Papers on Anthropology最新文献

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A study of body measurements of sporty and not sporty persons living in Pärnu county Pärnu县运动与非运动人群的身体测量研究
Papers on Anthropology Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.12697/POA.2020.29.2.08
Kandela Õun, Kaisa Kirikal
{"title":"A study of body measurements of sporty and not sporty persons living in Pärnu county","authors":"Kandela Õun, Kaisa Kirikal","doi":"10.12697/POA.2020.29.2.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12697/POA.2020.29.2.08","url":null,"abstract":"In 2019, a study was conducted on athletic activity among the inhabitants of Pärnu County. 1446 respondents aged 15–87 years participated in the study. The respondents were divided into two groups according to their athletic activity – respondents who are at least lightly active (named as SPORTY, n = 1244) and respondents with no sport activity (NOT SPORTY, n = 202). 41% of respondents had been engaged in physical activity for 10 years or more. A “not sporty” respondent is a person with a slight tendency to overweight, rather not satisfied with his/her health but quite satisfied with his/ her life and is short of time to work out but would like to engage in cycling, swimming or hiking. The “sporty” person’s body mass index is normal, and he/she has been engaged in sports for at least 10 years to achieve better physical fitness or well-being. He/she enjoys walking, cycling, or running. Women prefer group training; men prefer to train in the gym on their own. Respondents with more than five years of regular physical activity work out every week somewhat longer than others and, on average, a few hours more per week in summertime than in autumn and spring. Sporty respondents tend to be taller and of medium weight.","PeriodicalId":173079,"journal":{"name":"Papers on Anthropology","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116579480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High mountain community in a changing climate: a study of agropastoral adaptation in mustang district, Nepal 气候变化下的高山群落:尼泊尔野马区农牧适应研究
Papers on Anthropology Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.12697/POA.2020.29.2.05
Prakash Upadhyay
{"title":"High mountain community in a changing climate: a study of agropastoral adaptation in mustang district, Nepal","authors":"Prakash Upadhyay","doi":"10.12697/POA.2020.29.2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12697/POA.2020.29.2.05","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the changing climate, its impact, and the diversified practices of agropastoral adaption by a mountain community of Nepal. The findings reveal that there is an unswerving link between the changes in climate and their impact on the community and its adaptation options. The vulnerability and risk induced by the climate change has threatened the agropastoral subsistence, the sociocultural and economic structure, and the food sovereignty of the Loba community of Mustang district of Nepal and made them experience unanticipated complications in livelihood. In a changing climate, the community has attuned and restructured its adaptive strategy with diversified practices of collective labour in a traditional agropastoral system of landholding, mystical connectivity and seasonal relocation as an adaptive response ensuring the shared sustenance of the com munity. The challenge of climate change began long ago; it will persevere and be long- lasting. Hence, this paper argues for the need for a prudent adoption of measures to maintain an environmentally suitable agropastoral system of liveli hood well-being. Beyond enhancing community capacity and climate resilience, it is necessary to streamline and readjust indigenous sociocultural institutions by expanding their adaptive capacity, while recognizing the cultural dimensions grounded in systems of meanings and relationships and the way people and their culture experience and respond to exceptional climatic changes.","PeriodicalId":173079,"journal":{"name":"Papers on Anthropology","volume":"156 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115990483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Estimation of optimal obesity cut-offs among Tripuri and Halam women of Tripura, Northeast India 印度东北部特里普拉邦特里普尔和哈莱姆妇女的最佳肥胖临界值估计
Papers on Anthropology Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.12697/POA.2020.29.2.07
Rima Chaudhuri, P. Das, P. Sarkar, D. Chatterjee, A. Bandyopadhyay
{"title":"Estimation of optimal obesity cut-offs among Tripuri and Halam women of Tripura, Northeast India","authors":"Rima Chaudhuri, P. Das, P. Sarkar, D. Chatterjee, A. Bandyopadhyay","doi":"10.12697/POA.2020.29.2.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12697/POA.2020.29.2.07","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity is one of the risk assessments for various non-communicable diseases (NCDs), while anthropometric measurements are one of the measures of obesity, which has been demonstrated as a time-tested important technique for risk assessment of NCDs. Due to variation of anthropometric measurements, it seems difficult to classify obesity using world cut-offs in different population groups. \u0000The objective of the present study is to discern the population-specific obesity cut-offs and the best obesity predictor among two indigenous ethnic groups (Tripuri and Halam women) of Tripura, North East India. \u0000The subjects of the present study were 88 Tripuri and 98 Halam adult women whose anthropometric measurements were obtained by using standard techniques. The area under curve (AUC) and Youden index (YI) were used to evaluate the performance of each anthropometric adiposity indicator as well as optimal obesity cut-offs. \u0000The age and waist-hip ratio (WHR) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in Tripuris compared to Halams. However, no significant (p > 0.05) differences were observed in obesity categorized by body mass index (BMI) using the WHO 2004 cut-off between the populations. Waist stature ratio (WSR) (AUC = 0.959) and waist circumference (WC) (AUC = 0.804) were better obesity predictors for Halams and Tripuris respectively. The present study envisaged the optimal cut-off points, which were 84.95 cm for WC, 96.45 cm for hip circumference (HC), 29.95% for the percentage of body fat (PBF), 0.89 for WHR, 0.57 for WSR and 1.27 for conicity index (CI) in Halams, while for the Tripuris, the optimal cut-off points were 89.6 cm for WC, 97.5 cm for HC, 33.1% for PBF, 0.95 for WHR, 0.55 for WSR and 1.02 for CI. \u0000In conclusion, the present study indicated the optimal anthropometric cut-offs which could be the redefined the parameters for assessment of obesity in Halam and Tripuri women.","PeriodicalId":173079,"journal":{"name":"Papers on Anthropology","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114442652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On the suitability of the distance between the tip of the nose and the middle of the elbow joint for sneezing etiquette as corona infection prophylaxis 论鼻尖与肘关节中间距离作为预防冠状病毒感染的打喷嚏礼仪的适宜性
Papers on Anthropology Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.12697/POA.2020.29.2.04
C. Raschka, L. Heer, H. Koch
{"title":"On the suitability of the distance between the tip of the nose and the middle of the elbow joint for sneezing etiquette as corona infection prophylaxis","authors":"C. Raschka, L. Heer, H. Koch","doi":"10.12697/POA.2020.29.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12697/POA.2020.29.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"During the current corona pandemic, the question to which extent people could reach the middle of the elbow joint with the tip of their nose, which the Federal Ministry of Health recommended as a preventive measure when sneezing, was investigated with the help of an online questionnaire. \u0000The analysis included 316 fully completed online questionnaires and 16 additional telephone interviews, a total of 332 test persons (average age 29.5 (± 14.3) years, average BMI 22.9 (± 3.4) kg/m²; 226 women, 106 men). \u0000The results of this study show that 84.6% of respondents followed the recommended coughing etiquette and sneezed into the crook of their arm, 15.4% did not. The most common reason given for not using it was habit. Nevertheless, 92.8% of the participants found sneezing or coughing in the crook of their arm to be useful. \u0000When measuring the distance, 76.2% of the participants were able to touch the crook of the arm at the specific angle on both sides. The average measured distance was 1.13 cm on the right and 1.23 cm on the left. It was found that the BMI and age had a significant relationship with the measured distance. In a gender-specific comparison, more women than men sneezed into the crook of their arm, while no significant differences were found when measuring the distance. \u0000If the results of this study are put into practice, it makes perfect sense to continue to recommend sneezing or coughing in the crook of the arm. However, a note should be attached to this recommendation, which prompts one to take the sneeze position once and to check whether the crook of the arm can really be reached effectively. If this is not possible, alternative options should be recommended.","PeriodicalId":173079,"journal":{"name":"Papers on Anthropology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128920306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Factors affecting facial development and formation of cleft lip and palate: a literature review 影响面部发育和唇腭裂形成的因素:文献综述
Papers on Anthropology Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.12697/POA.2020.29.2.02
Mārtiņš Vaivads, Evija Balode, M. Pilmane
{"title":"Factors affecting facial development and formation of cleft lip and palate: a literature review","authors":"Mārtiņš Vaivads, Evija Balode, M. Pilmane","doi":"10.12697/POA.2020.29.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12697/POA.2020.29.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"The craniofacial region forms in a complicated developmental process regulated by multiple genes and growth factors. Disruption and dysregulation during facial development can lead to multiple congenital facial anomalies including cleft lip and palate. This literature review collects and analyses the existing information about the interaction of multiple growth factors and genes within the developing facial region and their association with facial pathology. The factors analysed in this review are DLX4, FOXE1, HOXB3, MSX2, PAX7, PAX9, RYK, SHH, SOX3, WNT3A, WNT9B and BARX1.","PeriodicalId":173079,"journal":{"name":"Papers on Anthropology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131161571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Characterization of morphology in healthy, traumatized and aged knee meniscus of different species: A pilot study 不同种类的健康、创伤和老年膝关节半月板形态学特征:一项初步研究
Papers on Anthropology Pub Date : 2019-06-17 DOI: 10.12697/POA.2019.28.1.08
Marija Podlesnaja, M. Pilmane, Modris Ciems
{"title":"Characterization of morphology in healthy, traumatized and aged knee meniscus of different species: A pilot study","authors":"Marija Podlesnaja, M. Pilmane, Modris Ciems","doi":"10.12697/POA.2019.28.1.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12697/POA.2019.28.1.08","url":null,"abstract":"Meniscus is a fibrocartilaginous anatomical structure that realizes complicated biomechanical functions in the knee joint. However, no comparative morphology studies have been done on different species and conditions regarding the meniscus. Thus, the aim of our pilot study was to compare the morphology of traumatized and aged human and healthy deer meniscus to reveal the tissue ground, growth, degeneration, cell death and inflammation factors. \u0000The study included surgery materials from one deer and two humans. Biotin-streptavidin immunohistochemistry was performed for detection of tissue TGFβ1, MMP2, MMP9, collagen I, caspase, Il-1, Il-6, Il-10. The results were evaluated semiquantitatively. An abundant number of Collagen I positive cells were detected in the disordered human meniscus but not in the deer one. TGFβ1 was seen in numerous to abundant number of cells in all the three cases. MMPs and caspase were distributed with numerous to abundant cells in both human and deer meniscus. Numerous to abundant cells of traumatized and aged human menisci showed IL-1 and IL-6, while the deer meniscus demonstrated cytokine expression in a moderate number of cells only in limited zones. The traumatized human meniscus possessed an abundant number of IL-10 positive cells, while the deer and the aged human meniscus showed mainly a moderate number of IL-10 cells with some elevation of cytokine in superficial and deepest layers of the meniscus.","PeriodicalId":173079,"journal":{"name":"Papers on Anthropology","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117041244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Disasters and the elderly: The Turkey case 灾难与老年人:土耳其的案例
Papers on Anthropology Pub Date : 2019-06-17 DOI: 10.12697/POA.2019.28.1.03
T. Gültekin, Nehir Varol
{"title":"Disasters and the elderly: The Turkey case","authors":"T. Gültekin, Nehir Varol","doi":"10.12697/POA.2019.28.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12697/POA.2019.28.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"From the past to the present, people have been exposed to very different kinds of disasters, and it is evident that women, children, the elderly and the disabled are the groups most affected by disasters. As elderly people differ according to their socio-economic, health and psychological status, they can be undefended and vulnerable to many emergencies. Protection of these disadvantaged/vulnerable people from disaster risks, raising their awareness and taking measures for these groups in disaster plans are highly important. The aim of this study is to find what should be done to secure their life and livelihood. Therefore, based on secondary research, this study analyses their current situation, challenges they face during and after disasters. Within the scope of this aim, this study is focused on gaining experience from natural disasters that occurred in Turkey in the past and people’s reaction to these disasters, especially their effects on the elderly.","PeriodicalId":173079,"journal":{"name":"Papers on Anthropology","volume":"44 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115241360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Individual proficiency of reception by the Estonian men’s national team at the qualification tournament of the European Championship 爱沙尼亚男子国家队在欧洲杯预选赛中的个人接球水平
Papers on Anthropology Pub Date : 2019-06-17 DOI: 10.12697/POA.2019.28.1.09
R. Stamm, M. Stamm, Jarek Tigane, Reeda Tuula
{"title":"Individual proficiency of reception by the Estonian men’s national team at the qualification tournament of the European Championship","authors":"R. Stamm, M. Stamm, Jarek Tigane, Reeda Tuula","doi":"10.12697/POA.2019.28.1.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12697/POA.2019.28.1.09","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to analyse players’ individual proficiency at serve reception and its influence on the following attack in the Estonian national team during the qualification for the European Championship in 2016. \u0000The subjects were the players of Estonian national volleyball team during the qualification for the European Championship in 2016. To collect data, video recordings of eight games of the Estonian national team were viewed; the number serve receptions, type and zone of reception and proficiency were registered. In addition, the number of attacks following serve reception, their zone, performer and proficiency were recorded. \u0000The results revealed that success at the reception of serve influences the proficiency of attack. At more successful reception, the proficiency of attack was higher than at poorer reception. \u0000As a result of the study, it was shown that serve reception by the Estonian team was more proficient in sets won than in sets lost. In the case of more successful reception, the Estonian national volleyball team was more proficient at attack than in the case of less proficient reception. When types of reception were compared, the receivers of the Estonian national team were most proficient at reception from above. The receivers of the Estonian national received the serve best in zone 5.","PeriodicalId":173079,"journal":{"name":"Papers on Anthropology","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128547379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Body height as a social signal 身高是一种社交信号
Papers on Anthropology Pub Date : 2019-06-17 DOI: 10.12697/POA.2019.28.1.04
M. Hermanussen, C. Scheffler
{"title":"Body height as a social signal","authors":"M. Hermanussen, C. Scheffler","doi":"10.12697/POA.2019.28.1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12697/POA.2019.28.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"Body height has a signaling function among social mammals. Humans also perceive physical size as a signal and tend to associate stature and status. Taller men are perceived as more competent and authoritative. Studies in wild Kalahari male meerkats (Suricata suricatta) suggest that dominance itself can be a stimulus for growth allowing for competitive growth and strategic growth adjustments. Assuming that similar mechanisms on the control of growth are also relevant for humans, our understanding of the shortness of many Third World populations has to be revised. Short stature may no longer be exclusively understood as an expression of poverty, chronic malnutrition and poor health but as an expression of persistent feelings of inferiority and patronization in the face of the global spread and dominance of Western life and moral codes.","PeriodicalId":173079,"journal":{"name":"Papers on Anthropology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121078186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Study on anthropometric measurements of school-aged boys in Pärnu city Pärnu市学龄男孩人体测量研究
Papers on Anthropology Pub Date : 2019-06-17 DOI: 10.12697/POA.2019.28.1.07
Kandela Õun, Handreas Hallimäe, Evert Saarnak, Sirje Miglai
{"title":"Study on anthropometric measurements of school-aged boys in Pärnu city","authors":"Kandela Õun, Handreas Hallimäe, Evert Saarnak, Sirje Miglai","doi":"10.12697/POA.2019.28.1.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12697/POA.2019.28.1.07","url":null,"abstract":"In 2018, a study on boys’ anthropometry was conducted in Pärnu Koidula Gymnasium (referred to as PKG) as a school research project. 214 highschool boys, aged 17–19 years, participated in the study. The young men of PKG have thicker but shorter legs than the boys measured by Juhan Aul 1932–1940. Compared to the norms developed in 2017 by Kaarma et al. [6], the 17-year-old boys of PKG are on average 3 cm taller and 5.1 kg heavier, the 18-year-old boys do not differ so much from the standards. The 17-yearolds’ trunk index mean value has a statistically significantly lower value compared to the 18-year-olds (mean difference –0.897, p=0.031). The somatotypes classification analysis showed that the number of 17-year-old boys in the LARGE class is three times higher compared to the 2017 norms. The number of 18-year-olds in pycnomorfs 3 (P3) class is twice as much as the number of boys reported in the norms. Some anthropometrical indexes are more related to the SD classifications than others are. Compared to earlier measurements, the current results reported similar acceleration as other researchers had.","PeriodicalId":173079,"journal":{"name":"Papers on Anthropology","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131866583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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