Paul R. Zimmerman, John M. Yun, Christopher T. Taylor
{"title":"Edgeworth Price Cycles in Gasoline: Evidence from the U.S.","authors":"Paul R. Zimmerman, John M. Yun, Christopher T. Taylor","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1630419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1630419","url":null,"abstract":"Studies of gasoline prices in multiple countries have found a repeated sequence of asymmetric cycles where a sharp price increase is followed by gradual decreases. This price pattern is linked to Maskin & Tirole’s (1988) theoretical duopoly pricing game that produces a similar pattern, Edgeworth price cycles. We examine data on average daily city-level retail gasoline and diesel prices for 355 cities in the U.S. from 2001-2007 using multiple methods to identify price cycles. We show that a relatively small number of U.S. cities concentrated in a number of contiguous upper Midwestern states evidence Edgeworth cycle-like pricing behavior. Within our data set cities tend to either cycle in all years or they do not cycle at all. We examine prices in cycling and non-cycling cites controlling for other factors and find consumers are no worse off, and likely better off, on average, in cycling than non-cycling cities. Finally, unlike previous studies, we find that some vertically integrated (branded) retail gasoline stations are themselves potentially important drivers of the scale and scope of cycling in retail gasoline prices. REVISED: May 2011","PeriodicalId":172652,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Market Structure (Topic)","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123322604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exposure to FDI and New Plant Survival: Evidence in Canada","authors":"Yanling Wang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1611850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1611850","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the effects of FDI on indigenous new plants' survival, through intra- and inter-industry economic linkages. It includes all manufacturing plants born to indigenous firms from 1973 to 1997 in Canada. The study finds that indigenous plants tend to have shorter lives (more deaths) due to competition with FDI affiliates operating in the same industry, but they benefit from FDI affiliates operating both in downstream industries as customers and in upstream industries as suppliers. The positive inter-industry effects of FDI outweigh the negative intra-industry effects, resulting in a net positive impact of FDI on the durations of indigeneous plants.","PeriodicalId":172652,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Market Structure (Topic)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126680328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Efficacy of Regulation Fair Disclosure","authors":"C. Gadarowski, P. Sinha","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.877207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.877207","url":null,"abstract":"An informational advantage enjoyed by select few around material announcements was the concern raised by SEC in passing Regulation Fair Disclosure. To date, no large study has examined this question. We document stock price movements in the direction of the news two days prior to the announcements in pre Reg. FD period. After Reg. FD, pre-announcement abnormal return as a percentage of total return has decreased by 26.1% (21.4%) for large firms with good (bad) news. These findings support both the premise and the intended purpose of the regulation for large firms. Our tests failed to detect any such support for small firms.","PeriodicalId":172652,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Market Structure (Topic)","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123049649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The ACCC’S Caltex-Mobil Decision: A Network View","authors":"H. Bloch, N. Wills-Johnson","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1558767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1558767","url":null,"abstract":"On December 2nd 2009, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) announced its intention to oppose the acquisition of Mobil’s retail assets by Caltex, based in part on an assessment of adverse competition effects in some local markets. Their assessment was based upon the proportion of sites within each local market that would become controlled by Caltex post-merger. This paper suggests an alternative method for analysing competitive effects, which formalises local market structure into a network and assesses the position of each outlet in that network.","PeriodicalId":172652,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Market Structure (Topic)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132003773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prediction Accuracy of Different Market Structures - Bookmakers Versus a Betting Exchange","authors":"E. Franck, E. Verbeek, Stephan Nüesch","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1503350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1503350","url":null,"abstract":"There is a well-established literature on separately testing the prediction power of different betting market settings. This paper provides an inter-market comparison of the forecasting accuracy between bookmakers and a major betting exchange. Employing a dataset covering all football matches played in the major leagues of the “Big Five” (England, France, Germany, Italy, Spain) during three seasons (5478 games in total), we find evidence that the betting exchange provides more accurate predictions of the same underlying event than bookmakers. A simple betting strategy of selecting bets for which bookmakers offer lower probabilities (higher odds) than the bet exchange generates above average and, in some cases, even positive returns.","PeriodicalId":172652,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Market Structure (Topic)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130421562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Market Constitution Analysis: A New Framework Applied to Solar Power Technology Markets","authors":"Guido Möllering","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1456833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1456833","url":null,"abstract":"This paper outlines an integrative framework for the analysis of market constitution and explores its application to solar power technology markets. These markets are currently still in the making and, therefore, particularly suited to studying constitutive processes and the elements that play a role in them. In applying the framework to the constitution of solar power technology markets in Germany from the mid-1990s, the paper focuses on three examples of how constitutive mechanisms that trigger and drive market constitution processes and shape the constitutive elements of markets operate in distinct but interrelated ways: exploitation of technical inventions, business diversification, and political entrepreneurship. The analysis shows the role of market actors in 'making' a market at the same time as these actors evidently become 'marketized' by adopting market logic. Markets cannot be taken for granted in the field of solar power technologies or, rather, their actual taken-for-grantedness is one measure of the degree to which their constitution has been achieved.","PeriodicalId":172652,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Market Structure (Topic)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121164040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of Three Marketing Concepts For Restaurant Industries (A Case Study for Thai Restaurants in the United States)","authors":"Azharsyah Ibrahim","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2027155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2027155","url":null,"abstract":"The restaurant industry is the largest private-sector business in the United States. The sales of the industry are projected to be $558 billion by the end of 2008. It is said to be equal to 4% of the U.S. gross domestic product. As one of the players in the industry, the Thai Restaurant have increased the number of the restaurants that are operated in the U.S, but the rapid change in restaurant market could endanger this business in the future if the restaurant is not able to adjust with current market needs. In order to be able to make the adjustment, there are three concepts that the Thai Restaurant should analyze. First, is knowing the change in Americans’ eating trends, followed by conducting a market analysis, and thirdly, applying marketing mix model. These concepts will allow the Thai Restaurant to compete with other restaurants to obtain the American market.","PeriodicalId":172652,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Market Structure (Topic)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129519515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Home Improvements and Appreciation Rates Reflected in the OFHEO House Price Index","authors":"A. Leventis","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.992922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.992922","url":null,"abstract":"The repeat-transactions model that is used in the construction of OFHEO’s house price index (HPI) does not perfectly control for changes in the average condition of the housing stock. If the value of home improvements is not exactly offset by the effects of home depreciation, the HPI could reflect more or less appreciation than would be reported in a true “constant quality” index. This paper attempts to measure the annual amount of “quality drift” embedded within the index.","PeriodicalId":172652,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Market Structure (Topic)","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123070050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bank Efficiency and Market Structure: What Determines Banking Spreads in Armenia?","authors":"Era Dabla‐Norris, Holger Floerkemeier","doi":"10.5089/9781451866988.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451866988.001","url":null,"abstract":"Despite far-reaching banking sector reforms and a prolonged period of macroeconomic stability and strong economic growth, financial intermediation in Armenia has lagged behind other transition countries, and interest rate spreads have remained higher than in most Central and Eastern European transition countries. This paper examines the determinants of interest rate spreads and margins in Armenia using a bank-level panel dataset for the period 2002 to 2006. We find that bank-specific factors, such as bank size, liquidity, and market power, as well as the market structure within which banks operate, explain a large proportion of crossbank, cross-time variation in spreads and margins. The results suggest that there is a large potential to increase cost efficiency and competition in the banking system.","PeriodicalId":172652,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Market Structure (Topic)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123868783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spill-Overs from Good Jobs","authors":"P. Beaudry, D. Green, Benjamin M. Sand","doi":"10.3386/w13006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w13006","url":null,"abstract":"Does attracting or losing jobs in high paying sectors have important spill-over effects on wages in other sectors? The answer to this question is central to a proper assessment of many trade and industrial policies. In this paper, we explore this question by examining how predictable changes in industrial composition in favor of high paying sectors affect wage determination at the industry-city level. In particular, we use US Census data over the years 1970 to 2000 to quantify the relationship between changes in industry-specific city-level wages and changes in industrial composition. Our finding is that the spill-over (i.e., general equilibrium) effects associated with changes in the fraction of jobs in high paying sectors are very substantial and persistent. Our point estimates indicate that the total effect on average wages of a change in industrial composition that favors high paying sectors is about 3.5 times greater than that obtained from a commonly used composition-adjustment approach which neglects general equilibrium effects. We interpret our results as being most likely driven by a variant of the mechanism recently emphasized in the heterogenous firm literature whereby changes in competitive pressure cause a reallocation of employment toward the most efficient firms.","PeriodicalId":172652,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Market Structure (Topic)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126972117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}