{"title":"SYSTEM APPROACH TO STUDYING THE TECHNOLOGY OF PUMPKIN SEEDS POST-HARVEST TREATMENT","authors":"O. Tsurkan","doi":"10.37128/2520-6168-2021-4-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2021-4-16","url":null,"abstract":"The main technical task of agricultural production in the field of seed production is to obtain conditional seeds that meet national and international quality standards. One of the important stages of growing agricultural seeds is their post-harvest processing, which includes the drying process, which is the main and one of the most effective methods for storing and processing agricultural raw materials.\u0000\u0000It is possible to increase the efficiency of the technology of post-harvest treatment of pumpkin seeds by determining the possibilities of using a systematic approach to solving the problems of implementing measures and means, identifying the mechanism of functioning and developing its effectiveness. Modeling and systems analysis are the main research methods and agricultural technology systems. Systems analysis is widely used in the study of various branches of agricultural production.\u0000\u0000The article discusses the main features of the components of the technology of post-harvest treatment of pumpkin seeds, forming a certain hierarchical system: technology - technological process - technological operation. The input factors of the pumpkin seed drying system will be such indicators as the supply of the input material, its moisture content, the parameters of the drying agent, and the quality indicators of the input material. A structural diagram of pumpkin seed production has been developed and the target function of the system in matrix form and an algorithm for the implementation of the target function of the pumpkin seed production system have been selected. The matrix of the objective function and the algorithm for its implementation can be used to analyze the pumpkin seed production system as a whole at the level of an individual enterprise, and by individual elements to find bottlenecks in this technology.","PeriodicalId":173336,"journal":{"name":"ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134262123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MATHEMATICAL JUSTIFICATION OF STABILITY OF STEERING BRIDGE OF WHEELED TRACTOR","authors":"I. Gunko","doi":"10.37128/2520-6168-2021-4-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2021-4-1","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the influence of wheel oscillation and the micro-profile of the road surface on the stability of the wheel tractor axle movement. The reasons for the oscillations of the steered wheels, the design diagram of the controlled axle of the tractor and the sequence for determining the oscillation frequency of the axle of the tractor are presented. The reasons for the oscillation of the steered wheels are collisions with bumps, imbalance of the wheels and a double connection with the tractor frame through the steering system and the fastening of the steering axle beam.\u0000The most common functions for describing road irregularities that affect the movement of a tractor are the mathematical expectation and the average value of the ordinates of the micro-profile, the variance or standard deviation of the ordinates, the correlation function characterizing the relationship of various implementations of the micro-profile functions along the length of the road section and spectral density.\u0000Oscillations of the steered wheels have a side effect on the stability of the tractor, which leads to oscillations of the steered axle due to the presence of an additional degree of freedom (turning around the pivot) in comparison with uncontrolled ones. In addition, the steered wheels are interconnected by a steering linkage, which is damped due to clearances.\u0000Oscillations of the wheels can also occur due to the fact that the radial (normal) stiffness of the tires around the circumference is not the same. When such a tire rolls, the wheel begins to oscillate in a vertical plane. Such oscillations, performed due to changes in the parameters of the oscillatory system, are called parametric. Self-oscillations of the steered wheels cause significant dynamic loads on the steering parts, intense tire wear and lead to a loss of tractor controllability and driving stability. One of the main reasons for the occurrence of oscillations of the steered wheels is the presence of a gyroscopic relationship between the angular oscillations of the beam of the steered bridge in the transverse plane and the rotation of the wheels of this bridge relative to the pins.\u0000The article also discusses the physical essence of the processes occurring during self-oscillations of the tractor's controlled wheels.","PeriodicalId":173336,"journal":{"name":"ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122372572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"RECOVERY OF WASTE OINTMENTS BY ULTRAFILTRATION METHOD","authors":"Y. Melnyk, A. Melnyk","doi":"10.37128/2520-6168-2021-4-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2021-4-9","url":null,"abstract":"Ultrafiltration devices are currently being developed and manufactured around the world, and productivity varies greatly from 1 to 300,000 m/day. In practice, ultrafiltration parameters are used and performed in batch, semi-periodic and continuous modes. Continuous and semi-periodic modes are mainly used for large volumes of liquids. In the case of a small volume, the batch mode prefers the continuous mode - the area of the membrane is smaller and it is easier to clean. The deposition of spent grease is based on the fact that mechanical impurities and water are in a suspended state and settle over time.\u0000When selecting the process of restoring the quality of the lubricant to the required level, first use a mechanical cleaning method to remove free water and hard dirt.\u0000\u0000In practice, rough cleaning of the lubricant is carried out using filter elements made of metal mesh with a filtration fineness of 60 ... 80 μm. A complex filter element made of non-woven materials is used for fine cleaning. Type of oil filter \"FMN\" (cleaning accuracy 15 ... 20 microns). However, these filters cannot provide a degree of purification of the spent lubricant, as the latter contains a large amount of carbon contaminants, preferably with a particle size of less than 5 μm.\u0000In the process of ultrafiltration of oil, the initial stream is separated and concentrated. Varnish, resin and other small contaminants are retained by the superporous layer on the surface and are continuously washed away by a tangential flow of purified oil. Only cleaned grease can pass through the membrane. This allows for a long filtration process without replacing the membrane filter element. The ultrafiltration process is performed at a pressure of 0.3-1 MPa and a flow rate of 2-5 m/s, using membranes with a size of 0.1-0.005 μm.","PeriodicalId":173336,"journal":{"name":"ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129538938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"USE OF DIGITALIZATION MEANS IN THE FORMATION OF THE MICROCLIMATE OF ANIMAL PREMISES","authors":"O. Trukhanska","doi":"10.37128/2520-6168-2021-4-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2021-4-15","url":null,"abstract":"The study of information systems and technologies, specialized software products aimed at solving the problems of animal husbandry management and determining the prospects for their use by specialists is relevant.\u0000The main factor determining the life of animals is the environment. One of the ways to intensify livestock (pigs, cattle, poultry, etc.) is a comprehensive automation of labor-intensive technological processes, including the formation of the microclimate of livestock facilities, which would have a positive impact on animal health, productivity and product quality. However, animals are also affected by certain methods and methods of feeding, man-made content, zonal climate, heat-shielding properties of enclosing structures, air exchange rate, ventilation efficiency, sewage condition, manure removal and removal methods, lighting.\u0000The impact of microclimate on animals consists of a set of environmental factors: temperature, humidity, air velocity, chemical composition, microbial and dust pollution, lighting, etc. The main parameter of the air environment is temperature. This has the greatest impact on animal health and productivity. The hygienic value of temperature is that it affects the thermoregulation of the body, which is divided into the processes of chemical thermoregulation - the reaction of heat generation and the processes of physical thermoregulation - the regulation of heat transfer.\u0000The study of the technology of improving the efficiency of microclimate regulation in livestock premises based on the use of an automated control system is promising.\u0000Thus, changing the composition and properties of the environment, you can affect the body of animals, achieving high productivity.","PeriodicalId":173336,"journal":{"name":"ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123988519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"REMOVAL OF TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC INDICATORS OF THE D-240 ENGINE WHEN USING BIOFUELS BY APPLYING THE DIESEL-RK SOFTWARE COMPLEX","authors":"Serhii Burlaka, O. Tokarchuk","doi":"10.37128/2520-6168-2021-4-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2021-4-3","url":null,"abstract":"Ukraine is one of the energy-deficient countries because it covers its needs in fuel and energy resources from domestic reserves by only 53% (imports 75% of the required natural gas and 85% of crude oil and petroleum products). Dependence on oil imports is seen by most developed countries as a matter of national and energy security, and the use of petroleum products as energy sources poses a significant environmental risk.\u0000According to the analysis of the state of the world engine industry, the most effective measures to improve the design of the engine are: development and implementation of a new workflow with effective methods of mixing and combustion; development and creation of the design of the system of automatic regulation of diesel rotation. frequency to improve fuel economy And to reduce toxicity in partial load mode, some cylinders are switched off at idle.\u0000To strengthen the requirements for fuel consumption standards and the level of toxicity of exhaust gases, as well as to increase the reliability and efficiency of agricultural power engines, it is necessary to formulate measures to improve its design.\u0000The choice of a fuel should be determined by the optimal combination of environmental and economic performance of the engine. Prospects for the use of a particular fuel of plant origin are noted. If for fuels of petroleum origin the improvement of its properties is determined by special processing, then oils with the set characteristics can be received already in \"field\" by selection of the corresponding grades of plants, use of fertilizers, agronomic actions, etc.\u0000The problem of reducing the consumption of diesel fuel at idle and low load can be solved by excluding from its operation part of the cylinders (this method is widely used) and closing the cycle of one cylinder.\u0000A comparative analysis of the main technical and environmental performance of the D-240 diesel engine when working on traditional and alternative fuels using the computer program Diesel-RK.","PeriodicalId":173336,"journal":{"name":"ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128862479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF A VIBRATING MIXER WITH A FREEZERY PENDULUM MECHANISM","authors":"O. Tsurkan, Yurii Polievoda, Dmytro Prysyazhniuk","doi":"10.37128/2520-6168-2021-3-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2021-3-14","url":null,"abstract":"An extensive review of vibrating mixers, identified their advantages and disadvantages. The application of the action of low-frequency oscillations on the process of mixing bulk inhomogeneous products is substantiated. All considered schemes of vibrating mixers, as well as designs in which mixing devices are driven by vibration-pulse transducers (in which the energy of the main or master system is used to create the technological motion of the driven system) can be attributed to energy-saving technological equipment. \u0000The article describes the design, the principle of operation of the developed vibrating mixer with a double pendulum freewheel mechanism for driving the agitator blades in rotational motion. The calculation scheme and laws of motion of this system in the form of Lagrange equations of the second kind (mathematical model) are presented.\u0000Using the obtained 2nd order multiple regression equations, recommendations were determined regarding the main parameters of the operating mode of the studied vibration mixing process.\u0000Analyzing the results of vibration mixing of bulk inhomogeneous raw materials, we can say that the most influential factors in determining the natural oscillation frequency of the system pendulum, which is one of the main objectives of our study is spring stiffness, spring attachment distance from axis of rotation, rotation angles, pendulum weight, length and the moment of inertia. \u0000The paper proves that among various forms of mechanical action on dispersed systems in technological processes vibration action occupies an important place as one of the most effective means to create the necessary dynamic state of dispersed systems.","PeriodicalId":173336,"journal":{"name":"ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127009889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DIAGNOSIS OF FUEL EQUIPMENT OF DIESEL ENGINE BY REMOVING VYBRO INDICATORS OF FUEL SUPPLY","authors":"S. Burlaka, S. Kravets","doi":"10.37128/2520-6168-2021-3-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2021-3-13","url":null,"abstract":"Modern cars are increasingly equipped with control and diagnostic equipment. These methods are used to optimize the working process in the engine, improve traffic safety and simplify operation and maintenance.\u0000You can adjust the chip to your liking, adjust the \"performance\" of the engine, because comfortable driving conditions give us a lot of pleasure.\u0000The current control of technical conditions is carried out by the onboard system of self-diagnostics, which is an integral part of the controller. Problems that occur are signaled visually and stored in electronic memory. The full list of actual settings of codes of self-diagnostics and parameters of working process is carried out on HUNDRED with automobile indicators of brand. The problem is determined only by connecting a tester or scanner to a special diagnostic connector available in the car.\u0000However, there are often complaints about objective and comprehensive examinations.\u0000Misdiagnosis of \"standards\" with obvious signs of external problems is often given for many reasons. First of all, the use of information is limited electrical signals. In fact, the state of the circuit of sensors and actuators of engine automation is determined. Degradation of complex structures is usually based on the \"domino principle\": one local problem leads to another, another to a third, etc., which leads to the complete failure of the whole device. Problems with electricity may not be the cause but the consequences of other problems, including non-electrical causes. For example, the \"ringing\" of the piston fingers may indicate early inflammation and wear of the relevant components. The instability of the spark discharge in the spark plug may be the result of decompression of the working volume of the cylinder or improper preparation of the working mixture. The problem of the intake manifold or contamination of the fuel injector is usually recognized by the self-diagnostic system as a fault of the lambda detector. The list of such ambiguities can be expanded. When it is necessary to \"restore\" the accident of \"decent age\", branded diagnostic equipment may be useless.","PeriodicalId":173336,"journal":{"name":"ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123926051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CURRENT STATE OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENTS IN THE FIELD OF IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF VIBRATION EQUIPMENT AND TECHNOLOGIES","authors":"I. Tverdokhlib, O. Omelyanov","doi":"10.37128/2520-6168-2021-3-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2021-3-9","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the state of scientific and technical developments in the field of improving the efficiency of vibration technology. Production activity in most branches of industrial production is provided by the work of various technological machines and vehicles. The operation of machines, equipment, mechanisms, apparatus and devices in the conditions of the need to ensure high productivity is often accompanied by significant dynamic loads, vibration processes and manifestations of shock interactions of machine elements. Ensuring the reliability and safety of machines requires at all stages of their life cycle serious attention to compliance with certain restrictions on the parameters of the dynamic state of technical objects, the development of methods and means of assessing control and management of dynamic interactions. Modern mechanical engineering is a scientific basis for solving the main problems of machine dynamics, which, in general, is based on scientific potential created by domestic and foreign scientists in the field of theoretical and applied mechanics, theory of mechanisms, dynamics and strength of machines, development of scientific directions in automatic control theory. applied system synthesis, etc. The results of scientific research are reflected in the works of famous scientists.\u0000The formed practice of pre-design researches of the created machines, the equipment and the equipment is based on wide use of means of mathematical modeling, application of means of computer engineering. The choice of equipment in production is based on cost, productivity, size, energy consumption, etc.\u0000In this regard, there is a question of the need to find and develop new approaches, methods and means to ensure the efficiency and reliability of technological machines and equipment.","PeriodicalId":173336,"journal":{"name":"ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC","volume":"13 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131766699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PHYSICO-MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF VENTILATION SYSTEM\u0000FORCING OF CLEAN AIR IN LIVESTOCK PREMISES","authors":"Grigorii Kaletnіk, V. Yaropud","doi":"10.37128/2520-6168-2021-3-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2021-3-1","url":null,"abstract":"The microclimate of livestock facilities is determined by a range of factors, including physical parameters: humidity, atmospheric pressure, light, temperature, speed and direction of air movement. Air quality plays an important role - the concentration of harmful gases and microorganisms, dust. The parameters of the microclimate affect not only the productivity of animals, but also their health. In order not to harm the health of the animal and achieve the desired performance, these parameters must be adjusted with special equipment. The purpose of research is to substantiate the design and technological parameters of the ventilation system for the injection of clean air in livestock premises to ensure uniformity of its distribution. The article presents the results of research to substantiate the design and technological parameters of the ventilation system for the injection of clean air in pig farms to ensure uniformity of its distribution. As a result of analytical studies of the parameters of the slit of the nozzle for air injection from the condition of uniform air distribution, an approximate equation for its width δ'y depending on the y-axis location for different effective diameters of the nozzle d'H. For the system of injection of clean air the condition according to which at opening of all discharge valves it is necessary to provide uniformity of distribution of air by system of injection is set. For this purpose the central air duct for air injection should have a wedge-shaped form of length L' with constant height b', with initial width a'N and final a'1. As a result of theoretical researches dependences of a lateral angle of a wedge θ the central air duct of system of injection of pure air and its width on the end a1' on distance between adjacent sections L'0, width of the central air duct on its beginning aN' and quantity of branch pipes for injection N' are established. As a result of analytical studies of pressure losses of the ventilation system of pure air injection of the pigsty, the dependences of changes in pressure losses Δp2 and power NW2 required for pumping air through it on the width of the central air duct aN, air flow through the system qk, length between system pipes L0 and their number N.","PeriodicalId":173336,"journal":{"name":"ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116608323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}