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Diagnosis and Management of Constipation: A Narrative Literature Review 便秘的诊断与治疗:叙述性文献综述
Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine Pub Date : 2023-04-18 DOI: 10.59345/sjim.v1i1.19
Muhammad Ridwan
{"title":"Diagnosis and Management of Constipation: A Narrative Literature Review","authors":"Muhammad Ridwan","doi":"10.59345/sjim.v1i1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59345/sjim.v1i1.19","url":null,"abstract":"Constipation can occur as a primary or secondary condition. This literature review aimed to describe the diagnosis and management of constipation. Primary constipation is generally classified into three categories. Normal transit (functional) constipation involves a normal rate of passage of stool, but there is difficulty with the evacuation of the stool. Functional constipation is most common and is associated with a sedentary lifestyle, a low-residue diet (consumption of very refined foods), or low fluid intake, which decreases stool volume and bulk and can lead to constipation. Lack of access to toilet facilities, consistent suppression of the urge to empty the bowels, and dehydration are other causes. Slow transit constipation involves impaired motor activity of the colon with infrequent bowel movements, straining to have a bowel movement, mild abdominal distention, and palpable stool in the sigmoid colon. Pelvic floor dysfunction (pelvic floor dyssynergia-anismus), or outlet dysfunction, is difficulty passing stool due to failure of the pelvic floor muscles or anal sphincter to relax with a bowel movement.","PeriodicalId":173604,"journal":{"name":"Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115986593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Overview of the Cardiac Conduction System: A Narrative Literature Review 心脏传导系统综述:叙述性文献综述
Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine Pub Date : 2023-04-18 DOI: 10.59345/sjim.v1i1.18
R. Hidayat
{"title":"Overview of the Cardiac Conduction System: A Narrative Literature Review","authors":"R. Hidayat","doi":"10.59345/sjim.v1i1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59345/sjim.v1i1.18","url":null,"abstract":"The conduction system of the cardiac initiates and coordinates the electrical signals that cause rhythmic and synchronous contraction of the atria and ventricles. This literature review aims to describe the electrophysiology of the cardiac conduction system. Electrical impulses usually arise in the sinoatrial (SA) node. The SA node is innervated by sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. Each action potential moves rapidly from cell to cell and through the myocardium of the atria, onto the atrioventricular node (AV node), and causes both atria to contract and begin systole. The AV node, located on the right atrial wall superior to the tricuspid valve and anterior to the coronary sinus ostium, conducts action potentials into the ventricles. From the AV node, the conducting fibers converge to form the bundle of His (atrioventricular bundle) within the posterior border of the interventricular septum.","PeriodicalId":173604,"journal":{"name":"Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127068443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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