arkeolojikal na modyul na makakatulong sa pagturo ng Araling Panlipunan. Isasalaysay din ng papel ang proyekto sa pamamagitan ng pagbibigay ng detalyeng proseso ng pagdidisenyo at pagkakabuo ng mga arkiyolojikal na modyul, ang mga obserbasyon, at ang pangwakas na resulta ng proyekto.","PeriodicalId":17409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Saudi Pharmaceutical Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82819097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Raising heritage consciousness in Pinagbayanan, San Juan, Batangas, Philippines | Ang pagtaguyod ng kaalaman tungkol sa pamanang lahi sa bayan ng San Juan, Batangas","authors":"Andrea Natasha Kintanar, Grace Barretto-Tesoro","doi":"10.26721/spafajournal.v4i0.612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26721/spafajournal.v4i0.612","url":null,"abstract":"Tuklas Pilipinas is a non-profit group whose mission is to promote heritage literacy in the Philippines. Tuklas developed a module for the general public to increase heritage consciousness about archaeological excavations in Philippine municipalities. The module incorporates concepts from Personal Interpretation (a method used for Heritage Interpretation) as well as activity-based lessons and lectures. Workshop participants: 1) gain additional knowledge about their local history; 2) connect the archaeology of their town to the archaeology of the region and nation; and 3) connect this with heritage protection. The purpose is to encourage locals to create their own programs for site tourism and protection. This module was first created and presented in 2018 in San Juan, Batangas, where Barretto-Tesoro spearheaded excavations of two stone-based houses and the old church complex in the old centre of San Juan from 2009 to 2012. By merging ideas from other disciplines such as Heritage Interpretation and Education, Tuklas produced an effective module that they hope to appropriately modify and use in other Philippine municipalities. The following discussion considers how the module was developed, its implementation, preliminary results and impacts, and challenges encountered in archaeological heritage advocacy. Ang Tuklas Pilipinas ay isang non-government organisation o NGO na ang misyon ay ipalaganap ang pamanang lahi ng Pilipinas. Sa pamamagitan ng pagbuo ng modyul na maaaring gamitin ng karamihan sa isang workshop, lalo na ng mga tao na hindi archaeologists o akademiko, sinisikap ng Tuklas na maiangat ang kaalaman sa pamanang lahi ng isang lugar o bayan na may kaugnayan sa mga sistematikong paghuhukay o ‘archaeological excavations’. Ang modyul ay nakatuon sa paggamit ng konsepto ng ‘personal na interpretasyon’. Ito ay isang paraan para magbigay ng liwanag sa pag-unawa ng pamanang lahi. Kasama din sa modyul ang mga lektyur at mga leksyon na tinatawag na ‘activity-based’. Ang uri ng leksyon na ito ay tinatampok ang pagkilos at paggalaw ng mga kalahok at hindi nakatuon sa pagsulat at pagsasalita lamang. Ang mga kasali sa workshop ay magkakaroon ng kaalaman tungkol sa kasaysayan sa bayan nila, pag-aralan ang arkiyolohiya ng bayan kung saan sila nakatira at ang kaugnayan nito sa arkiyolohiya ng rehiyon at bansa; at ang pinakamahalaga ay ang maiugnay ang arkiyolohiya sa pangangalaga ng pamanang lahi. Ang layunin ng workshop ay hikayatin ang mga mamamayan na magbuo ng sarili nilang mga programa para sa pangangalaga ng archaeological site at upang payabungin ang turismo sa kanilang lugar. Ang modyul ay unang nilikha at ginamit noong 2018 sa San Juan, Batangas, kung saan si Barretto-Tesoro ay pinangunahan ang paghukay ng dalawang bahay na bato at ang lumang simbahan sa Pinagbayanan mula 2009 hanggang 2012. Sa pamamagitan ng pagsasama ng mga ideya mula sa iba pang disiplina tulad ng ‘Heritage Interpretation’ at Edukasyon, binuo ng Tuklas ang isang modyul na ina","PeriodicalId":17409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Saudi Pharmaceutical Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88098807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foreword: Issues and Creative Strategies in Archaeological Heritage Conservation, Education, and Management","authors":"K. Tantuico, Kate Lim","doi":"10.26721/spafajournal.v4i0.629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26721/spafajournal.v4i0.629","url":null,"abstract":"This publication is a compilation of papers presented at the panel discussion of the same title at the 21st Congress of the Indo-Pacific Prehistoric Association at the Huong Giang Hotel in Hue, Vietnam on September 24, 2018. It is inspired by the Editors’ advocacy of instilling archaeological awareness and heritage literacy to communities in which archaeological sites are situated.","PeriodicalId":17409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Saudi Pharmaceutical Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79131131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The House, The Rice and The Buffalo: Cosmological Perceptions in the indigenous Architecture of Southeast Asia","authors":"Brian Auersbach","doi":"10.26721/SPAFAJOURNAL.V2I0.586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26721/SPAFAJOURNAL.V2I0.586","url":null,"abstract":"This short article reviews the comprehensive field of study about vernacular architecture in Southeast Asia and the meaning behind these buildings. Cosmological perceptions and animistic beliefs are widespread in Southeast Asia, especially among the numerous tribes in its maritime region of Austronesia. This paper focuses on the connection between indigenous architecture and the cosmological relevance for the inhabitants. Therefore, similar architectural features in Southeast Asia will be elaborated and associated with these consistent cosmological perceptions. Finally, the example of the Toraja people and their story of creation shall illustrate this complex topic.","PeriodicalId":17409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Saudi Pharmaceutical Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90786095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Dialogues in Inao by King Rama V: A New Presentation of Inao as a Thai Court Drama to Audiences in 1882","authors":"C. Ruengruglikit","doi":"10.26721/SPAFAJOURNAL.V2I0.581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26721/SPAFAJOURNAL.V2I0.581","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies King Rama V’s The Dialogues in Inao and its form of rhyming prose dialogues. It is the first written dialogue for performing the story of Inao as a Thai court drama and the first humorous script of dialogues in Thai court drama. The study focuses on revealing the new details added to The Dialogues in Inao by King Rama V in order to attract audiences in his reign and exploring the new presentation of King Rama V’s Inao as a Thai court drama in 1882 as well. The Dialogues in Inao is composed to be used together with King Rama II’s Inao for the story’s performance as a court drama, to entertain the audiences with humour. The Dialogues in Inao includes only one-third of the Inao story in its entirety. The content is similar to that of Inao by King Rama II except for some details added by King Rama V to provide more entertainment. The Dialogues in Inao have two major characteristics: following the content of Inao by King Rama II, and adding new details to the story of Inao. Three roles of The Dialogues in Inao are found: first, to rephrase the content in Inao by King Rama II into prose dialogues for easy comprehension; second, to add humorous content; and third, to add modern aspects to the story of Inao. This article is the revised version of the article entitled “The Dialogues in Inao by King Rama V: A New Presentation of Thai Court Performance of Inao in 1882” presented during the Seminar and Performances of a Shared Heritage: The Panji/Inao Traditions in Southeast Asia organised by the SEAMEO Regional Centre for Archaeology and Fine Arts on 2-3 March 2013 at Bangkok Chada Hotel, Thailand. This paper was presented for the panel “The Panji/Inao Traditions in Thailand”.","PeriodicalId":17409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Saudi Pharmaceutical Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74590777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}