Journal of the chemical society of pakistan最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Selected Metal Chlorides on the Micellization Parameters of Cetrimonium Bromide at Different Temperatures","authors":"Sumbal Saeed Sumbal Saeed, Arif Hussain Arif Hussain, M. F. N. M Faizan Nazar, Hameed Ullah Hameed Ullah, Afzal Shah Afzal Shah, Syed Sakhawat Shah and Asad Muhammad Khan Syed Sakhawat Shah and Asad Muhammad Khan","doi":"10.52568/001125/jcsp/44.05.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52568/001125/jcsp/44.05.2022","url":null,"abstract":"The pre-modification of surfactant counterions using transition metal salts provides a means to activate the interface using corresponding properties of metal ions. In this work, a cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was modified by pre-mixing metal chlorides (FeCl3, CuCl2 and ZnCl2) and CTAB in 1:1 molar ratio using methanol as solvent. As a result, FeCl3, CuCl2 and ZnCl2 were added as [FeCl3Br]-1, [CuCl2Br]-1 and [ZnCl2Br]-1 respectively acting as counter anions (CAs) instead of bromide anion. Hence CTAB was called CTAF, CTAC and CTAZ in order of added CAs i.e., [FeCl3Br]-1, [CuCl2Br]-1 and [ZnCl2Br]-1 respectively. The effect of these metal chlorides on the micellar behaviour of CTAB was investigated using conductivities of their different solutions. Furthermore, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) as well as the degree of counterion binding were considered at 25.0, 30.0, 35.0, 40.0 and 45.0 and#176;C 0.1 and#176;C. The analysis of results revealed that incorporation of metal cations reduces the CMC values in the order CTAF CTAZ CTAC CTAB. Change in entropy (S), enthalpy (H) and free energy (G) were calculated to understand the thermodynamics of micellization under the circumstances. The aim of this study is to improve the understanding regarding the presence of transition metals in micellization process as well as the possibility of their interactions with Bromide counterions and possibility of the formation of complex counter-anions.","PeriodicalId":17253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the chemical society of pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70707186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yield Optimization for One Pot Synthesis of Cu, Mn based Metalloporphyrin","authors":"Saad Nadeem Saad Nadeem, Fahim Uddin Fahim Uddin, Maizatul Shima Shaharun Maizatul Shima Shaharun, Mohamed Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib Mohamed Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib","doi":"10.52568/001119/jcsp/44.05.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52568/001119/jcsp/44.05.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Cu and Mn based tetraphenyl porphyrin namely CuTPP and MnTPP were synthesized through a one pot route with a modified procedure and the reaction conditions (Temperature and time) were optimized based on the energy consumption during the synthesis of the target macrocyclic ligands. The temperature (145oC and 160oC) and time (3, 4, 8 hr) were used to study the effect on the product yield. The optimized values obtained using MATLAB routines are 3.7 hr and 145oC.","PeriodicalId":17253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the chemical society of pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70707469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Mechanism of Fisetin and Hesperitin","authors":"Mengmeng Yu Mengmeng Yu, Zhongbo Liu Zhongbo Liu, Liang Jin and Guizhao Liang Liang Jin and Guizhao Liang","doi":"10.52568/000977/jcsp/44.01.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52568/000977/jcsp/44.01.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Fisetin and hesperitin are two common flavonoids in plant medicines. In this paper, the mechanism of xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibition was systematically studied by combining experimental and theoretical methods. The HPLC results suggested that the XO inhibitory activity of fisetin (IC50, 0.140 mM) was superior to that of hesperitin (IC50, 0.635 mM). The spectrofluorimetry results showed flavonoids could induce the static fluorescence quenching of XO, indicating that they played the inhibitory activity by forming the complexes with XO. We showed the paramount force of fisetin and XO was hydrophobic; in the complex of hesperidin and XO, hydrogen bonding and van der Waals force were crucial forces. We used Autodock software for molecular docking. The results suggested that both fisetin and hesperitin entered the active pocket of XO, and the complexes were maintained by hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction, which coincided with the experimental results.","PeriodicalId":17253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the chemical society of pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70706176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetics and Mechanisms of Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Some N-(4-Substitutedaryl) Succinimide Compounds","authors":"Seyhan Ozturk Seyhan Ozturk, Shahin Shahabi Shahin Shahabi, Halil Kutuk Halil Kutuk","doi":"10.52568/000998/jcsp/44.02.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52568/000998/jcsp/44.02.2022","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the mechanism of acid catalyzed hydrolysis of N-(4-substitutedaryl) succinimides in different acids was investigated. These acids are hydrochloric acid, perchloric acid and sulfuric acid, which were studied at 50.0and#177;0.1and#176;C. Analyses of the results obtained with the entropy of activation, Excess Acidity treatment and substituent effect are consistent across the entire acid studied by an A-2 mechanism. The catalytic order of strong acids for the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of the compounds studied were as HCl andgt; H2SO4 andgt; HClO4 in the whole range of acidity. This order is characteristics for an A–2 mechanism.","PeriodicalId":17253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the chemical society of pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70706940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of MoS2/graphite/C3N4 Ternary Photocatalytic System Through Communicating Electron","authors":"Ting Cheng Ting Cheng, Chen Chen Chen Chen, Lei Wang Lei Wang, Weifang Xie Weifang Xie, Dianyi Wu Dianyi Wu, Xiao Zhang Xiao Zhang, Zhiyi Zhou and Xiaoqin Zhang Zhiyi Zhou and Xiaoqin Zhang","doi":"10.52568/001124/jcsp/44.05.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52568/001124/jcsp/44.05.2022","url":null,"abstract":"A MoS2/graphite/C3N4 ternary photocatalytic material (MGC catalyst) was successfully synthesized, characterized, and applied to the photodegradation of Methylene Blue (MB). In addition, the photocatalytic mechanism of MGC was illustrated through modern characterization technology and density functional theory (DFT) computation. The findings of characterization (XRD, SEM-EDX, UV-Vis, XPS) confirmed that MGC was a composite photocatalyst of C3N4-graphite-MoS2 ternary structure, and displayed excellent visible light absorption performance. MGC photocatalyst exhibited the highest degradation efficiencies of MB than that of C3N4 and MoS2 catalyst, and it effectively improved the removal of pollutant. Also, the first-order reaction model suitably described the photocatalytic reaction process. The recycling experiments proved that MGC catalyst possessed remarkable photocatalytic stability in the degradation activities of MB, and the morphology maintained stable after three times of reusing. The ternary composite structure of MGC was conducive to the generation and transfer of the photo-generated electrons and photo-generated holes. Besides, MGC photocatalyst obtained the lowest photoluminescence spectrum intensity, which might decrease the combination probability of photo-induced electrons and holes. Electron spin resonance (ESR) analysis verified that the active radicals of •OH and •O2- measured in photocatalytic reaction probably played an essential part in the degradation of MB. Furthermore, through calculating the band structure, density of states (DOS), and work function, it was illustrated that the two opposite potential barriers forming between graphite, MoS2 and C3N interface effectively accelerated the division of photo-induced electrons and photo-induced holes in MoS2 and C3N4. Then, the recombination probability of photo-induced electrons and holes was reduced, and hence that greatly improved the photocatalytic efficiency of MB.","PeriodicalId":17253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the chemical society of pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70707108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kaolin-Calcium Carbonate-Titanium Dioxide (K-C-T) Composites for Decolourisation of Reactive Dye Effluent","authors":"S. T. S Tharakeswari, D. S. D Saravanan, Ashwini K Agrawal and Manjeet Jassal Ashwini K Agrawal and Manjeet Jassal","doi":"10.52568/001188/jcsp/44.06.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52568/001188/jcsp/44.06.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Synthetic dyes in textile effluents cause serious environmental and aquatic life hazards if discharged in water bodies without decolorisation and removal of toxic substances. Efforts have been made to produce composites of Kaolin-CaCO3-TiO2 (K-C-T Composite) using the proportions of 1:1:1, 1:2:1 and 1:1:2 through calcination and assess their potential to remove colour from the effluents of Reactive Black 5 dye. Photocatalytic-composite adsorbent has been characterised for morphological structure, phase determination, band gap and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy for colour removal and dye decomposition studies. Studies show a maximum of 82% and 80% colour removal efficiency using 1:1:1 and 1:1:2 proportions of K-C-T composites respectively, calcined at 1000 and#176;C. Surface area of the composite samples, state of titanium dioxide in the composite and band gap of the composite influences the colour removal from the effluent significantly.","PeriodicalId":17253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the chemical society of pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70707962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suppression of β-Cell Apoptosis from H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress in MIN6 cells using Methyl Gallate","authors":"Tasneef Azam Tasneef Azam, Fouzia Noreen Fouzia Noreen, Bina S Siddiqui Bina S Siddiqui, Rahman M Hafizur Rahman M Hafizur, Sabira Begum Sabira Begum","doi":"10.52568/000983/jcsp/44.01.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52568/000983/jcsp/44.01.2022","url":null,"abstract":"A major parameter for diabetic relevant diseases and hyperglycemia is the β-cell apoptosis. Anti diabetic drugs used widely these days chiefly target to lower hyperglycemia along with prevention of β-cells from apoptosis. In this study three natural products methyl gallate, syringic acid, and butanedioic acid from Myricaria germanica were analyzed for β-cell protection. Methyl gallate provided significant β-cell protection from H2O2-induced oxidative stress mediated apoptosis in MIN6 cells at 50 μM (95.5% and#177; 16.0 vs 57.6% and#177; 1.1) and at 100 μM (85.5% and#177; 7.0 vs 57.6% and#177; 1.1) concentrations.","PeriodicalId":17253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the chemical society of pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70706284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boron Removal from Water and Wastewater using New Polystyrene-Based Resin Grafted with Trometamol and 3-Amino-1,2-propanediol","authors":"Huiling Liao Huiling Liao, Yuli Fu Yuli Fu, Haihua Hu Haihua Hu, Meiling Zhu Meiling Zhu, Mancai Xu Mancai Xu, Shihua Zhong Shihua Zhong","doi":"10.52568/000976/jcsp/44.01.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52568/000976/jcsp/44.01.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Boron is one of the significant micronutrients for the plants; however, its excessive concentrations are lethal to plants. The accumulation of boron may cause damage to the liver, kidney, nervous system, respiratory system, digestive system, reproductive system and even threaten human life. Researchers consider using different methods to prepare boron chelating resins. In this work, two innovative, facile, and low‐cost methods were developed to prepare polystyrene-alcohol resins. The KDN and KLA resins had the highest adsorption capacity for boric acid in an aqueous solution at 288 K ,and the adsorption capacity was 36.17 mgand#183;g-1 and 43.47 mgand#183;g-1, respectively. The desorption percentages of boric acid on KDN and KLA resins were 90.75 % and 90.32 % respectively, by using 1 moland#183;L-1 HCl as an eluent. Therefore, KDN and KLA resins have the characteristics of a simple experimental process, large adsorption capacity, high elution rate, reusable, and low production cost. Therefore, it has a high commercial value and development prospects.","PeriodicalId":17253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the chemical society of pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70706490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic Profiling of Different Maca Color Types Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Multivariate Data Analysis","authors":"Jingwei Lv Jingwei Lv, Chunnan Li Chunnan Li, Nanxi Zhang Nanxi Zhang, Kaiyue Z Kaiyue Z, Xiaochen Gao Xiaochen Gao, Na Li Na Li, Lingwen M Lingwen M, Yinping Y Yinping Y, Hui Zhang and Jiaming Sun Hui Zhang and Jiaming Sun","doi":"10.52568/001071/jcsp/44.04.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52568/001071/jcsp/44.04.2022","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to explore significant differences in chemical composition among maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp.) types with different colors in Yunnan province, China. 1H-NMR spectroscopy, in combination with principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis, was used to investigate the compounds responsible for compositional differences. Different maca color types in Yunnan were clearly distinguished by 11 differential metabolites. Furthermore, network pharmacology results showed that 30 active components were related to Alzheimer’s disease. Nine intersecting compounds among the 11 differential metabolites and 30 active components, namely, lysine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, β-hydroxybutyrate, tryptophan, pyroglutamate, proline, glutamine, and fructose, were used as bioactive markers to identify different maca color types. The results showed the bioactive markers among different maca color types holistically, providing a scientific basis for assessing the quality of commercial products derived from different maca color types.","PeriodicalId":17253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the chemical society of pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70706679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Critical Review on the Photo Degradation of Diazinon, A Persistent Organic Pesticides","authors":"Fawad Ahmad Fawad Ahmad, Sana Nisar Sana Nisar, Maira Mehmood Maira Mehmood, Zakiratullah Zakiratullah","doi":"10.52568/001120/jcsp/44.05.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52568/001120/jcsp/44.05.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Broad production, utilization, and scrapping of pesticides worldwide increase the health concern of humans and animals, due to their bio-persistent and bio-accumulating nature. Among the present treatment methods, metaloxide based photocatalysis is the emerging technology for pesticide removal in aqueous medium, and has gained the interest of many researchers in the past years due to its feasibility, cost efficiency and higher degradation rate. This review briefly discusses the mechanism of metaloxide based photocatalytic degradation, reaction kinetics of pesticides degradation, optimization of operational parameters to enhance the degradation process, and different modifications such as binary, ternary or metal/non-metal dopped metaloxide photocatalysts to improve the effectiveness of degradation has also been analyzed. The effect of operational parameters like effect of catalyst dosage, pH, initial pesticide concentration, UV/sunlight, and irradiation time on the photocatalytic degradation of pesticide has been reviewed. The comparison of various photocatalysts for the degradation of diazinon from aqueous medium is summarized. However additional research is required to achieve fast and maximum degradation to keep the environment safe.","PeriodicalId":17253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the chemical society of pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70707154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}