Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision最新文献

{"title":"Optical dispersion in twisted anisotropic materials.","authors":"Stree Vithya Arumugam, Chandroth P Jisha, Alessandro Alberucci, Stefan Nolte","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.555188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.555188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We theoretically investigate optical dispersion in twisted anisotropic materials, that is, when the optic axis undergoes a periodic modulation along the propagation axis while staying normal in the propagation direction. In the case of transversely homogeneous geometries, we show that both group velocity and group velocity dispersion can be largely tuned both in magnitude and sign by changing the medium anisotropy, the maximum rotation angle, the modulation period, and the input polarization. In doing that, we demonstrate to our knowledge a new type of optical spin-Hall effect occurring in the temporal domain. Our results introduce a new way to control the temporal profile of ultrashort pulses, automatically encompassing a structured polarization in time.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"42 6","pages":"725-734"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automatic detection of vertex defects in low-light-level image intensifiers based on spectral maximum points histogram statistics and analysis of multifilament boundary distribution patterns.","authors":"Luzi Wang, Yuan Xu, Ting Cao","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.553372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.553372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vertex defect is a defect introduced during the physicochemical treatment phase of the microchannel plate in low-light-level (LLL) image intensifiers. It will affect the imaging quality of the product when the contrast exceeds a certain range, so it should be detected in time before delivery. Traditional detection techniques for this defect are divided into visual inspection and objective detection. High degree of uncertainty is the main drawback of the subjective method, while the existing objective detection technology has limitations in terms of detection coverage. To address the above problems, an automatic detection method for vertex defects based on spectral maximum points histogram statistics and analysis of multifilament boundary distribution patterns is proposed. First, a spatial bandpass filter is adopted to enhance visible defects in the effective area. After performing image binarization and connected component analysis, the regions corresponding to visible defects are extracted, and the processed image is generated. Then, a sliding window of equal multifilament size is utilized to scan the effective area of the processed image globally. By performing histogram statistics on the local maximum point coordinates of the spectrogram, defective image blocks can be identified using the maximum weight bin of the histogram. Subsequently, defective image blocks are restored to the processed image to obtain dense areas of vertex defects. Finally, the distribution pattern of the multifilament boundary is mathematically analyzed and defined as two constraints that can determine the effective line segment composed of vertex defects. To substantiate the performance of this method, multiple products are put into the experiment and relevant defect detection techniques are used for comparison. The experimental results indicate that our method has better detection performance than relevant objective detection methods, and can generate results consistent with the visual inspection method, while maintaining applicability to changes in image brightness, clarity, contrast, background noise, and uniformity within a certain range.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"42 6","pages":"808-818"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compact formulation of the transparent-absorbing isotropic interface electromagnetic problem: erratum.","authors":"Salvador Bosch, Josep Ferré-Borrull, Jordi Sancho-Parramon, Oriol Arteaga","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.566059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.566059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present erratum is intended to correct some typos in our paper [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A39, 1774 (2022)JOAOD60740-323210.1364/JOSAA.466318].</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"42 6","pages":"772"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlocal optical vortices of any order in spontaneous parametric down-conversion.","authors":"Austin Puckett, Greg Gbur","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.562335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.562335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We theoretically demonstrate a method for generating and detecting nonlocal optical vortices of any order produced through spontaneous parametric down-conversion. These vortices arise in a nonlocal coordinate system consisting of a single coordinate from each photon. It is shown that independent vortices can be imposed on different sets of nonlocal coordinates.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"42 6","pages":"819-823"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asymmetric Cauchy-Riemann beams.","authors":"N Korneev, I Ramos-Prieto, I Julián-Macías, U Ruíz, F Soto-Eguibar, D Sánchez-de-la-Llave, H M Moya-Cessa","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.559800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.559800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigate, theoretically and experimentally, the evolution of a paraxial beam propagating in free space when its initial transverse structure is characterized by an asymmetric Gaussian modulation combined with an entire function. Utilizing a quantum optics operator approach, our study specifically examines the effects of parameter variations within the Gaussian modulation on two entire functions: the complex-valued Bessel function and the Airy function. Through this investigation, we aim to elucidate how these parameter variations influence the beam's propagation dynamics and the role played by the asymmetry of the Gaussian modulation in the propagation of such paraxial beams. Additionally, we derive an integral representation of the propagated field that enables efficient numerical computation of these optical fields. As a representative example, we numerically propagate the complex-valued Hermite polynomial. The method requires only that the input field modulation be an entire function and provides exact solutions to the paraxial wave equation with a reduced computational cost compared to standard approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"42 6","pages":"710-718"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polarization-dependent statistical models of sea clutter.","authors":"Guoding Zhang, Zuishuang Luo, Ying Wang, Steen G Hanson, Wei Wang","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.558534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.558534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The statistical analysis of electromagnetic scattering is crucial for understanding sea clutter due to various influencing factors such as weather conditions and wave activity, making research in this area particularly challenging. To address this, multiple statistical models have been developed, as no single model can fully meet the requirements for accurate analysis. These models are used to characterize and calculate sea clutter. While traditional models are based on fully polarized electromagnetic waves, which are inherently vectorial, the complex nature of the sea surface means that actual electromagnetic scattering cannot be completely polarized. Therefore, more realistic models should adopt a vector approach. This paper employs the Rayleigh distribution, the K-distribution, the log-normal distribution, and the Weibull distribution to examine the polarization statistical characteristics of sea clutter models. We investigate the probability density functions of the Stokes parameters and analyze the evolution of each model in relation to its respective shape parameters. This research deepens and enhances the understanding of sea clutter properties in the relevant parts of the electromagnetic regime.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"42 6","pages":"754-762"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-spectral underwater lidar evaluation based on semi-analytical Monte Carlo methods.","authors":"Ziyao Wang, Yulin Yang, Xue Shen, Wei Kong, Genghua Huang, Rong Shu","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.560962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.560962","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Underwater multi-spectral lidar based on supercontinuum laser sources, leveraging multi-spectral illumination for enhanced seawater optical profiling and target detection, remains underexplored despite these sources' transformative potential in marine sensing. In this research, we present a semi-analytical Monte Carlo simulation (MC) framework based on bio-optical models to investigate its performance in complex aquatic environments. The simulator reconstructs seawater inherent optical properties (IOPs) via configurable parameters to analyze spectral signal characteristics. Numerical experiments evaluating 400-800 nm bands in different ecosystems provide the following results. (1) The sensitivity of laser wavelength to phytoplankton exhibits pronounced variations. A strong positive correlation is observed between the lidar attenuation coefficient (<i>k</i>_{<i>l</i><i>i</i><i>d</i><i>a</i><i>r</i>}) and the chlorophyll concentration (Chl), with R values reaching 0.9934 at 400 nm and 0.9783 at 600 nm. In particular, this correlation declines sharply to -0.01 at 800 nm, indicating a wavelength-dependent decoupling of optical attenuation from phytoplankton biomass in near-infrared regimes. (2) The use of a supercontinuum laser for underwater target detection can effectively distinguish the spectral characteristics of the target object and realize the identification of the target species during lidar detection. This work establishes a computational foundation for next-generation marine multi-spectral lidar development, providing critical insights into subsurface radiation physics while demonstrating supercontinuum lidar's dual capability in simultaneous water column characterization and benthic target identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"42 6","pages":"824-833"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual cues for moisture perception of facial skin: a pilot study on the effects of enhancing high-spatial-frequency components of skin lightness to decrease perceived moisture levels in young Asian observers.","authors":"Yuya Hasegawa, Hideki Tamura, Tama Kanematsu, Yuzuka Yamada, Yohei Ishiguro, Shigeki Nakauchi, Tetsuto Minami","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.536898","DOIUrl":"10.1364/JOSAA.536898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Facial skin texture provides crucial visual cues that reflect an individual's impressions and health conditions. In this study, we focused on the visual attribute of \"moisture\" and investigated which visual cues influenced skin moisture perception. The stimuli consisted of images from three facial areas (the whole face, cheek, and eyebrow areas) with and without makeup under two camera angles. The participants rated the presented stimuli on three visual attributes (moisture, glossiness, and attractiveness) via a five-point scale. The results from Experiment 1 revealed correlations between the ratings and histogram statistics of each channel in the CIELAB color space, with variations depending on the conditions and facial regions. A negative correlation was observed between cheek moisture perception and the variance in the <i>L</i> ^∗ channel. We subsequently obtained similar ratings by enhancing the high-spatial-frequency components of skin lightness for simulated skin conditions (Experiment 2) and for images depicting different skin conditions resulting from variations in post-cleansing skincare or base makeup (Experiment 3). These experiments confirmed that perceived moisture and attractiveness decreased, whereas perceived glossiness increased; these findings were correlated with images that were simulated via image processing to reduce the perceived moisture level. These findings indicated that the high-spatial-frequency components of skin lightness could be visual cues for determining the decrease in perceived moisture level.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"42 5","pages":"B23-B33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal color sets to represent the colors of natural scenes by k-medoids clustering.","authors":"José A R Monteiro, Dora N Marques, João M M Linhares, Sérgio M C Nascimento","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.539089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.539089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Munsell and Natural Color Systems, as well as the World Color Survey, are standard sets of colors used in many practical and scientific applications. However, the colors of natural scenes exhibit a bias in color and do not have a uniform distribution, making it difficult for these sets to represent natural colors accurately. We derived sets of colors with a small number of samples that are better at representing natural colors than any of these standard sets. Hyperspectral images of natural scenes and a k-medoids clustering algorithm were used to derive representative colors. For the same number of samples, the set of colors obtained by k-medoids is better at representing natural colors than the standard sets. These optimized sets are important for applications that require precise representation of natural colors.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"42 5","pages":"B50-B55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of strategic cone weighting from efficient coding of spatiochromatic natural images.","authors":"Alexander Belsten, Bruno A Olshausen","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.545141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.545141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We develop an efficient coding model to address how a population of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) can optimally combine signals from the retinal cone mosaic to maximize information transfer through the optic nerve. The model takes into account the redundancies inherent in color natural images and predicts how they should be reduced in order to make the best use of channel capacity in the optic nerve, given metabolic constraints, wiring constraints, and input and channel noise. RGCs are modeled as a set of linear-nonlinear neurons whose instantaneous firing rate is computed via a weighted sum of cone responses from a simulated L- and M-cone mosaic, followed by a rectifying nonlinearity. When adapted to a set of calibrated color natural images so as to maximize mutual information between the retinal image and RGC outputs, the learned weights exhibit a circularly symmetric, center-surround structure, and the population of RGCs tile visual space via ON- and OFF-mosaics, in line with previous studies that use only luminance variations in natural scenes. Over a range of cone-to-neuron ratios, the model RGCs strategically weight cones of a particular spectral type to construct a stronger form of L-M cone-opponency than would be obtained with purely random sampling, implying that such a specific arrangement increases information transfer through the optic nerve. Additionally, we find that the degree of cone-type-specific adaptation varies with the amount of noise in the cone activations, with less noise leading to more specific adaptation. The results of this study point to the benefits of strategic cone weighting for maximizing information transfer for spatiochromatic natural scenes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"42 5","pages":"B495-B502"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}